Articles
Page 1 of 1164, showing 50 records out of 58180 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
August 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
A view of road transport in Africa
Transport sector is usually divided into four main modes: road, air, maritime and rail modes. In sub-Sahara Africa, road appears as the dominant mode. Railways were developed during the colonial period but almost abandoned since the independence in most countries. Air transport once seen as sign of economic prosperity and instrument of sovereignty is far from being competitive. Maritime transport is mainly on coastal...
August 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Assessment of radiological risk from the soils of artisanal mining areas of Anka, North West Nigeria
Assessment of radiological risk was carried out on twenty soil samples collected from agricultural, mining and mine processing areas in Anka, Zamfara State, North Western Nigeria. The measurement of activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K was performed using the gamma-ray spectrometer equipped with a high purity germanium detector. The values of the activity concentration of 226Ra ranged from 24.69±4.26 to...
August 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Exergy consumption analysis of the transportation sector of Senegal
Exergy analysis has become widely recognized and adopted as a powerful tool for physical and engineering systems analysis. In this paper, it was applied to transportation modes. Transport is second after the residential sector in Senegal when it comes to energy consumption and relies on imported fossil fuels. In 2013, it consumed around 32 PJ which represented 30% of total energy consumed in the country. Exergy use...
August 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Effect of seed pre-treatment and its duration on germination of Detarium microcarpum (Guill. and Perr.)
Detarium microcarpum Guill and Perr is a multipurpose tree species indigenous to semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. It is being exploited to local extinction due to high dependence for fuelwood and other uses. The present study explored different pre-treatment methods for enhancing seed germination and growth of D. microcarpum in the Guinea savanna zone of Ghana. The experiment employed a 4 × 4...
July 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Pit latrine faecal sludge solid waste quantification and characterization to inform the design of treatment facilities in peri-urban areas: A case study of Kanyama
The purpose of the study was to quantify waste content in faecal sludge using an appropriate method and characterise the solid wastes inherent with the faecal sludge into categories. A total of eight (8) domestic pit-latrines were analysed in the peri-urban area of Kanyama settlement in Lusaka from July to October, 2018. From each latrine, three (3) samples were obtained for analysis of solid waste and sand/grit...
July 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Reported driving factors of land-use/cover changes and its mounting consequences in Ethiopia: A Review
Obviously, there is land-use/cover change with multifaceted driving factors and associated adverse impacts out there in different parts of Ethiopia. Evidence from published journals justifies this fact but not yet compiled in a manner to convey information on the trend of change and its criticality with the aim to handle the problems. Thus, filing up all the driving factors and its adverse out come from different...
July 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Balancing land management under livestock keeping regimes: A case study of Ruvu and Zigi catchments in Tanzania
Land degradation has become a global concern that requires countries to take prompt actions. The objective of the study was to assess land management in respect to activities of livestock keeping in the Ruvu and Zigi river basins in Eastern Tanzania. The two basins attract a huge number of livestock from nearby and relatively distant areas in pursuit of pasture and water resources. The results indicated that modes of...
July 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Testing vertical distance and growth medium for vertically farming bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in urban agriculture
Vertical farming implies growing crops in superimposed growth beds. This study assessed the effects of vertical distance between growth beds and growth medium on beans and tomatoes. Three levels of vertical spacing and three levels of growth medium were studied in a split plot design and three replicates. The vertical distance was tested in main plots while the growth medium was tested in sub-plots. The main plot was a...
July 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Influence of GA3 on seed multiplication of CMS lines used for hybrid rice development
In Pakistan, the F1 seed production ranks very low in the three-line system. One of the reasons is poor panicle exertion and less out crossing rate in the female lines. Gibbrillic Acid (GA3) increase the seed and improve panicle exertion as well as outcrossing. This study was designed to identify the suitable doses of GA3 application in the seed multiplication block of different CMS lines. The material comprising both...
July 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Anatomical adaptations in species of Poaceae growing in Al-Ha'ir region of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
The aim of this work was to determine the anatomical adaptations of leaves and stems of four species of Poaceae (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers., Chloris barbata SW. (Chloridoideae), Setaria verticillata L. P. Beauv., and Panicum coloratum L. (Panicoideae)) growing naturally at Al-Ha'ir region near Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cross-sections of the leaves revealed that the epidermis cells were spherical to oval and formed one...
