Articles
Page 1 of 1148, showing 50 records out of 57369 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
February 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Water quality problems, related challenges and their impacts on Ethiopian fishery
The purpose of this review article is to explore the drivers of the water quality problems and associated impacts and mitigation schemes of the fishes and fisheries in Ethiopia. Data were obtained from both published and unpublished online documents as well as from different Ethiopian universities and institutions. The country has the potential to produce more fish yield (94, 500 ton/year. The published and unpublished...
February 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Modelling and simulation of atmospheric conditions impact on photovoltaic production in Saint Louis area
In this study, we worked on the modelling and the simulation of atmospheric conditions impact on photovoltaic production in Saint Louis area. Using Ineichen's model based on the disorder factor of Link, an assessment of sunshine in the study area was made. A characterization of the irradiation is elaborated by modelling the radiation and by simulating outputs of a photovoltaic power plant. We can estimate aerosols...
February 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Conditions of available sources of water for domestic use in selected communities in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
The challenges of high quality water for domestic use and particularly for potability must be overcome in its entire ramification for health and ecological environment. The aim of this study is to identify the conditions of domestic water sources in Ado-Ekiti. One water sample was drawn from the two different sources of water, that is, shallow well and Ureje River at Ureje, and two samples from one water source, that...
February 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Waves-waves collide induced by different wind directions caused high exchanged in the water level at the open area Shallow Lake, China
Wind from different directions induce waves-waves to collid at the central zone of Taihu Lake. It causes exchange in water bodies and release of internal nutrients which increases algal bloom. This study aims to analyz the impact of the interactions between waves-waves collision from different directions and different sources such as traveling ships and explored factors, causing sediment resuspension. The results were...
February 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Toxin and toxin-binders affecting the performance, organs, haematology and histological characteristics of broilers fed with infected diets
The potency of four varieties of toxin binders (labeled A, B, C and D) on the physiological status of broiler birds fed with diets infected with aflatoxin was investigated. Six experimental diets were formulated: Diet 1 was infected with aflatoxin without binders, Diets 2 to 5 were infected but binders A, B, C or D were added, while Diet 6 was the control diet without infection. 180 birds were equally and randomly...
February 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Effects of snail offal meal on performance of broiler chickens
The study investigated the effects of inclusion of various levels of snail offal meal (SOM) on the performance of broiler chickens. The study was carried out in the animal farm of the Department of Animal Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka Anambra State. The experiment was designed on a 4×3 Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four dietary treatments having 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5% inclusion of SOM over a...
February 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Major causes of chicken mortality in and around Hawassa City, Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia
A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018, to assess major causes of chicken mortality and identifying parasite types in and around Hawassa city, Southern Ethiopia. One hundred sixty respondents were selected using multistage sampling technique. Questionnaire and laboratory data were analyzed using STATA version 14. Among the respondents 34% kept their chicken extensively while 52 and 14%...
February 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Effects of sources of dietary protein supplemented to oat-vetch hay mixture on milk yield and milk composition of crossbred dairy cows
The experiment was conducted in Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center with the objective of evaluating the effects of sources of dietary protein supplemented to oat-vetch mixture hay on milk yield, milk composition and profitability in lactating crossbred dairy cows. Four high grade cross bred (Holstein Friesian × Boran) dairy cows with similar lactation stage (mid lactation) and parity were used. The...
February 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Urban poultry production systems and constraints of local and exotic chickens reared in Yirgalem and Hawassa Towns, Ethiopia
Rearing of chicken plays important roles on both the rural and urban economy of Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess urban poultry production system and productive performance of local and exotic chickens reared at Yirgalem and Hawassa towns of Southern Ethiopia. Stepwise purposive sampling method followed by random sampling was used to select the respondents. In total, 180 respondents were selected based on...
January 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Biodegradation of pyrene by a mixed culture isolated from hydrocarbon-polluted soil
This paper presents the biodegradation of pyrene (C16H10), a four-benzene-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) using a mixed culture of bacteria. The mixed culture was enriched from hydrocarbon-polluted soil sample, using a plate incubated with a thin film of pyrene. The isolates were identified biochemically as Bacillus cereus and Enterobacter aerogenes. The mixed culture bacteria degraded approximately 90% of...
