Articles
Page 1 of 1138, showing 50 records out of 56889 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
November 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Assessment of factors affecting adoption of exotic chicken breed production in North Western Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia
Exotic chicken breeds were promoted and disseminated in the rural and peri-urban parts of Ethiopia, to improve the productivity of the poultry to increase the income of farmers. The study was conducted to explore the factors affecting adoption of exotic chicken breed in Tselemti and Tahtay Koraro districts of North Western zone of Tigray region, Ethiopia. A multi-stage random sampling technique was followed to select...
November 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Assessment on consumption and marketing system of chickens in Gena Bossa district, south Ethiopia
This study was conducted in Gena Bossa district on assessment of consumption and marketing of chickens with the objectives of assessing chicken meat and egg consumption and marketing system of chickens. Random sampling method was used to select 138 households for interview. About 55.1% of chickens were owned by wife and the rest of flocks were owned by husband, boys and girls. Almost all of the farm activities were...
November 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Sensory evaluation and consumer acceptability of orange-fleshed sweet potato by lactating women and their children (<2 years old) in Kaffrine, Central Groundnut Basin, Senegal
This study evaluated the sensory properties and consumer acceptance of boiled, fried, and mashed orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), by rural lactating women (n=80) and their children <2 years old (n=77). Sensory evaluation and acceptability were performed using a 7-point hedonic scale. Intake parameters (food intake and eating rate), and vitamin A content in the OFSP were measured. The relationships between the...
November 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Sensory evaluation of improved and local recipes for children aged 6 to 23 months in Bukoba, Tanzania
Complementary foods are foods other than breast milk or infant formula (liquids, semisolids, and solids) introduced to an infant to provide nutrients as well as energy. To ensure sustainable consumption of the improved recipes, sensory evaluation is important to assess acceptability of the modified recipes among the targeted consumers or population. This study was to assess sensory attributes of the improved recipes for...
November 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Effects of germination and defatting of the soybean and sesame on the mineral bioavailability and absorption of sweet potato based complementary diets
The effect of germination of soybean and sesame seeds on the bioavailability of minerals of complementary foods was investigated using rats. Formulations of complementary diets 1 to 4 were produced from sweet potato, soybean and sesame flours at a ratio of 60:30:10, respectively. Formulated diets were significantly higher (p<0.05) in protein, fat and moisture content and lower in carbohydrate and crude fibre than in...
November 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Oxalate, phytate and nitrate content in African nightshade, spider plant and amaranths at different stages of maturity
African indigenous green leafy vegetables play important role in income generation and subsistence; they are the cheapest and most readily available sources of important minerals and vitamins. On the other hand, they contain anti-nutritional factors that reduce availability of vital nutrients. This study was conducted to determine oxalates, phytates and nitrates content in commonly consumed Amaranths cruentus, Spider...
November 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Dietary practices, habits and physical activity levels of the Swahili community, Kenya in relation to obesity and chronic diseases of lifestyle
Chronic diseases of lifestyle like diabetes mellitus and hypertension appear at greater rates in populations which consumed high fat, high calorie diets and engaged in low or no physical activity. Physical inactivity and unhealthy diets are major contributors of overweight and obesity which are risk factors for lifestyle diseases. This study aimed at determining the relationship between dietary practices, habits,...
November 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Microbiology, heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons profiles of some grilled, roasted and smoked foods in Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria
Dietary intake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and heterocyclic amines (HCA) has posted a great health risk as they have been identified as a most potent human carcinogen. Microbial quality of food is also of concern as they contribute to food poisoning and infection. Sixty food samples comprising roasted yam, plantain, grilled and smoked fish and meat were randomly sampled from Lagos and Ogun State, Nigeria,...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of adoption of dorper black head Somali crossbred sheep in pastoral areas: the case of Yabello District, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia
This study aims to investigate determinants of adoption of the Dorper Black Head Somali (DBHS) Crossbred Sheep by the pastoralists in Yabello District, Ethiopia. Data from 123 sample respondents (pastoralists) were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. A binary logistic regression model was used to estimate the effects of hypothesized independent variables on the dependent variable (adoption of DBHS crossbred...
