Assessment of changes in provision of forest ecosystem goods and services and benefit sharing mechanisms in the Ugalla-Masito Ecosystem: A case of Ilagala and Karago villages in Kigoma Region, Tanzania
May 2015
This paper presents results of the assessment of changes in provision of forest ecosystem goods and services in the Ugalla-Masito Ecosystem, using a case study of Ilagala and Karago villages in Kigoma Region, where REDD is being piloted. Various data collection methods were employed. These included focused group discussions, key informants’ interviews, in-depth interviews using structured questionnaires and...
Property rights regimes, resource utilisation and biodiversity conservation in Eastern and Southern Africa
May 2015
Natural resources degradation threatens persistence of biological resources in many parts of Eastern and Southern African regions. In these regions, property rights regimes intractably influence resource utilisation and biodiversity conservation. Hitherto, the underlying causes of varied performances of property rights regimes are rarely collated. Consequently, resource policies are often flawed, resulting in pervasive...
Woody species diversity of Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn traditional agroforests under different land management regimes in Atacora district (Benin, West Africa)
April 2015
Agricultural production in northern Benin is characterized by smallholder traditional agroforestry systems, with on-farm remnant tree species. Among its numerous advantages, agroforestry is known for its valuable contribution to biodiversity conservation. This study quantifies the importance of Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn agroforests in terms of woody species conservation in Atacora district in Benin. Forest...
Invasive alien flora of Jhabua district, Madhya Pradesh, India
April 2015
The present study deals with comprehensive list and status of invasive plant species in Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh along with their life form, nativity, uses, habitat, categories and mode of introduction. A total of 102 invasive alien plant species belonging to 80 genera under 39 families were recorded from the study area. The analysis of invasive species reveals that 16 species have been introduced...
Seasonal changes in small mammal assemblage in Kogyae Strict Nature Reserve, Ghana
April 2015
The small mammal community at Kogyae Strict Nature Reserve (KSNR) in the Ashanti Region of Ghana were studied in two habitats during the wet and dry seasons to investigate seasonal changes in species richness, abundance, composition and diversity. Ninety-six individuals belonging to nine species were recorded in 720 trap-nights, giving overall trap-success of 13.33%. Species richness (Sr), trap-success (Ts) and relative...
The status of key large mammals in the Kenya – Tanzania borderland: A comparative analysis and conservation implications
April 2015
Wildlife populations in Africa are declining rapidly because of natural and human – induced causes. Large animal aerial counts were done in 2010 and 2013 wet and dry season in Mid Kenya/ Tanzania borderland. These counts came after the severe droughts of 2007 and 2010 and so they were critical also in establishing the effects of droughts on large mammal populations. Of the 15 common large mammals seen in the...
Status and population trend of the common eland in the Kenya – Tanzania borderland: 2010 and 2013 survey analysis
April 2015
The common eland is a highly adaptable species and can survive in landscapes where water is scarce. It is listed by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as a species of “Least Concern” implying its population is considered to be relatively stable but due to environmental factors changes decline in some populations in range have been documented. In Kenya and Tanzania hunting, habitat loss and...
Habitat use and preference by the African elephant outside of the protected area, and management implications in the Amboseli Landscape, Kenya
March 2015
Elephants in the borderland of Kenya and Tanzania landscape roam freely outside the protected areas. These areas are critical for long term elephant survival and viability. Understanding the ecological conditions in these landscapes and threats to elephants is critical in future elephant management. Using collared elephants, the habitat use and selection was studied. Elephants showed selection for habitats, but...
Medicinal plants use and conservation practices in Jimma Zone, South West Ethiopia
March 2015
Traditional medicine has continued to be the most affordable and easily accessible source of treatment in the primary healthcare system of Ethiopia. However, the medicinal plants used for such treatments are becoming increasingly rare and vulnerable to extinction because of improper utilization and conservation practices. Hence, this reseach was initiated with the aim to assess the use, management and conservation...
Determining the potential for introducing and sustaining participatory forest management: A case study of South Nandi Forest of Western Kenya
March 2015
The South Nandi Forest is the most important site for the conservation of the globally threatened Eremomela turneri. The growing human population is the main threat to its biodiversity and the forests provision of ecosystem services. In order to address the above threat, Kenya Forest Service and partners perceived that the introduction of participatory forest management would mitigate the challenge. This study was...