January 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
An assessment of total petroleum hydrocarbon and trace metal concentration in the sediments of Ugbo water way, South western Nigeria
Sediment samples from Ugbo water way, South Western Nigeria were assessed for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and trace metal concentrations. Seven sampling stations were selected and one control station. Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in the sediment samples was determined using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionisation Detector (GC-FID) while trace metal concentrations were determined with Atomic Absorption...
January 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Sustainability of Chiredzi town water supply and wastewater management in Zimbabwe
Urban water supply and sewage coverage in Zimbabwe is currently estimated at 78 and 73%, respectively with unserved population relying on boreholes and pit latrines. However, no study has been conducted to assess how small towns, such as Chiredzi, are sustaining their systems despite limited funding from the Government. A study was carried out to assess the sustainability of Chiredzi town water supply and wastewater...
January 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Exploratory study of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) contributions to household air pollution arising from improved cookstove use in rural Malawi
Around three million premature deaths annually are ascribed to household air pollution (HAP) arising from inefficient burning of biomass and emissions of products of incomplete combustion. The developing-world response has been widespread adoption of improved cookstove (ICS) technologies. This exploratory study evaluates variation in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) attached to inhalable particulate matter (PM) in...
January 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Understanding nexuses between precipitation changes and climate change and variability in semi-arid lowlands of Mwanga District, Tanzania
Contextually, precipitation fluctuated due to climate variability and evolved due to emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases and land-use changes since the industrial revolution in the 1880s. However, some studies problematize that there is little understanding of nexuses between precipitation changes and climate change and variability in tropical Africa. Therefore, this paper sought to assess such linkages in...
January 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Development and screening of cowpea recombinant inbred lines for seedling drought tolerance
The use of multiple traits for drought study affirms the complexity of drought tolerance in cowpea. Despite the availability of several traits for drought tolerance evaluation, the rapid screening technique used by many scientists for seedling drought in wooden boxes is the simplest method for screening large populations. The objective of this study was to select drought tolerant cowpea recombinant lines developed from...
January 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Evaluation of the parental and hybrid lines- Heterosis and other genetic parameters among Capsicum annuum genotypes and their hybrids
In most parts of the world pepper has become a popular spice that makes food hot in addition to its much needed nutrients of carotenoids and vitamins. This report has its objective to evaluate the parents and hybrid of three Nigerian pepper genotypes (Shombo, Tatase and Nsukka yellow pepper) for growth and yield; and to estimate their genetic parameters. Conventional breeding by hand pollination was adopted. The mean...
January 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Genetic action and potence ratio of maize in an 8×8 diallel cross growing under saline condition
Twenty-eight hybrids of Zea mays L. produced in 2015-16 from 8×8 half diallel mating design were evaluated along with their parents in 2016-2017 under saline condition to find out genetic action and potency ratio of some agronomic and yield contributing traits. Genetic action and potency ratio were analyzed following Hayman’s diallel analyses and Smith’s formula, respectively. Genetic parameter like...
January 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Anther-derived callus induction based on culture medium, myo-inositol, AgNO3 and Fe-EDTA in ‘Seolhyang’ strawberries
Haploid breeding is an effective method of shortening the breeding period of plants. In this study, to develop a haploid breeding technique, optimum conditions of the culture medium were investigated for anther-derived callus induction in the strawberry cultivar Seolhyang. The effects of the culture medium type, myo-inositol, auxin and cytokinin combination treatment, silver nitrate (AgNO3), and ferric...
January 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
The effect of physical feed restriction during the starter period on broilers’ performance
An experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design to study the effect of physical feed restriction on broilers’ performance during the starter period. Two hundred and forty one-day-old unsexed (Hubbard) broiler chicks were randomly distributed in six treatments; there were five replicates with eight chicks per a replicate. Treatment A: fed ad libitum (control). Restricted groups were restricted...
January 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Determination of body weight from morphometric characteristics of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) reared in southern Benin
In animal production, body weight is an important parameter for management, health and marketing decisions. This study is undertaken to determine the relationships between body weight and linear body measurements of guinea pigs. 120 guinea pigs (60 males and 60 females) were used. Body weight (BW), head-body length (HBL), chest circumference (CC), head circumference (HC), neck circumference (NC), left hind foot length...