October 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Assessment of salt tolerance and variability within some rice germplasm using microsatelittes
Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that affects rice production. It can reduce yield drastically and result in total crop failure. The objectives of this study are to determine the genetic diversity within thirty-six rice accessions and to identify genotypes that are tolerant to salinity. Thirty-six rice accessions including three check varieties were sown in experimental pots and their leaves harvested for DNA...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
The effect of mechanical kneading and absit preparation on tef injera quality
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mechanical kneading and ‘absit’ preparation difference on the quality of tef injera, the staple food of Ethiopians. Standard methods were adopted to determine the starch fraction, total phenol, flavonoid, phytate and tannins of injera. Sensory injera quality was assessed using 9-point-hedonic scale. Change in kneading conditions (time/speed) did not...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Weaning food fortification and improvement of fermented cereal and legume by metabolic activities of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum
The provision of cheap, balanced and adequate nutritional composition for growing infants is a major challenge in Africa. Most weaning foods are usually cereal-based gruels fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The major nutrient they supply being carbohydrate, uncontrolled or inappropriate intake might cause growth retardation and malnutrition in growing children. The nutritional requirement of weaning infants could...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Determinants of traders’ nutrition knowledge and intake of traditional African vegetables in Tanzania
Indigenous and traditional African vegetables are receiving increasing attention because of their potential to contribute to food and nutritional security as well as enhance livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Traditional African vegetables are important sources of nutrients like iron and calcium and also vitamins A, B complex, C, and E. The consumption of vegetables in sub-Saharan Africa, however, falls way below the...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Effect of pregelatinized corn and rice flour on specific volume of gluten-free traditional Algerian bread «KhobzEddar» using central composite design
In the present study, the effect of addition of pregelatinized corn and rice flour on specific volume of gluten-free traditional Algerian bread Khobz Eddar was studied. The gluten-free breads were made from corn and rice/field bean formula in ratio 2/1 (w/w) and pregelatinized corn and rice flour were made by adding water to flour on the basis of 5/1 (w/w) and heated until 65°C. Response Surface Methodology (RSM)...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Fate of aflatoxins during traditional melon cake and sauce processing
Melon cake is a non-fermented, traditionally processed food product obtained from melon seeds, and it is consumed as a snack or added to soup. Melon sauce is obtained during the final step of melon cake processing and it is used with melon cake during soup making. This study focused on evaluating the fate of aflatoxin during traditional melon seed processing into melon cake and sauce as a combined product. Shelled melon...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Economic efficiency of smallholder farmers in barley production in Meket district, Ethiopia
This study analyzed the economic efficiency of smallholder farmers in barley production in the case of Meket district, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. A cross sectional data collected from a sample of 123 barley producers during the 2015/2016 production season was used for the analysis. Two stages random sampling method was used to select sample respondents. The translog functional form was chosen to estimate...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of commercialization by smallholder onion farmers in Fogera district, South Gondar Zone, Amhara national regional State, Ethiopia
Onion crop is one of the most important commercialized horticultural crops among smallholder farmers because they derive benefits such as income, source of food, health care and rural employment. In developing countries like Ethiopia, most smallholder farmers are characterized by poor market participation due to lack of market information, price volatility related to seasonality of supply, and poor performance of the...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of the adoption of improved faba bean varieties in Enda-Mehoni district, South Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
This paper examines determinants of faba bean varieties adoption in Enda-Mehoni district using a cross-sectional data collected from 223 sample households. An interview schedule was employed to collect the data and presented using frequency, percentage and mean. We employed t-test and χ2-test statistics to see the significant difference between adopter and non-adopter and a binary logit model to know the influence...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of market participation and intensity of marketed surplus among teff producers in Dera District of South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
In Ethiopia, cereal production and marketing are the means of livelihood for millions of households. Teff is the major cash crop grown in the study area mainly for market. However, the teff marketing has not been given due attention, which has potential production volume and marketability. The objective of this paper is to identify the factors affecting market participation and intensity of teff marketed surplus. A two...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens in Ethiopia
This study reviews the productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens in Ethiopia with the aim of delivering summarized and synthesized information for the beneficiaries and producers. Chicken production encompasses into traditional scavenging, small and large-scale market orientated systems based on the objective of the producer, the type of inputs used and the number and types of chickens kept. In...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Current Status of animal biotechnology and option for improvement of animal reproduction in Asia