The flora of holy Mecca district, Saudi Arabia
March 2015
The flora of Mecca city district, Saudi Arabia has been recently studied between March and July, 2014. Four hundred and thirty three (433) specimens were collected from the study area. The specimens were found to belong to forty four (44) families, one hundred twenty five (125) genera and one hundred and eighty four (184) species. In this work and for the first time, four new species (unidentified, possibly new) were...
Conservation of plant biodiversity of Namatimbili forest in the southern coastal forests of Tanzania
March 2015
The aim of this study was to determine the ecological characteristic of Namatimbili Forest in terms of plant species composition, stem size class structure, stand biomass, diversity, and distribution and identify endemic and threatened plant species that are found within the forest. Data were sampled by using transect method that were established in various habitats within the forest. A total of 312 plant species were...
Enumeration of lichen diversity in Manaslu Conservation Area and Sagarmatha National Park of Nepal
March 2015
An extensive research on deciphering lichen diversity in the high Nepalese Himalaya was undertaken in two subsequent years in Manaslu Conservation Area (MCA) and Sagarmatha National Park (SNP). Altogether, 621 specimens were collected from these two regions, viz., 173 from MCA and 448 from SNP, which resulted in the occurrence of a total of 13 species of lichens from MCA (belonging to 4 families) and 69 species...
Threats of biodiversity conservation and ecotourism activities in Nechsar National Park, Ethiopia
March 2015
This study was carried out on the threats of biodiversity conservation and ecotourism activities in Nechsar National Park (NSNP), Arba Minch, Ethiopia. Data was collected from protection staffs and local communities found in and around the boundary of the national park. Open ended and close ended questionnaires, focused group discussion and field observation were used to collect all the necessary information. Protection...
A study on Ichthyofaunal diversity of Sagar lake, Madhya Pradesh, India
March 2015
The objective of the present study was to report the ichthyofaunal diversity of Sagar lake Madhya Pradesh, central India. During the study, a total of 21 species of freshwater fishes belonging to 6 orders, 11 families and 17 genera were recorded from the study sites of the lake. Family Cyprinidae, contributing about 48% of the fish diversity of the lake, was found to be the most abundant family of the fishes. According...
Abundance and community composition of small mammals in different habitats in Hugumburda forest, northern Ethiopia
February 2015
Tropical forest ecosystems harbor several species of small mammals. Diversity and abundance of small mammals in these forests reflect the quality and diversity of the ecosystems. The current study was carried out to assess abundance and species composition of small mammals (rodents and shrews) in three habitat types (Pterolobium, Juniperus and Cadia habitats) in Hugumburda forest, a dry afromontane forest in the Tigray...
The diversity, abundance and habitat association of medium and large-sized mammals of Dati Wolel National Park, Western Ethiopia
February 2015
Knowledge of the faunal diversity, abundance and habitat preference are basics for the status determination and proposing appropriate conservation measures. A survey was conducted to assess the diversity, relative abundance and habitat association of medium and large-sized mammals of the Dati Wolel National Park, Western Ethiopia from September 2012 to April 2013. It was hypothesized that the area is rich in mammalian...
Social organization in the mountain nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni) population in the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia
February 2015
This study was conducted in 2009 and 2011 in the Bale Mountains National Park in Ethiopia to assess social organization of endemic and endangered mountain nyala. The main objectives of this study were to identify social group types of the mountain nyala in the park, and to determine the frequency of occurrences, group sizes and number of age/sex categories in social group types. Based on age/sex composition,...
Trade of the most popular Indigenous fruits and nuts, threats and opportunities for their sustainable management around the Ivindo National Park (INP), Gabon
February 2015
Sustainable management of forest resources in and around national parks continues to be a growing challenge in Gabon. Rural people living close by national parks continue to depend on those forest resources to meet their various livelihoods needs despite strict governmental restriction on access and use of forest resources, especially inside of national parks. Hence, most of these resources are mismanaged and...
Incidences of fetal deaths in rescued female leopards (Panthera-pardus) of Shivalik Hills in Northern India
February 2015
Twelve adult female leopards trapped in snare traps were rescued from Shivalik Hills areas of Himachal Pradesh. Of the 12 female leopards, 33.33% (4) leopards were found pregnant while others 66.67% (8) female leopards were non pregnant. Of the eight dead female leopards, 62.5% of trapped female leopards died because of body gripper trap injuries while in 37.5% of female leopards the cause of mortality was feet trap...