July 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Residues of the transformation of halieutics products: An alternative substrate for energy valorization of wastes by methanisation for a local sustainable development (preliminary results)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biogas productivity potential of residues of the transformation of halieutics products. Experiments were conducted in two digesters of PUXIN model of 20 m3, where the temperature is 35°C. Multirae analyser was used to know the composition of biogas produced. A gas counter was also used for counting the amount of biogas produced during the experiment. There was also a...
July 2019
Journal of Engineering and Technology Research
Modeling of the adsorption isotherm of Pleurotus ostreatus using Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) equation
Moisture sorption isotherms of Pleurotus ostreatus were determined at three different temperatures (10, 30 and 40) and relative humidity (6 to 88%), using standard static gravimetric method. The samples were used to determine the equilibrium moisture content and the data fitted to the Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) equation to describe the moisture adsorption characteristics within the water activity used for this...
July 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Food and income diversification decisions as climate change adaptation strategies: Evidence from Kalfou and Tabalak local governments, Tahoua State, Niger Republic
The purpose of this study is to evaluate rural household’s food and income diversification decisions in face of climate change adaptation strategies using advances in choice-based experiment. Several studies have focused on general and specific food values using the balanced incomplete block design; but fewer studies have been devoted to study rural household food and income diversification decisions via the lens...
July 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Statistical optimization of L–glutaminase production by Trichoderma species under solid state fermentation using African locust beans as substrate
Six strains of Trichoderma species isolated from soil and air samples were screened for extracellular L-glutaminase production. The highest enzyme producing isolate, Trichoderma longibrachiatum was subjected to screening and nutrients optimization experiments under solid state fermentation using a constant weight of African locust beans as substrate. A specific activity of 54.96 U/mg was achieved at 1% (w/v) glutamine,...
July 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
The pro-oxidant effect of dextran sodium sulphate on oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes in Drososphila melanogaster
This study sought to evaluate the behavioural and biochemical effects of Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS) on the oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes. Drosophila melanogaster (both sexes) of 3 days old were exposed to various DSS incorporated diets at concentrations, 0.5 - 3.0% for a period of 14 days (Survival rate). The second phase comprised of 3 groups; Group I- Control (normal diet), Group II-0.5% DSS,...
July 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of the choice of multi-governance structures by producers and processors of paddy in Benin
This study aims to analyse the factors that influence the selection of governance structures by rice producers and processors in Benin. Unlike previous studies, the factors that influence the selection of governance structures are identified simultaneously for both producers and processors of paddy. Data were collected in Benin from about 300 producers and 140 processors of paddy randomly selected. The results indicate...
July 2019
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Quality of hospital admission documentation: A study in an emergency paediatric unit of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Medical documentation, in addition to being a legal and research tool, is vital in providing quality patient care. In Nigeria, hand written documentation without proforma, is the norm. We assessed the quality of doctors’ documentation of children admitted into Emergency Paediatrics Unit (EPU), Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH). A 3-month cross-sectional study of admission records by different...
July 2019
International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering
Finite difference method to design sustainable infiltration based stormwater management system
Infiltration based stormwater best management practices bring considerable economic, social and ecological benefits. Controlling stormwater quantity and quality are primarily important to prevent urban flooding and minimizing loads of pollutants to the receiving waters. However, there have been growing concerns about how the traditional design approach contributes to the failure of infiltration based BMP’s that...
July 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Effectiveness of learning and experimentation approaches for farmers as a community based strategy for banana xanthomonas wilt management
Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a devastating disease for banana and enset in east, central and Horn of Africa since 1968. The disease has spread to all banana growing countries in the region in the last decade, causing yield losses of up to 80 to 100%. Several efforts have been undertaken to develop and implement technologies for BXW management and their effective deployment with varying successes. This paper presents...
July 2019
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
An exploration on blood donation intention among population in Hawassa city, Southern Ethiopia; theory of planned behaviour approach: A qualitative study
Millions of lives are saved each year through blood transfusions. Blood donation is therefore considered as a humanitarian act and a positive behavioural phenomenon. To explore intention to donate blood among Hawassa city population, southern Ethiopia, 2017, a qualitative study using the theory of planned behaviour was employed. Data collection was done using a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions....