January 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Analysis of livelihood diversification practice to promote rural households’ food security: The case of Hawassa Zuria District of Sidama Zone, Ethiopia
The livelihood diversification increases sources of income and smoothens consumption by promoting rural food security. In Ethiopia little attention has been given to livelihood diversification and the numerous factors that determine the abilities of rural household‘s choice of different livelihood activities. Thus, the objective of this study is to generate location specific data regarding the livelihood...
January 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Poverty analysis of cassava farming households in Osun State
The study examined the poverty status as well as analysed the factors affecting poverty profile of cassava farming households in Osun State. Primary data were obtained from 180 cassava farmers by multistage random sampling with the aid of well-structured questionnaire and interview schedule. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer Thorbecke index and Tobit regression model. The results of...
January 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of agricultural technology adoption: Farm household’s evidence from Niger
This paper investigates the determinants of agricultural technology adoption decisions taken by Nigerian farm households such as improved seeds, inorganic fertilizers and plant protection products. We use the multinomial probit model on cross-sectional data of 1395 farm households that are representative of farm household in Niger. According to the type of agricultural technology, the results showed that agricultural...
January 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Prevalence of bovine mastitis, risk factors, isolation and anti-bio gram of major pathogens in Mid Rift
valley, Ethiopia
Cross-sectional study design was implemented in Alage dairy farm to determine the overall prevalence of mastitis, its causative agents, susceptibility patterns and risk factors associated with it. A total of 111 milking dairy cows and 444 quarters were examined. Overall prevalence of mastitis at cow and quarter levels were 73 and 37%, respectively. Coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS) (37.7%) followed by...
January 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens in Gena Bossa District of Dawro Zone, Ethiopia
This study was conducted in Gena Bossa district with the objective of assessing the productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens. Multistage stratified purposive and random sampling methods were used and a total of 138 households were interviewed in the study area. Fifteen, fifty four and sixty nine farmers selected for interviews from highland, midland and lowland agro-ecologies, respectively. From...
January 2019
International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies
Determining the effect of reducing procrastination tendency on the academic achievement in physics course
In this research, the effect of reducing procrastination tendency on the academic achievement of pre-service science teachers in the physics course was investigated. In this, a quasi-experimental research design was used, which included the experimental and control groups. Each group consisted of 35 pre-service science teachers. Both groups were taught a physics course at the undergraduate level by the same lecturer....
January 2019
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal nematodes infection in sheep and goats in semi-intensively managed farm, South Ethiopia
January 2019
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
The neglected welfare statue of working donkeys in Ethiopia: The case of Dale district in Southern Ethiopia
A cross sectional study was conducted on A total of 246 working donkeys from October 2015 to May 2016 with the objectives of assessing the welfare problem and harness related wound in dale district of Sidama Zone. The data were collected using direct (animal-based, using the hand tool) and indirect (owners resource-based, through questionnaire survey) methods. Indirect data was collected on the working management of...
January 2019
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Assessment of stomach contents of Oreochromis niloticus from the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria
Fish sustainability in an aquatic environment involves continuous and judicious management towards optimum production of resources, for rational utilization and availability for future generation. Stomach composition of Oreochromis niloticus collected from a tropical brackish water environment was investigated to assess food availability towards optimum fish productivity for rational public utilization. Oreochromis...
January 2019
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Assessment of the fishery, challenges and opportunities of Denbi reservoir in Bench Maji Zone, South Western part of Ethiopia
The study was conducted to assess the fishery, challenges and opportunities in Denbi reservoir, Ethiopia. Interview, focus group discussion and personal observations were used to generate data. Response was solicited from households within the catchment area of the reservoir, key informants, elders, workers of the reservoir and fishery cooperative members. The data was analyzed by combining quantitative, qualitative...
January 2019
Journal of Horticulture and Forestry
Evaluation of morphological diversity of tamarind (Tamarindus indica) accessions from Eastern parts
of Kenya
Tamarind is native to tropical parts of Africa and Asia. It shows considerable phenotypic variation in morphological and horticultural traits that can be utilized in its genetic improvement. In Kenya, there exists a wide range of tamarind germplasm that has not been characterized. Initial characterization is based on morphological descriptors. The objective of this study is to evaluate morphological diversity of...