Role of revegetation in restoring fertility of degraded mined soils in Ghana: A review
February 2015
The topsoil gets seriously damaged during mineral extraction. The consequences of physical disturbance to the topsoil during stripping, stockpiling and reinstatement results in soil degradation through loss of soil structure, accelerated soil erosion, excessive leaching, compaction, reduced soil pH, accumulation of heavy metals in soils, depletion of organic matter, decreased plant available nutrients, reduced cation...
A new locality record for an endangered tree species Pittosporum eriocarpum Royle (Pittosporaceae) in India
February 2015
Pittosporum eriocarpum Royle (Pittosporaceae) an endangered tree species is collected and reported for the first time from the Kangri, Dhamrol village of Bhoranj block which is quite near to Bhareri of Jahu road of district Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, North West Himalaya. This makes another locality record for an endangered tree species in the North West Himalaya. A detailed taxonomic description of the species along...
Livestock loss by the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in and around a waste dumping site in Northern Ethiopia
January 2015
Human-carnivore conflict is one of the leading constraints to biodiversity conservation efforts. We investigated livestock depredation in two sub districts (Debre-Genet and Debre Tsehay) that were located nearby a waste dump and in two sub districts (Worki-Amba and Dabanow) that were located far from the waste dump. We hypothesized that livestock depredation would be higher in villages located close to waste dumping...
Distribution study of some species of spontaneous Flora in two Saharan Regions of the North-East of Algeria (Ouargla and Ghardaïa)
January 2015
The botanical and edaphic inventory investigations of the spontaneous flora distribution in the regions of Ouargla and Ghardaïa revealed the presence of 56 taxa of which 32 were ephemeral and 24 vivacious. The sweeping operation of 6 stations over these two regions showed an abundant richness estimated to 39 species localized mainly in the beds of Wadis and distributed as follows: Reg (19), Sebkha (7), Erg (6) and...
Attitudes and perceptions of the local people towards benefits and conflicts they get from conservation of the Bale Mountains National Park and Mountain Nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni), Ethiopia
January 2015
A study to examine the attitudes and awareness of the local communities towards conservation values of the park, its flora and fauna with particular emphasis on mountain nyala was carried out in the Bale Mountains National Park in 2007. The study specifically investigated how attitudes vary with different groups of people involved in either recent or long term settlements; people with different livelihood strategies and...
Species diversity and regeneration of Tilonj Oak (Quercus floribunda Lindl.) dominated forests of Nainital in Kumaun Himalaya
January 2015
The present study deals with species diversity, and regeneration of Quercus floribunda Lindl forest lies in moist temperate sites in Nainital of Kumaun Himalaya. Tree, sapling and seedling density was 490-1190, 260-1280 and 100-670 ind.ha-1, respectively. The species diversity of trees and shrubs density ranged from 0.421 to 1.177 and 310 to 1540 ind.ha-1. The regeneration of Q. floribunda was J-shaped in forest site-1...
Considerations for additional tools in ecosystems management: Lessons from Zambia
January 2015
Formal institutional ecosystems management has been in existence since the creation of the Yellowstone National Park in the United States of America in 1872. Subsequently, many countries, including Zambia have evolved both legislative and policy frameworks for protecting various ecosystems. This move implied creating institutions to manage such areas accompanied by a statute to police the given area. Offenders are...
Utilization of pangolins in Africa: Fuelling factors, diversity of uses and sustainability
January 2015
Pangolins have attracted considerable attention in recent times due to their high rank in international trade. Whole carcass or body parts of extant pangolin species were used for many purposes which include: food, as a complementary protein source; in traditional medicinal preparations, and as ornaments. Factors responsible for the continued exploitation of pangolins were: low cost and very short time needed to acquire...
Population structure and regeneration status of Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkm. after selective and clear felling in Kibale National Park, Uganda
December 2014
Prunus africana is a globally threatened indigenous medicinal tree species, and food for many primates. Its population has declined in Sub-Saharan Africa due to unsustainable harvest and poor protection. In this study, we determined the population density, population structure and regeneration status of P. africana in the former clear felled, selectively logged and primary forests of Kibale National Park, and assessed...
Physico-chemical parameters and Ichthyofauna diversity of Arasalar Estuary in Southeast coast of India
December 2014
Physico-chemical changes may have the tendency to accumulate in the various organs of estuarine organisms, especially fish which may in turn enter into the human metabolism through consumption causing serious hazards. Hence, the present study was carried out to determine the physic-chemical characteristics of water and Ichthyofauna in Arasalar Estuary in Southeast coast of India for the period of one year from September...