July 2019
Journal of Philosophy and Culture
A Yorùbá reflection on the theodicy embedded in Prince’s “Sign O’ The Times”: Implications for scholarship on African Theology
Given the array of tracks inspired by various realities during Prince Roger Nelson’s (popularly known as Prince) career, this study engages the philosophical problem of evil as well as the implied justification that Africans had no idea of the divine as embedded in his “Sign O’ the Times.” In this track, Prince reflects over some of the horrendous evils in the world. However, his evangelizing of...
July 2019
Journal of Horticulture and Forestry
Effect of tea processing methods on biochemical composition and sensory quality of black tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze): A review
Final quality of black tea depends mainly on the chemical composition of the raw tea leaves. Various plucking methods have direct effect both on yield and quality in different cultivated variety and environments. Different literature reports indicated that polyphenols, caffeine, essential oils and amino acids are responsible for aroma and flavor of black tea. The oxidation process begins at rolling step and ends at...
July 2019
International Journal of Computer Engineering Research
Analysis and result of classification algorithm on email classification
In this time, one of the most and fastest forms of communication is electronic mail or what we call e-mail. However, the increase of e-mail users has resulted in the dramatic increase of spam emails in the past few years. Spam is the use of electronic messaging systems to send bulk data. In this paper, e-mail data were classified as ham email and spam email using supervised learning algorithms. Three different...
July 2019
Journal of Diabetes and Endocrinology
The effect of aqueous leaf extract of Adansonia digitata (baobab) on diabetes mellitus and the anterior pituitary of adult male wistar rats
This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-diabetic properties of aqueous leaf extract of Adansonia digitata leaf (ALEAD) on blood glucose level. 36 of the rats were randomly distributed into 9. Group one served as the normal control and Group 2 rats were administered with alloxan (150 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Groups 3, 4, and 5 were orally administered with alloxan (150 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and aqueous leaf...
July 2019
Journal of Yeast and Fungal Research
Diversity of cellulase- and xylanase-producing filamentous fungi from termite mounds
Cellulases and xylanases are enzymes of industrial significance, particularly in the pulp, paper, textile, and animal feed industries. Moreover, their utilization in the food industry, among them, bakery, brewery, winery and fruit and vegetable juice production, cannot be underestimated. One of the potential sources of enzymes is the filamentous fungi, and hence bio-prospecting of this specific group of microorganisms...
July 2019
Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment
Ecological factors favouring mosquito breeding in Ifedore local government area of Ondo State, Nigeria
The physico-chemical and biological characteristics affecting the breeding ecology of mosquitoes in Ifedore local government area of Ondo State, Nigeria was investigated. Mosquito larvae were collected from 33 breeding sites using standard plastic dippers, transported to the laboratory and reared to adulthood. Physico-chemical characteristics, distance of each breeding site to the nearest residence and other biotic and...
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Molecular characterization of some bacteria isolated from munitions contaminated sites in Kachia Military Firing Range, Kaduna State, Nigeria
Environmental pollution is principally caused by human activities that usually result in the release of man–made pollutants such as biological, chemical and radioactive in such states as solid, liquid and gaseous substances into the biosphere via, land, water and air. Globally, the increasing rate of environmental contamination by ammunition/explosives resulting from their increasing deployments in the rising...
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Genetic diversity in some Ghanaian and Malian sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] accessions using SSR markers
The study was carried out to assess genetic diversity among forty-one sorghum accessions obtained from Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Nyankpala, Northern Region of Ghana and the germplasm collection of Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Cape Coast. Genetic diversity and relationship among the forty-one accessions were evaluated using 22 microsatellite primers. The 22...
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Effective method to control Vibrio mimicus infection in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus
Recently, a skin ulcerative disease caused by Vibrio mimicus has led to heavy economic losses in catfish, including yellow catfish, southern catfish, and Zhengchuan catfish in China. Currently, there was no effective method of controlling the outbreak of this disease. In this study, the bacterial isolates were obtained from dying channel catfish and identified as V. mimicus, which consist of formalin-inactivated V....
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Morphological and molecular screening of rice accessions for salt tolerance
The ever-increasing demand for rice raises the need to increase productivity by using salt tolerant varieties on saline soils. In this study, 12 rice accessions were screened for tolerance to salt at seedling stage using morphological and molecular methods. The study was carried out in a hydroponic system using Hoagland solution. Scoring was done using the modified standard evaluation score (SES) system after 14 days of...
