Articles
Page 1 of 1159, showing 50 records out of 57933 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
June 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
A 50-year review on heavy metal pollution in the environment: Bivalves as bio-monitors
There has been a steady increase in the quantity and diversity of discharges that reach aquatic environment, both organic and inorganic, either synthesized or mobilized by man as a result of high population growth and development activities. This has led to the appearance of several types of pollution. Inland and coastal waters have been the most affected, since most major cities are located near water bodies....
June 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Rural households’ access to water resources under climate impacts based on field evidence in Tigray Region, Ethiopia
The climatic condition in Ethiopia is semi-arid and this has implications especially for rural communities in the country that are largely dependent on surface water. In water scarce areas across four districts in the Tigray region, a survey of 595 households was carried out, and two shared dialogue workshops was held. In this study, the following issues were examined: (i) Access to water in relation to sources,...
June 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Impacts of soil and water conservation practices on livelihood: The case of watershed in Gambela region, Ethiopia
In this study, multistage sampling technique was used. 132 households were selected out of 2,943 households in three sampled kebeles (the lowest administrative structure in Ethiopia) of Godere Woreda (Woreda is administrative structure above Kebele). Household-based interview, key informants interview (KII) and transect walk were used in order to collect data. Practiced households have harvested an average of 44.74...
June 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Partial purification of invertase from Momordica charantia (bitter melon) by three phase partitioning (TPP) method
The single step three-phase partitioning (TPP) method was evaluated for the purification of invertase from Momordica charantia. Optimum conditions for TPP method, that is, 70% ammonium sulfate saturation, 1:0.5 t-butanol ratio and 30 min incubation time lead to 20.28% efficiency and 10.48 fold partial purification. Total protein decreased from 34.86 mg to 0.68 mg in the homogenate, and the specific activity of the...
June 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Cadmium-induced toxicity and antioxidant enzyme responses in tissues and organs of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Juveniles of Clarias gariepinus were exposed to different concentrations of cadmium chloride for 96 h under laboratory conditions using static bioassays with continuous aeration to determine its mean lethal concentration (LC50), biochemical alterations, bioaccumulation and histological pattern in a sub-lethal toxicity test. The median lethal concentration (LC50) at the end of the acute toxicity was 120.2 mgL-1. Also the...
June 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Assessment of heavy metals [As, Cu, Zn] from boreholes in the Western Region of Ghana
Ground water is the source of drinking water for many people around the world, especially in rural areas. A lot of parameters such as the concentrations of Arsenic, Copper, Zinc and other heavy metals in conjunction with other physico-chemical properties contribute to the suitability of water for drinking and for other purposes. This study was carried out in the Bibiani-Anhwiaso-Bekwai District of the Western region of...
June 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Association and variation on boll and seed morphology among hybrids between linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and Linum bienne Mill. and their parents
Linseed is the only cultivated species from the genus Linum and selection is the most frequently used method to develop varieties from the crop resulting in the reduction of the genetic diversity. Linum bienne Mill. is genetically more diverse than linseed and produces fertile hybrids with linseed. The author aimed for the development of hybrids with new combinations of genes useful for variety development programme....
June 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Adaptability and yield stability of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties studied using GGE-biplot analysis in the highland environments of South-western Ethiopia
The objectives of this study were to evaluate released Ethiopian bread wheat varieties for yield stability using the GGE biplot method and identify well adapted and high-yielding genotypes for the highland environments of South-western Ethiopia. Twenty five varieties were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Dedo and Gomma during the main cropping season of 2016 and at Dedo,...
June 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Determination of concentration of heavy metals in ginger using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy
Concentrations of four heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb) in two ginger varieties were determined using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) with wet acidic digestion methods. Results showed that the concentration of zinc is 0.86 to 1.17 mg/kg in Hargama and 0.63 to 0.87 mg/kg in Bolbo varieties. The concentration of nickel for Hargama and Bolbo are 0.15 to 0.18 and 0.17 to 0.21 mg/kg, respectively. Zinc...
June 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Genetic diversity, variability and characterization of the agro-morphological traits of Northern Ghana Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima) accessions
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima), a bast fibre crop adapted to the warm climate of Northern Ghana, offers a great economic potential not yet explored for lack of information on its distribution, collection, and genetic diversity. Little variability is reported in exotic genotypes to merit trait improvement. The objective of this study is to investigate distribution and diversity in roselle of Northern Ghana....