January 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among high and preparatory school youth, East Wollega, Ethiopia, 2017: A cross-sectional study design
Most of the sexual initiation and sexual practice of the youth begins at secondary school level. At this stage student assumed to be exposed to many risky sexual behaviors. However, little research had been explored in the Oromia region particularly in East Wollega zone on this area. A cross-sectional study design was used to assess risky sexual behavior and associated factors among high school and preparatory school...
January 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Proper utilization of long lasting treated net and associated factors at Zuway Dugda district,
Arsi zone, Ethiopia
Insecticide-treated net is one of the main malaria control strategies reducing its incidence by half. This study measured proper utilization of insecticide-treated nets in the study area. To assess proper utilization of insecticide treated net and determinants among households of Zuway Dugda district, Ethiopia. Community based cross-sectional multistage study conducted using structured questionnaire via interview and...
January 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Barriers of palliative care practice among health care providers: In case of Jimma town, south west Ethiopia
Globally, palliative care is an urgent humanitarian need for patients with cancer and other chronic disease. Currently, it is estimated that only one in ten people who need palliative care receive it. Therefore, this study is aimed to identify barriers preventing people from using the service. Institutional based qualitative case study was conducted among twenty- seven purposively selected health care providers. Two...
January 2019
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Phytochemical investigation and assessment of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of Sudanese Citrus paradisi peel extract
The peel of grape fruit is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of peel extract from Citrus paradisi. Qualitative phytochemical screening of peel indicates the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, triterpenes, tannins, saponins, coumarins, glycosides, reducing sugars,...
January 2019
Journal of Petroleum and Gas Engineering
Analysis of shaly sand reservoir rocks in the eastern Niger Delta Basin using geophysical well logs
Shales in the reservoir causes complications for the petrophysicist because they generally are conductive and mask the high resistance characteristic of hydrocarbons. Data from a suite of well logs were used to estimate the effect of reservoir shaliness on petrophysical parameters of some reservoir rocks of the eastern Niger Delta Basin. The log section was digitized using Neuralog software. Delineation of the...
January 2019
International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering
Potential contaminant runoff from California’s dairy concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs): A geospatial analysis
Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) contain large quantities of dairy cows and therefore have the potential to contribute significant amounts of harmful waste products to the environment. Although previous studies have used geospatial tools to assess potential contaminant runoff, the results from these studies are dependent on the unique geographical characteristics of specific regions. This study...
January 2019
Journal of Dryland Agriculture
Participatory evaluation of maize varieties for the management of maize gray leaf spot disease (Cercospora zeae maydis) at Gondar Zuria district, northwest Ethiopia
Gray leaf spot is one of the major constraints of maize production in Ethiopia where warm humid environmental condition is prevailing. A field experiment was conducted in Gondar zuria district of western Ethiopia during 2016/17 and 2017/18 cropping season with the aim to evaluate effective maize varieties for the management of maize gray leaf spot disease. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design...
January 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Immunization coverage of 12 to 23 months old children in Ethiopia
Vaccine preventable diseases are the major global health problem which contributes to morbidity and mortality of less than 5 years child population. But, the immunization coverage worldwide is below the target. Therefore, the study was aimed at immunization coverage of 12 to 23 months old children in Areka Town, Sothern Ethiopia. A community based cross-sectional study conducted from 10th March to 19th June 19, 2016 in...
January 2019
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Adoption of soil conservation practices through knowledge governance: the Mexican experience
Top-down and centralized soil conservation programs have caused low adoption of sustainable practices. The adoption is a multistage and adaptive process that relies on the management of local knowledge. The results of 61 surveys were analyzed in order to systematize experiences of soil knowledge governance involving social organizations and farmers. Soil knowledge governance was done mainly through the sharing of...