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Enhancement of phytoremediation efficiency of Acacia mangium using earthworms in metal-contaminated soil in Bonoua, Ivory Coast
In this paper, the impact of Pontoscolex corethrurus on Acacia mangium growth and its phytoremediation efficiency in metal-contaminated soils were studied in a greenhouse pot culture under four treatments: non contaminated soil-non inoculated, control (C); non contaminated soil-inoculated (NcI); contaminated soil-non inoculated (CNi); contaminated soil-inoculated (CI). The results showed that A. mangium growth...
July 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Knowledge, attitudes, perception and behaviours of HIV/AIDS among end-cycle students in Cote d’Ivoire: Cross-sectional survey
In Cote d’Ivoire, the prevalence of HIV/AIDS has declined significantly in the last decade as a result of public health actions. An assessment of knowledge, attitudes, perception and behaviours was carried out to assess the outcome of the strategies for raising awareness and communicating with students about HIV/AIDS. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 among students enrolled in third year...
July 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Framework for establishing data gaps: A case for sustainable development goal 3
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by members states of the United Nations in September 2015. One of the major principles of the SDGs is “Leave No One Behind”. As such SDG monitoring requires data from all population groups, particularly the most vulnerable and most unreachable. This poses a challenge to governments in terms of collecting data from such groups to monitor status of SDGs....
July 2019
International Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology
Characterisation of three morphotypes of Solenostemon rotundifolius [(Poir.) J. K. Morton] cultivated in Burkina Faso using quantitative traits
Evaluation of intra specific variability is a key step toward conservation and sustainable use of species. This study was carried out to describe the morphotypes of Solenostemon rotundifolius (Lamiaceae) based on quantitative traits. Three accessions (E02, E35 and E20), representing the morphotypes “A”, “B” and “C” were characterised in Randomised Complete Block Design with three...
July 2019
Journal of Horticulture and Forestry
Notice of Retraction: Impact of mobile phones on the density of honeybees
The editors of the Journal of Horticulture and Forestry (JHF) are retracting the article, “Impact of mobile phones on the density of honeybees” published in 2011 (Vol. 3(4), pp. 131-133, April 2011). This is informed by the multiple publication of the article under different titles in other journals (http://ipublishing.co.in/jesvol1no12010/EIJES2044.pdf;...
July 2019
International Journal of Psychology and Counselling
Differential item functioning of the career aspiration scale within Arab context
The aim of the study was to examine the psychometric properties and the differential items functioning of short version of Career Aspiration Scale (CAS) in a sample of 2700 of Omani high school students. The results of the total score of CAS showed acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.67). An exploratory factor analysis yielded a support for nine items version identifying single construct....
July 2019
Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment
Is the expansion of Eucalyptus tree a curse or an opportunity? Implications from a dispute on the tree’s ecological and economic impact in Ethiopia: A review
This review was made to bring forth the contradicting outlooks from different research findings, challenges on the Eucalyptus species and show the opportunities we have with the tree. Due to the impact of Eucalyptus tree species on ecological health and agricultural productivity, ecologists, policy makers and politicians have had a negative view on this tree species. Hence, attempts are made to remove the tree from the...
July 2019
Journal of Geography and Regional Planning
Drivers to energy efficiency development in lighting and air-conditioning systems in manufacturing industries in Ghana for 2018
The increase in electricity demand, coupled with drastic deficit in energy generation and depleting conventional energy resources continues to create complex challenges for the energy market in Ghana. But Energy Efficiency (EE) in lighting and air-conditioning has been considered as a green area for reducing energy consumption. The manufacturing sector has been considered as a key area for the implementation of energy...
July 2019
African Journal of Business Management
Development impact bonds to overcome investors-services providers’ agency problems: Insights from a case study analysis
The paper aims to enrich the academic debate on social impact investing, through a formalization of Development Impact Bonds (DIBs)’ structure. With this purpose, the research adopts an inductive approach and presents a case study analysis of the world’s first successful DIB in education, Educate Girls Development Impact Bond. The analysis fosters the role of DIBs as tools to provide funds to non-profit...
July 2019
Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development
Integrated weed management systems in sorghum based cropping system in Nigeria
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) is the fifth most important staple food crop after wheat, rice, maize and barley. Sorghum is consumed by more than 70% of the population. Striga hermonthica is a serious biotic constraint to cereal production in the dry savannas of sub-Saharan Africa. Striga infestation in sorghum is reported to be higher in Nigeria than in other West African countries with about 80% (8.7 million ha)...