The aim of this review paper was to investigate the use of biotechnology in the improvement of animal reproduction in different Asian Countries. Biotechnologies have contributed immensely to increasing livestock reproductively, particularly in developed countries, and can help to alleviate poverty and hunger, reduce the threats of diseases and ensure environmental sustainability in developing countries. A wide range of...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Assesment of quality and marketing of hide and skin in Adamitulu Jidokombolcha and Bora Woreda in East Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Hide and Skins are important economic products contributing to the largest share of the total and agricultural export commodities followed by live animals in Ethiopia. The current study was conducted with the objective of assessing the major causes of hide and skin defect, quality, and marketing of the raw materials in Adami-Tulu and Bora district. A total of 768 (382 sheep and 220 goat skins and 76 cattle hides) sample...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Local sheep and goat reproductive performance managed under farmer condition in Southern Ethiopia
Sheep and goats represent an important component of the farming system by providing about 12% of the value of livestock products consumed and 48% of the cash income generated at the farm level. Although diverse sheep and goats resources are found in Ethiopia, their productivity is low; the sector has not received a great deal of attention from scientists, administrators and legislators. Strategic recording and...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Influence of dietary wood charcoal on growth performance, nutrient efficiency and excreta quality of male broiler chickens
Dietary wood charcoal can be a potential low-cost feed supplement for the improvement of performance in broiler chicken production, while reducing loss of nutrients through birds’ excreta. However, it has no nutritive value and excess feeding may lead to constipation and thereby hamper birds’ production performance. An experiment was conducted with a total of 24 male broiler chickens which were...
October 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Prevalence of premarital sexual practices and its associated factors among high school students in Addis Zemen Town, South Gondar, Ethiopia, 2017
Pre-marital sex is a penetrative vaginal or anal sexual intercourse performed before formal marriage in younger population. Moreover, these population groups are less likely than adults to have the information, skills and support to protect themselves against HIV/AIDS and other consequences of premarital sex. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of pre-marital sexual practice and its associated factors...
October 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Mental health status of students attending tertiary institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
National health policies that take into cognizance the interventions against the menace of students’ ill health in Nigeria are limited. This study investigated the health status of students in tertiary institutions in Bayelsa State. A descriptive study design was adopted to randomly select four tertiary institutions out of six. Two hundred students were randomly selected from the four schools; fifty from each...
October 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Sanitation practice and associated factors among slum dwellers residing in urban slums of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
Attaining sustainable sanitation in urban slum community is still an issue and continues to be a gap. Furthermore, factors associated with sanitation practices among slum dwellers has not been yet well explored in many low income countries, such as Ethiopia. This study was designed to determine the sanitation practice and associated factors among slum dwellers residing in urban slums of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A...
October 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Evaluation of agronomic performance of beta-carotene rich (yellow fleshed) cassava varieties in Nigeria
Twenty-five yellow fleshed cassava varieties including three checks (two improved and one local) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications in three locations in Nigeria. Tuber yield, dry matter content, root size, fiber content, harvest index, sprouting and vigor of the varieties evaluated were all significant at 0.05 significant levels across the locations. Taste, color of unexpanded...
October 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for yield and yield related traits in southwestern Ethiopia
Understanding the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of traits in any plant population is an important pre-requisite for breeding program. The experiment was conducted to assess the magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance of 24 maize inbred lines for 16 quantitative traits. The field experiment was conducted during 2016 cropping season at Jimma Agricultural Research Center...
October 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Correlation and path coefficient analysis of yield and quality components of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) genotypes in Ethiopia
The improvement for a trait of interest can be achieved by both direct and indirect selection of characters that are more heritable and easy to select. The aim of this study was to determine the degree and nature of associations among seed yield and seed quality related characters. One hundred eight garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) genotypes were evaluated for their yield and seed quality related traits using a...
October 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Genetic variability of some chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes and correlation among yield and related traits in humid tropics of southern Ethiopia
The current investigation evaluated the genetic variability of some chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes and correlation among yield and related traits in Abaya Woreda. Five improved chickpea genotypes along with one local variety were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were recorded from phenological, growth parameters; and yield and related traits depicted the ranges of mean...