June 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Farmers’ perceptions of the effectiveness of strategies for managing wildlife crop depredation in Ghana
Wildlife crop depredation represents a serious human-wildlife conflict around protected areas globally. It undermines farming livelihoods and local support for long-term conservation. Though studies have focused on different aspects such as the economics, spatiotemporal and vulnerability of farms to crop depredation, little attention has been given to the farmers’ evaluation of the effectiveness of the strategies...
June 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Species’ composition and relative abundance of Lakeshore bird species around Lake Hawassa, Ethiopia
Ecological investigation of species diversity and relative abundance of birds was conducted from January to September 2017 at the shoreline of Lake Hawassa, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Three habitats namely-Tikurwuha wetland, Human settlement and Farmland were identified for the study. A total of 60 bird species under 14 orders and 37 families were identified. In general, 2720 individuals of 81 species of birds were recorded...
May 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Some internal and external egg quality characteristics of local and exotic chickens reared in Yirgalem and Hawassa towns, Ethiopia
Analyzing eggs quality is so important for both consumers and for coming new chicks. Total of 300 eggs (100 eggs from each native, Sasso and Bovans brown) chicken were collected during winter of 2017 to evaluate some egg quality parameters of chickens reared at Yirgalem and Hawassa towns of Southern Ethiopia. The eggs were purchased from the householders and each egg was carefully broken on a glass sheet, and was...
May 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Socio-economic perception of snail meat consumption in Fako division, south-west region Cameroon
Cameroon south-west region offers favorable climatic conditions for survival of land snails whose meat is known for their nutritional benefits. Besides, conventional livestock (beef, chicken, etc.) cannot satisfy the high demand in Cameroon. Hence, snail meat could be suitable alternative source of protein. Therefore, this article investigated the perception and identified the main determinants of land snail meat...
May 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Environmental assessment of tropical African mahogany (Khaya)
In this study, life cycle assessment (LCIA) was used for the assessment and evaluation of the environmental performance of the Khaya lumber manufactured by three firms in Ghana. The work mainly aims to assess all possible effects to the environment, measure the carbon footprint for Ghana Khaya lumber and offer an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for Ghana Khaya lumber. The results show that the average...
May 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Assessment of drinking water quality at Dodowa in the Dangbe West district of the Greater-Accra
region, Ghana
Dodowa serves as a major peri-urban community close to the Accra Metropolis with increasing population, urbanization and settlements. Lack of access to basic infrastructural facilities including water and sanitation has hampered the development of the community. Dodowa has irregular access to pipe-borne water therefore the community resorts to other means of getting potable water. It is against this background that this...
May 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
An assessment of the contribution of fluvial sediment discharge to coastal stability: A case study of Western Region of Ghana
Fluvial sediment discharge to coastal area contributes to the stability of the coast. Deposition of fluvial sediment discharge is an important source of beach nourishment, nutrient for aquatic ecology and habitats. However, human development and interventions on rivers in the form of dams and flood alleviation schemes tend to reduce fluvial sediment supply to the coast, thus impacting on coastal stability and...
May 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Innovative pathways for enhancing climate change and variability resilience among agro-pastoral communities in semi-arid areas of Kiteto and Kilindi Districts, Tanzania
Climate change and variability threatens food security globally making life uncertain mostly for agro-pastoral communities in semi-arid areas. This has necessitated exploration of designed pathways with potentials to increase resilience among agro-pastoralists. This work investigates agro-pastoralists’ innovative pathways for enhancing resilience to the impacts of climate change and variability in Kiteto and...
May 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
‘You should be slaughtered!’ Experiences of criticism/hate speech, motives and strategies among German-speaking livestock farmers using social media
Livestock farmers are advised to engage in direct dialogue with consumers. However, attempts to communicate in this way e.g. by farmers using social media have received little academic attention. The present article, based on an online questionnaire conducted in the summer of 2018, provides an explorative insight into the motives, strategies and experiences of criticism of German-speaking livestock farmers with a...
May 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Value chain analysis of fruits: The case of mango and avocado producing smallholder farmers in
Gurage Zone, Ethiopia
The study was aimed to analyze avocado and mango value chains actors and identify factors that determine avocado and mango market supply in the selected area of Gurage zone. A total of 259 avocado and mango producers were selected through three-stage sampling technique and 151 traders from different level were used to collect primary data using questionnaire and semi-structured interview. Descriptive and econometrics...