July 2019
African Journal of Business Management
The effect of county government expenditure on gross county product in Kenya: A panel data analysis
From previous studies, the effects of expenditure on economic growth appear to provide mixed results. Despite this uncertainty, theory suggests that expenditure induce growth. In Kenya, economic growth has been fluctuating despite the devolved expenditure increasing over time. It is against this background that this study was carried out to investigate empirically the short-run and long-run effect of components of...
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Review of microfluidics approaches to mimic
the kidney
The use of microfluidics and nanotechnology in bioscience is gaining favor among the next generation of bioscience and clinical researchers, and this field has expanded to include organ-specific applications and modeling. While certain organ-specific microfluidic chips/applications, such as those in the heart and liver, are ubiquitous in the peer-reviewed literature, the kidneys require more focus and attention to drive...
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Role of mucous cell and p53 protein in gastroprotective activity of methanolic extracts of Ageratum conyzoides Linn in rats
Ageratum conyzoides Linn is a medicinal plant used for diverse ethnomedicinal applications including anti-ulcer treatment. Usually, protection of gastric mucosa from injury or ulceration is dependent on the efficacy of intrinsic or induced protective factors against erosive effects of aggressive factors. In this study, our aim was to ascertain the gastroprotective activity of methanolic leaf extracts of A. conyzoides L....
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Modified protocol for RNA isolation from different parts of field-grown jute plant suitable for NGS data generation and quantitative real-time RT-PCR
High quality RNA extraction from field-grown jute plants can be difficult due to the presence of complex polyphenolic, polysaccharide and waxes. But isolation of RNA in high quality is a basic need in plant genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, molecular biology and related physiological investigations. Here, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) based modified RNA isolation protocol suitable for isolating high quality...
July 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
DNA barcoding of Ghanaian fish species: Status and prospects
Ghana’s waters are biologically diverse with different fish species due to different ecological habitats and niches harboring several cryptic fish species. However, the fish production has reduced over the past decade; hence an urgent conservation and management strategies are required to save Ghanaian fishery such as accurate identification of species to formulate species-specific conservation and management...
July 2019
International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology
A concentric approach to understanding herders-farmers clashes in Benue and Nasarawa States, Nigeria
This paper provides a theoretical appraisal as regards the phenomenon of Herders and farmers clashes in north central of Nigeria, specifically “Benue” and “Nassarawa” States. By way of qualitative discourse, grounded on secondary sources, the paper gives insight and a deep understanding on the contending issues surrounding resource struggle by host farmers and migrating herders. The approach of...
July 2019
International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology
Witchcraft stigmatization and abuse of children in Akwa-Ibom state, Nigeria
In this age of intellectual progress and technological advancement, strange beliefs are still rife, and misfortunes are blamed on witches in many societies. In the past, the avowed witches were the aged. Lately, focus has shifted to vulnerable and defenseless children who have become victims of witchcraft stigmatization and abuse. In Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria, hundreds of children have been labeled as witches and thus...
July 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Effect of tree age on nutritional, anti-nutritional and proximate composition of Moringa stenopetala leaves in South west Ethiopia
Moringa stenopetala is one of the indigenous agro-forestry tree species cultivated in multi-storey inter-cropping system in the southern dry land areas of Ethiopia. It is an economically important tree species in which most parts of the plant are used for different purposes. Leaves of the plant collected from age classes of the tree are edible after processing. Despite its wider usage in the southern parts of the...
July 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Physicochemical study of kernel oils from ten varieties of Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) cultivated in
Cote d’Ivoire
Mango consumers only use pulp and consider the kernel as wastes. This study aims to valorize the kernel of mango (Mangifera indica). In this study, the kernel of ten mango varieties (Ruby, Kent, Retard, Key, Assabony, Smith tête de chat, Smith normal, Palmer, Governeur and Aravia) collected at Yamoussoukro in the center of Cote d’Ivoire were used. The oils of these kernels were extracted by maceration...
July 2019
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Central Ethiopia
Staphylococcus aureus is commonly associated with mastitis in dairy herds with potential public health implications. Overall, 303 samples were collected from September 2015 to July 2016 to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic pattern of drug resistance in S. aureus isolated from cases of clinical and sub-clinical bovine mastitis in Central Ethiopia. Milk samples were tested by using California Mastitis Test and...
Page 1 of 1164, showing 50 records out of 58180 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