Assessment of genetic diversity of a critically endangered important medicinal plant Chlorophytum borivilianum in different agro-climatic regions of India revealed by random amplified polymorphic primer (DNA Marker)
December 2014
Chlorophytum borivilianum (Family: Liliaceae), an important threatened medicinal herb is designated as ‘Rare’ in Red Data Book of Indian plants. In this study, random amplified polymorphic primer DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity in six genotypes of C. borivilianum collected from different geographical regions of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand. Out of the 86 bands, 45 were...
Comparative study of shrub diversity in lower Dachigam Kashmir Himalaya
December 2014
The present study was conducted in two different ecosystems, that is, Site I (village site) and Site II (protected site) in the lower part of Dachigam National Park (Jammu and Kashmir) in all seasons during 2010-2011. Site I is located towards the periphery of the National Park near habitations and is under heavy grazing pressures while Site II is located inside the National Park with mild interferences and is a...
Vegetation diversity and soil nutrient status of submergence zone of hydroelectric project in Srinagar of Garhwal Himalayas, India
December 2014
The aim of the present study was to assess vegetation diversity and soil nutrients status in submergence zone of hydroelectric project in Srinagar Garhwal Himalaya. The information on submergence zone was taken from hydroelectric project (HEP), the height of the dam is 93 m and subsequently submergence zone area will be developed. The submergence zone is presently under open condition and soon after completion of...
Assessment of the trees diversity at the edge of stream and forest road in Shast Kalateh district
December 2014
This study was conducted in an uneven aged deciduous natural forest of Hyrcanian zone to evaluate the status of trees diversity at the edge of streams and forest road. Transects were established parallel to road and perpendicular to stream and then all regenerations and trees were counted in circular plots on each transect. Past software was used to apply Shannon biodiversity index, Margalef richness index and Camargo...
Natural resource use conflict in Bale Mountains National Park, Southeast Ethiopia
December 2014
Conflict over natural resources including wildlife, forest, land and water is common particularly in developing countries. It is extremely difficult to sustainably manage a resource if it is under conflict. This study aimed to assess the causes of resource use conflict in Bale Mountains National Park and attitudes of local community towards the Park. Finally, to find measures to reduce resource use conflict. This study...
Screening of onion genotypes against Thrips tabaci Lind. in Central India
December 2014
Twenty-two (22) genotypes of onion (Allium cepa Lin.) was screened against Thrips tabaci Lind. in the experimental field of Department of Horticulture Maharajpur, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India during late wet season in the year 2010-11. The incidence of T. tabaci was observed from 45th standard metrological week (SMW) to 3rd SMW, that is, from transplanting till harvesting, in...
Attitudes of Maasai pastoralists towards the conservation of large carnivores in the Loliondo Game Controlled Area of Northern Tanzania
November 2014
Attitudes towards the conservation of lions, leopards, cheetah, spotted hyenas and African wild dogs were assessed in the Loliondo Game Controlled Area of northern Tanzania in January 2013. Our survey encompassed 181 individuals each representing onehousehold, of which 30 were chosen randomly from six Maasai pastoralist villages. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to acquire the required information from the...
Invasive weed risk assessment of three potential bioenergy fuel species
November 2014
Bioenergy crops are potential renewable sources of bio-diesel which have low emission profiles, environmentally beneficial, and capable of substituting petro-diesel. However, since most of them are introduced or are not native, it is essential to reduce the ecological and economic consequences of invasive pest introductions and the potential invasiveness of species not yet introduced. The Australian Weed Risk Assessment...
Availability and size class distribution of the most popular Indigenous fruits trees and implications for sustainable harvest around the Ivindo National Park, Gabon
November 2014
A study was carried out in “the often” and “the rarely” harvested locations of the Ivindo National Park (Gabon) to determine the availability, height and Diameter at breast height (DBH) size class distributions of Coula edulis, Dacriodes buettneri and Irvingia gabonensis, the three most popular Indigenous fruits (IFs) used by local people for meeting their livelihoods needs around the Ivindo...
Composition and stand structure of a regenerating tropical rainforest ecosystem in South-western Nigeria
November 2014
The dynamics of forest regeneration in a tropical rainforest ecosystem in South-western Nigeria as exemplified by International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Forest Reserve, Ibadan, Nigeria was assessed. Twenty-four sample plots of 25 × 25 m each were used to assess all plants ≥ 5 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) (1.3 m) in each plot for density, height, dbh and frequency. Detrended Correspondence...