May 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of intensity of uptake of alternative pest control methods: A case of small- scale tomato farmers in Kenya
Inappropriate use of chemical pesticide in horticultural production is an emerging problem causing undesirable human health and environmental effects in developing countries including Kenya. Thus, objective of this study is to evaluate the determinants of the intensity of uptake of alternative pest control methods among small-scale tomato farmers in Nakuru County, Kenya. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select...
May 2019
Journal of Dentistry and Oral Hygiene
Interdisciplinary treatment approaches for cleft lip and palate patients to obtain esthetic and functional results
The aim of this study is to present the importance of interdisciplinary treatment approaches for the patients with clefts. In this study, the treatment of four patients with cleft lip and palate were presented. After the completion of fixed orthodontic treatment, proper overjet and overbite relationships were achieved and to obtain the esthetic and functional results, two of the patients had prosthodontic treatment (one...
May 2019
Journal of Engineering and Technology Research
Application of plasma technology in aerospace vehicles: A review
The galactic and solar radiation effects on astronauts in space during manned-space missions is one of the issues that scientists are dealing with to come up with a reasonable solution to overcome this disaster. Furthermore, in space missions to Mars, Titan, and beyond them, a powerful propulsion system is required. Recently, with the enhancement of technology in plasma generation, scientists are trying to design and...
May 2019
Journal of Physiology and Pathophysiology
Carpolobia lutea methanol root extract reinstates androgenesis and testicular function in cadmium-challenged rats
Cadmium produces a wide range of biological dysfunctions in human and laboratory animals where it chiefly affects the testes, whereas, Carpolobia lutea has been known to have antioxidant benefits. This study was intended to investigate the effects of Carpolobia lutea root extracts on testicular hormone function in cadmium-challenged male rats. 48 male Wistar rats (170-190 g) were divided into six groups, each containing...
May 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Genetic relationships among regenerated tall coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) accessions from multivariate analyses using reliable short list of morphological descriptors in Côte d’Ivoire.
Genetic relationships among 18 regenerated tall coconut accessions from International Coconut Genebank for Africa and Indian Ocean (ICG-AIO) located at Côte d’Ivoire were studied. Analyses were achieved from 17 quantitative characters of the reliable minimal list of agro-morphological descriptors for coconut proposed by Coconut Genetic Resources Network (COGENT) in 2007. From achieved Multivariate Analyses...
May 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Evaluation of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation for agronomic and yield components in common bean landraces from South western Kenya
The present study was conducted to estimate the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and association among selected agronomic traits of common bean landraces from South western Kenya. The field experiment was conducted using 52 common bean landraces at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Kisii Research Center during 2015 and 2016 main cropping seasons. The experimental...
May 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Control of some Penicillium and Aspergillus rots of Discorea alata Poir and Discorea rotundata L. using extracts of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal.) Linn. and Syzygium aromaticum (Linn.) Merr.
The antimicrobial activities of Xylopia aethiopica and Syzygium aromaticum extracts on fungi associated with rotting white and water yam was investigated. Diseased and healthy yam species of Dioscorea spp. were obtained from some markets. Fungal isolation was done from the samples using standard procedures. Leaves and fruits of X. aethiopica and S. aromaticum were obtained from the botanical garden, University of...
May 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Combining ability of highland adapted maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for grain yield and yield related traits under optimum and low nitrogen conditions
Maize is staple cereal crop in Ethiopia despite the fact that its production is constrained by nitrogen deficiency due to the high cost of fertilizer, and risks of drought. Therefore, development of maize varieties for low nitrogen might be one of the options to overcome the problem. The objective of this study was to estimate combining ability of highland maize inbred lines for yield and yield related traits under low...
May 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Immunomodulatory effects of cement in exposed workers
This study was conducted to assess the immunomodulatory potentials [immunoglobulin E (IgE), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)] of cement dust in individuals occupationally exposed to cement. Potentials of cement particles to modulate immune responses have not been documented in occupationally exposed Nigerians. Twenty-nine male cement loaders who had direct exposure to cement...
May 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Phytochemical, acute and subacute toxicity studies of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae) root wood extracts
Considered safe because being from natural origin, plant products can exhibit toxic effects during their use. To ensure safe use of Annona senegalensis Pers. (Annonaceae), plant widely used for its therapeutic potential, the phytochemical and safety profiles of its root wood were investigated. Standard tube characterization tests were used to highlight phytochemical groups of root wood of the plant. Acute and subacute...