January 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Effect of particle size of selected composite spices on storability of fried meat
Meat is a good source of many nutrients and protein in the human diet. In this study, strips of marinated beef were deep fried in oil, packaged and stored under three storage conditions. The study was carried out to determine the proximate composition, oxidative and microbial stability of meat sample marinated with spices of different particle sizes (250, 300 and 500 μm). The untreated sample was compared with...
January 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Assessment of exposure to staphylococcal enterotoxins genes by consumption of ready to consume milk products in milk shop outlets in
Mbeya, Tanzania
This study assessed the exposure of humans to Staphylococcus species expressing the Enterotoxins genes (SEs) through consumption of boiled-milk-served-hot and fermented milk in Mbeya, Tanzania. A survey involving 120 consumers revealed that 67.5% of the respondents were buying raw milk from milk shops for home consumption. About 76% of respondents boiled milk before consumption, 14.8% ferment the milk after boiling and...
January 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Assessment of woody species in agroforestry systems around Jimma Town, Southwestern Ethiopia
Woody species are the major components of traditional agroforestry systems. These species vary across the different types of agroforestry practices in different parts of Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess woody species across land use in three different sites around Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia. A total of 100 plots were laid out on six transect lines with sample plot size of 25 m × 25 m for 20 plots...
January 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
The dynamics of medicinal plants utilization practice nexus its health and economic role in Ethiopia: A review paper
Medicinal plants play important roles in human and animals disease treatment. 1000 medicinal plant species are identified and reported in the Ethiopian Flora. They contribute and is more preferable for new drug development. Ethiopia has the potential to become an important source country, given the diversity of plants and the rich traditional knowledge regarding their use. The main sources of medicinal plants for...
January 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Impacts of human activities on wildlife: The case of Nile Lechwe (Kobus megaceros) Gambella National Park, Southwest Ethiopia
Assessing human-induced threatening factors to wildlife is the basis in determining and proposing appropriate conservation measures. The present study was conducted to assess impacts of human activities on wildlife in Gambella National Park, Southwest of Ethiopia, from October 2015 to March 2016, focusing on the case of Nile Lechwe (Kobus megaceros). The data in this study were gathered using questionnaires with...
January 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
On farm diversity of barley landraces in North Western Ethiopia
Barley is one of the major cereal crops grown in Ethiopia. The diversity of barley landraces kept for generations in Ethiopia is nowadays subject to genetic erosion. This is true in North Gondar highlands of the country as well. This research was therefore initiated with the aim of studying the farm diversity status of barley landraces in Debark, Dabat and Wogera districts. A total of 180 randomly selected farmers from...
January 2019
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Ecological distribution, diversity and use of the genus Digitaria Haller (Poaceae) in Senegal
The genus Digitaria Haller is one of the most important of grass flora of Senegal by both its specific richness and the socio-economic value of its species. Despite this importance, no studies have been done specifically on these species. This study aims, therefore, to document the diversity, distribution, ecology and usefulness of the genus of such species for raising public awareness about botanical, ecological...
January 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Effect of drying on the nutrient and anti- nutrient composition of Bombax buonopozense sepals
Bombax buonopozense is one of the underutilized plants in West African. Most of the parts of this plant are used by some populace in West Africa for medicinal and nutritional purposes while the sepals mostly go waste. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of different drying methods on some nutritional and anti- nutritional composition of fresh and dried sepals of B. buonopozense. The sepals were oven,...
January 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Evaluation of nutritional composition, bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity of Elaeocarpus serratus fruit extract
The species Elaeocarpus serratus is widely used as an ornamental tree and their fruits are still little explored as food. Thus, the objectives of this research were to determine the physical, chemical and antimicrobial properties of E. serratus fruit in order to evaluate its food potential. Therefore, this study evaluated the physical and chemical composition and the antimicrobial activity of E. serratus fruit. The...
January 2019
African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Effects of chemical modification on functional and physical properties of African star apple kernel (Chrysophyllum albidnum) starch
Starch isolated from Chrysophyllum albidnum (African star apple) was subjected to modification by acetylation, carboxymethylation and succinylation process. Chemical modifications effect on functional properties as well as physiochemical parameters of starch was analysed. The percentage yield of native starch was 73.22±0.93%; however the value increased after modifications. The proximate determination of the...
Page 1 of 1148, showing 50 records out of 57369 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