October 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Performance enhancement of Nalgonda technique and pilot testing electrolytic defluoridation system for removing fluoride from drinking water in East Africa
High fluoride concentrations in groundwater pose a health risk to people living in the Rift valley of Ethiopia and beyond. The Nalgonda and electrolytic defluoridation (EDF) fluoride treatment systems were developed and adapted in India for fluoride removal. A recent study evaluated twenty Nalgonda techniques that were implemented in the Rift valley of Ethiopia. A number of these systems were found to be non-functional...
October 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Use of integrated pollution indices in assessing heavy metals pollution in soils of three auto mechanic villages in Abuja
This research work targeted at the use of integrated pollution indices models of Pollution Index (PI), Average of Pollution Index (PIAvg), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Nemerow Pollution Index (NIPINemerow) in assessing heavy metals pollution in soils of three auto mechanic villages of Abuja. Soil samples were randomly collected with a stainless hand auger to a depth range of 0 to 15 cm and were analyzed with atomic...
October 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Phytoplankton species diversity and biomass and its impact on the sustainable management of Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Lake Bosomtwe is a closed, stratified, natural freshwater body located in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Recently residents along the Lake shore complain of foul smells emanating from the Lake and also there have been occasional fish deaths there. This led to the study of the composition of phytoplankton community dominating the lake. Sampling was done during the rainy and dry seasons. Samples were collected from twelve...
October 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Effects of Changes in Use of Indigenous Knowledge Systems on Land Cover in Teso Busia County, Kenya
This paper introduces indigenous land knowledge conservation systems as a significant resource which would contribute to the increased efficiency and effectiveness in the management of land and land based resources among rural communities. Despite their critical role in the conservation of the land based resources, these knowledge systems and technologies are being marginalized or even forgotten among rural communities....
October 2018
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Public discourse on Khat (Catha edulis) production in Ethiopia: Review
Agriculture is the most important economic activity and employment opportunity in Ethiopia. Globally, the country is the largest producer of Khat. The producers and consumers of Khat are increasing combined with earning for the national exports. Despite several controversies have continued on Khat practice, the legal stance of the Ethiopian government and studies on environmental impact are minimal. The review results...
October 2018
African Journal of Plant Science
Characterization of markers linked to resistance motifs against maize lethal necrosis in Tanzanian
maize germplasm
Among the biological constraints facing maize production in Tanzania is a severe occurrence of maize lethal necrosis disease (MLN) raising an urgent need for application of new approaches. A pool of 22 maize genotypes with promising resistance and susceptibility to MLN infection were evaluated by Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA fingerprinting analysis to detect genetic variation in the selected lines....
October 2018
African Journal of Plant Science
Agronomic performance of pro vitamin a cassava varieties in three locations in Nigeria
In an early yellow root cassava study in 2003 to 2004, we investigated agronomic performance of pro Vitamin A (yellow fleshed) cassava genotypes in three locations in Nigeria (Ibadan, Mokwa, and Onne). Twenty-two clones and three checks were evaluated. A randomized complete block design was used with four replications. Characteristics showing significant differences among genotypes across all locations included...
October 2018
African Journal of Plant Science
Effect of native mycorrhizal fungi inoculants on the growth and phosphorus uptake of tree legumes: Erythryna brucei and Millettia ferruginea
The inoculation study was conducted in the greenhouse to investigate the effect of phosphorus (P) concentrations on growth and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization of multipurpose tree legumes Erythrina brucei and Millettia ferruginea. Plant growth parameters (shoot length, dry weight) and P uptake increased significantly after inoculations with AM fungi, Rhizophagus clarus, Rhizophagus intraradices and the...
October 2018
African Journal of Plant Science
Survey of Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum) on maize (Zea mays) in major highland and mid-altitudes of maize growing agro-ecologies of Western part of Oromia, Ethiopia
Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum) (TLB) is a major disease affecting maize (Zea mays) in western Ethiopia. This study was designed to: assess the incidence and severity of TLB in major highland and mid-altitudes of maize growing agro-ecologies of Western Oromia, map the geographical distribution of the TLB disease in the study area, and evaluate the reaction of maize varieties under production to TLB. From...