Conservation and historical biogeography: How did the mountain chicken frog get to the Caribbean?
November 2014
Leptodactylus fallax, commonly known as the mountain chicken frog, is a large terrestrial frog currently found on two islands in the Caribbean. Habitat destruction, overhunting and disease outbreaks have contributed to declining population numbers. In order to identify appropriate conservation strategies, the historic geographic distribution of this frog must first be determined. Because no archeological evidence...
Grey parrot Psittacus harvesting for conservation must have a robust scientific basis: A response to Tamungang et al. (2013)
November 2014
Estimates of population sizes forms many aspects of conservation policy and planning, including IUCN Red List decisions and CITE decisions on trade in endangered species. For population size estimates to be useful to decision-makers, it is critical that they are made using appropriate methods and that when reported, sources of uncertainty and systematic bias are discussed and accounted for in the conclusions. A failure...
Research and policy framework for conservation and utilization of edible bamboo in northeast India
October 2014
India harbours large bamboo germplasm and most bamboo growth in the country are through human interventions, particularly in the hilly environment. The local communities’ associate greater sense of ethics towards this group of plants and are also consumed on a day-to-day basis in different forms. Thus, edible bamboo species gains significance both culturally as well as on economic terms. The strengths...
Water quality assessment of Labo and Clarin Rivers in Misamis Occidental, Philippines
October 2014
Labo and Clarin rivers are very important to many communities in Misamis Occidental, Philippines. Hundreds of people living near the two rivers depend on these waters for domestic and industrial purposes. This study was conducted to assess the water quality of two major river systems, Clarin and Labo rivers in Misamis Occidental, Philippines. Physico-chemical and biological parameters were assessed in three different...
A review of potential use of geo-information technologies for cotton supply chain management
October 2014
In this paper, we provided an overview of the cotton supply chain management (SCM) and its processes including their inputs/ and outputs. The components of cotton SCM were discussed with their influencing factors. Additionally, we searched relevant literature on the potential use of Geographical Information Technologies (GITs) in cotton supply chain management. According to our findings, there is no study on the...
Woody species diversity under natural forest patches and adjacent enset-coffee based Agroforestry in the Midland of Sidama Zone, Ethiopia
October 2014
Agroforestry lands will be the most beneficial to the long-term preservation of biodiversity through preserving native species of plants and animals in tropical countries. Despites its vital roles, the contributions of agroforests and forest patches for biodiversity conservation in Ethiopia have few studded. The aim of this study was to investigate status of woody species diversity in natural forest patches and adjacent...
Qualitative study of epilithic algal diversity spectrum in Lidder stream of Lidder Valley (Kashmir Himalayas)
October 2014
The present study was carried out in Lidder stream in Lidder Valley of Kashmir Himalayas, to show a typical taxonomic composition of epilithic algae. The epilithic algal community was represented by 144 taxa belonging to four classes namely, Bacillariophyceae with104 species (72%), Chlorophyceae with 19 species (13%), Cyanophyceae with 12 species (8%), Euglenophyceae with 4 species (3%) and Phylum Protozoa with 3...
The effects of power lines on ungulates and implications for power line routing and rights-of-way management
September 2014
Thousands of kilometres of power lines exist and more are planned. Ungulates that range over large areas are likely to encounter power lines, but a synthesis of power line effects on ungulates is lacking. Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) are suspected to avoid power lines up to distances of 4 km. In contrast, some forest ungulates preferentially forage in power line rights-of-way, cleared areas under power lines....
The impact of crop raiding by wild animals in communities surrounding the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
September 2014
Crop damage is a serious source of conflict in communities adjacent to protected areas. Data on crop raiding were collected through questionnaires in villages at different distances from the Serengeti National Park in northern Tanzania. Multiple response analyses were used to calculate the frequencies of the types of crops damaged, the levels of crops growth when damaged and the estimated economic losses caused per...
Genetic diversity of qualitative traits of barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) landrace populations collected from Gamo Highlands of Ethiopia
September 2014
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) has great adaptability to a wide range of environments. To determine genetic diversity in barley landraces, a total of 43 landrace populations were randomly sampled from the farmers’ field on plant basis and characterized for eight qualitative traits; namely, kernel row number, spike density, lemma awn barb, glume color, lemma type, length of rachila hair, kernel covering and...
Page 6 of 14, showing 50 records out of 678 total, starting on record 251, ending on 300
Advertisement
Advertisement