May 2019
Journal of Accounting and Taxation
Expectation – performance of internal auditors: Examining views from Ghana
The study examines the audit expectation-performance gap from the standpoint of the internal audit function from the perspective of a developing economy. It evaluates the audit expectation-performance gap from the perspective of internal audit with the view to providing useful insights, interesting dimensions and innovative perspectives to the Audit Expectation Gap (AEG) debate. A questionnaire survey method was used to...
May 2019
Journal of Accounting and Taxation
Effect of tax incentives on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Rwanda: A case study of SMEs in Nyarugenge district
The study analyzes the effect of tax incentive on the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Rwanda taking SMEs in Nyarugenge as a case study. Qualitative and quantitative research approach was adopted. The population includes 49000 SMEs from agricultural, industrial, services and tourism sectors operating in Nyarugenge district. A sample of 136 SMEs was determined using Silovin and Yemen’s formula...
May 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Diversity and floristic composition of rural and sub-urban home garden in Wadera district of Oromia region, Ethiopia
This study was conducted in Wadera district of Oromia region in Ethiopia, with the objective of quantifying the diversity and floristic composition of home garden agroforestry systems. A stratified random sampling design was used to select 132 sample home gardens and a detailed inspection was conducted on diversity and floristic composition of the plant species using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou’s...
May 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Phytosociological survey of environmental park in Antonio Danubio municipality of Ananindeua, Para, Brazil
This article reports the floristic and phytosociology of a solid ground forest, located in the Environmental Park Antonio Danubio Lourenço da Silva, municipality of Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil. The inventory of 1 ha considered individuals with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 10 cm, allocated twenty plots in each field, all of size 20 m x 25 m (500 m2) arranged randomly. A total of 239 plants was...
May 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Schoolchildren as informants about bushmeat consumption in Western Serengeti, Tanzania
Bushmeat contributes to household food security in Western Serengeti, particularly for low-income families who are unable to afford more expensive meat sources. However, as the human population grows, bushmeat demand is increasingly unsustainable. Formulating effective policies to reduce illegal bushmeat hunting in Serengeti National Park (SNP), requires information about the contribution of bushmeat to household meat...
May 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of household transition into and out of poverty in Benin
This study tries to determine the differentiated factors of households’ transition to poverty in Benin. It was carried out on a sample of 6424 households making up data from the integrated modular survey on household living conditions. Descriptive analysis and econometric modeling as Stata 12 was used. From the results of this study, it appears that the geographical location of households in cotton and rice fields...
May 2019
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences
Spatial distribution and operations of petrol stations in the Kassena-Nankana district (Ghana) and associated health and safety hazards
This study was conducted in Paga to assess the spatial distribution and operations of petrol stations and the associated health and safety hazards. Coordinates of the stations and the distances between them and the nearest residences were elicited and analysed using a GPS and ArcGIS software. Distances between fuel stations’ boundaries and the middle of the N10 highway and the distances between filling...
May 2019
Journal of Philosophy and Culture
Can there be an African logic?
Since the myriads of questions and keen debates concerning the existence or otherwise of African philosophy have been defused and now become obsolete, some thinkers are poised to argue for contextual or African peculiar perspective of the various branches of philosophy, including logic. The preoccupation in this study is to make an inquiry into whether logic is culture bound or contextualizable, and, by extension,...
May 2019
Journal of Philosophy and Culture
African systems of thought: Whether they fit scientific knowledge
This paper aims to show that in Africa there are thought systems that can have equivalent value with the scientific practices in the Western paradigmal system though it is not itself paradigmal. The Western thought system by its nature is exclusive for other traditions of scientific practice by its claim that science is deeply rational, universal and methodological. African scientific practices actually lack this method...
May 2019
Journal of Land Management and Appraisal
Comparative analysis of risks and returns on residential property sub-market in Lagos: Case study of 1004 Estate
The study appraised the viability of investing in residential real estate submarket in Lagos State, using the apartments in 1004 Estate as case study with a view to providing a guide for investors and portfolio managers on investment decision-making in Lagos. Lagos, a mega city being a point of attraction to real estate investors makes it necessary to undertake real estate investment performance evaluation. To achieve...