October 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
“Ecology of soil seed banks: Implications for conservation and restoration of natural vegetation”:
A review
Seed bank (henceforth referred to as SB) refers to viable seed which is present on or in soil and associated with litter/humus. Under different land use/land cover systems and climatic regions, density of seeds in the soil is variable both in space and time. SB density decreases with increasing depth and age of seeds in the soil. Smaller seeds are more easily incorporated, moved to deeper soil layers and persist longer...
October 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Characteristics of macrophytes in the Lubigi Wetland in Uganda
The Lubigi wetland, which is located in the north-western part of Kampala, the capital city of Uganda has been severely strained from anthropogenic encroachment and activities. These activities include harvesting of Cyperus papyrus and other plants, land filling for reclamation, human settlements and disposal of wastewater into the wetland among others. As a result of these anthropogenic activities, the macrophytes...
October 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Resource partitioning among sympatric species of primates at Kakum Conservation Area, Ghana
We investigated how four primate species in Kakum Conservation Area (KCA) coexisted after logging shrunk their feeding resources. We used multivariate discriminant function analysis to determine whether feeding sites and food types could discriminate them. Results showed that lower canopy discriminated Cercopithecus mona and Cercopithecus petaurista; middle canopy, C. petaurista and Procolobus verus,; upper canopy, P....
October 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Spatial variation in diversity of woody vegetation species within Kwara State University Malete campus, Kwara, Nigeria
The roles of woody vegetations and Africa savanna in human development and survival as attracted interest in their conservation to prevent the depletion or loss of those resources. However, there is need for accurate data on species composition, distribution and conservation of woody species in many parts of Africa for adequate planning, monitoring, management and conservation efforts. This study assessed woody species...
October 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Butterfly species composition and diversity in a protected area of Karnataka, India
Field investigations were made to record the diversity of butterflies at six forest ranges in Nagarahole National Park (NNP), Karnataka during 2014 to 2015. 138 butterfly species were recorded from 94 genera, which belong to five families such as Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, and Pieridae. Species composition varied significantly (F = 93.85; P < 0.05) among forest ranges in NNP; 113 butterfly...
October 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Determinants of revegetation on landslide scars in an agro-based socio-ecological system in
Bududa, Uganda
Landslides cause displacement or loss of plant cover, soil and other materials on slopes. Exposure of soil accelerates erosion processes thus contributing to stream sedimentation. Though playing a crucial role in stabilising scars there is limited understanding of the plant species colonisation process. This study aimed at examining the determinants and status of plant revegetation on a recent landslide scar in Bududa...
October 2018
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Comparative performance of farming practices in terms of carbon sequestration potential of mulberry and soil organic carbon stock
Experimentation under the study at Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Berhampore (West Bengal, India) was laid out in RBD comprising of seven treatments replicated thrice. The treatments consist of six different farming practices along with a fallow. Mulberry variety, S 1635, spaced at 60 x 60 cm was subjected to those farming practices under irrigated Gangetic alluvial soil. Three years’ field...
October 2018
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Climate Change Effect and Adaptation Measures on Selected Soil Properties
Soil sustainability in climate changing trends is critical to address future food security and safety. This study investigated the effect of air and soil temperature on some selected soil properties. The impact of soil conditioning with composted organic wastes on the temperature effect was also assessed. Four different chambers were set up using electrical bulbs of 60, 100, 200, and 300 W given air temperature ranges...
October 2018
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Mapping soil terrain resources and descriptions of agro-ecological zone in Dawuro and Gamo Gofa zones in south-western Ethiopia
This study aims to identify and delineate land resources including soil, water and terrain resources, and major river basins, with demographic data and agro-ecological zone classification of general climatic conditions and vegetation characteristics of Gamo Gofa and Dawuro zones in South-western Ethiopia. Metadata source and visual assessment were used for this purpose. Agroecology zone classification is based on...
October 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Investigating risk factors associated with the persistence of malaria in the Obang valley, North West Region, Cameroon
Malaria interventions - vector control using long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) or indoor residual spraying, chemoprevention and case management including diagnosis and treatment of infections - are highly effective and affordable. These interventions have led to a significant reduction in malaria prevalence, and a marked decline in morbidity and mortality associated. Despite these increasing control efforts, this...
Page 1 of 1138, showing 50 records out of 56889 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