May 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Challenges and contributions of informal finance to the livelihoods of rural households in Gamo Gofa
Zone, Ethiopia
This study was to identify challenges and contribution of informal financial services on rural households’ livelihood in selected Woredas of Gamo Gofa Zone. A multistage sampling technique was employed. Primary data on households’ motives, challenges and contribution of informal financial services were collected from household heads and focus group discussants. The collected data were analysed using...
May 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Climate change, food insecurity and household adaptation mechanisms in Amaro Ward, Southern Region of Ethiopia
Climate change poses an increasing risk to the agricultural sector and the dynamics that underpin food security. It is one of the main driving forces of the current food insecurity problem in Ethiopia and in Amaro ward in particular. The objectives of this study were to: Examine the current household food security situation in Amaro ward of Ethiopia; identify the adaptation mechanisms deployed by residents of the ward...
May 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Field performance of shrunken-2 super-sweet corn populations derived from tropical field maize × shrunken-2 super-sweet corn crosses in Ibadan, Nigeria
The conversion of tropical field corn genotypes into sweet corn could broaden the genetic base and improve yield and adaptation of sweet corn varieties. In this study, the performance of shrunken-2 (sh2) super-sweet corn populations derived from crosses between a sh2 population and tropical field corn genotypes were evaluated in Ibadan. Experiments were conducted using randomised complete block design with three...
May 2019
Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment
Deforestation impact on ecosystem services in Kamfinsa sub-catchment of Kafue River Basin in Zambia
Forests are important in the lives of local communities as they provide poles for construction, wood fuel for cooking, help reduce soil erosion and provide various foods and medicines due to biodiversity. Most local communities depend on forests in supplementing their livelihoods. At the moment, forests are being lost and it is important to understand the impacts of the lost. Therefore, the objective of the study was to...
May 2019
Medical Case Studies
Interventions in women with one blocked oviduct, lessons learnt and recommendations: A case report
Women can still conceive naturally or through in vitro fertilization (IVF) with the one oviduct that is properly functioning if only one oviduct is blocked, however, the chances are decreased particularly if the blockage is close to the ovary (hydrosalpinx) because of wash out phenomena and toxic fluid produced by the fallopian tube that is blocked. In situations where only a single tube has hydrosalpinx specialists...
May 2019
Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment
Spatio-temporal variations in water and sediment parameters of Abule Agege, Abule Eledu, Ogbe, creeks adjoining Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria
Lagos lagoon is known to be highly contaminated due to the increase in human population, industries and influx of contaminants from adjoining creeks. The degree of this contamination can be affected by the seasonal variations in time and space. The spatio-temporal variations in the hydrochemistry and sediments parameters of three (3) Lagos lagoon’s creeks were investigated for six months (June, 2016 to November,...
May 2019
African Journal of Cellular Pathology
CD34 positive stem cells recovered from cord blood remain viable after six months of cryoprotective storage process
Cord blood can be used as an alternative source for bone marrow transplantation and its use is developing into a new field of treatment for patients presenting with haematological disorders, immunological defects and specific genetic diseases; including haemoglobinopathies. The aim was to assess the viability of frozen cord blood as a source of HSC which may be suitable for transplantation. Blood specimens were obtained...
May 2019
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Evaluation of quality of antenatal care services in selected healthcare centres of Mumbwa and Lusaka districts of Zambia: Pregnant women’s perspectives
Antenatal care (ANC) has been recommended as a service that can reduce both maternal and newborn mortalities. However, even in areas recording high ANC attendance, there are unevenly high levels of maternal and new born mortalities. Evidence of a weak relationship between ANC use and maternal and newborn survival has motivated recent calls to focus on content and quality of care provided rather than mere ANC attendance....
May 2019
Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research
Strengthening local government through participation and leadership: Bangladesh perspective
Active participation and effective leadership are two accepted substantial objects of a well-functioning local government, without those ingredients, governance of local government intuitions cannot be contented to its founding purpose. Bangladesh, an emerging South Asian economic tiger, has achieved some exemplary development within short time in many fields, is still struggling to establish a strong and vibrant local...
May 2019
African Journal of Political Science and International Relations
Conflicts and insurgency: Barriers to global quality health service for internally displaced persons in the North Eastern Part of Nigeria
Conflicts and insurgencies constitute some of the greatest challenge to societal peace and development. While daily effort are made by government and humanitarian organisations to address the problem of conflicts and insurgency, the absence of quality health service for those affected by conflicts have further amplified the potential for conflicts and human insecurity. The paper examines conflict and insurgency as...
Page 1 of 1159, showing 50 records out of 57933 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
