April 2012
WRKY transcription factor superfamily: Structure, origin and functions
WRKY transcription factors are transcriptional regulatory factors in which N-terminal ends contain the WRKYGQR amino acid sequence and a zinc-finger motif. WRKYtranscription factors can regulate the expression of target genes that contain the W-box elements (C/T)TGAC(C/T) in the promoter regions by specifically binding to the (C/T)TGAC(C/T) sequence. WRKY transcription factors regulate the expression of...
April 2012
Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and structure prediction of the related to b0,+ amino acid transporter (rBAT) in Cyprinus carpio L.
In this study, the full-length cDNA of basic amino acid transporter gene rBAT was cloned from intestinal cells of Cyprinus carpio L. using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) methods. The amplified product was 2370 bp, including a 42 bp 5'-untranslated region, a 288 bp 3'-untranslated region,...
April 2012
Characterization of resistant tomato mutants to bacterial canker disease
A small scale ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) mutation was used to obtain resistant mutant plants to bacterial canker disease caused by Clavibacter michiganensissubsp. michiganensis isolate 2 (Cmm2). Susceptible EBR3 tomato line (200) seeds were mutagenised with the chemical EMS. Of the constructed M2 population, 450 seedlings were inoculated with Cmm2. Among the tested M2 plants, 15 M2 plants, not...
April 2012
Purification and characterization of an extracellular xylanase produced by the endophytic fungus, Aspergillus terreus, grown in submerged fermentation
Aspergillus terreus produced high levels of a thermotolerant extracellular xylanase and showed low cellulase activity when cultured at 30°C for 48 h, in liquid medium supplemented with wheat bran as carbon source. Xylanase was purified 45-fold to homogeneity with a recovery yield of 67% by carboxymethyl (CM)-cellulose chromatography. The enzyme, a glycoprotein with 33% of carbohydrate content,...
April 2012
Screening of rhizobacteria containing plant growth promoting (PGPR) traits in rhizosphere soils and their role in enhancing growth of pigeon pea
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial bacteria that colonize plant roots and enhance plant growth with a wide variety of mechanisms. The use of PGPR is steadily increasing in agriculture and offers an attractive way to replace chemical fertilizers, pesticides and supplements. Here, we have isolated, enumerated and characterized the PGPR from the rhizosphere soil of pigeon pea for the...
April 2012
The effect of fungal competition on colonization of soybeans by moulds of the genus Aspergillus, Trichothecium and Fusarium and the ochratoxin A accumulation as related to temperature and moisture content
The relationship between mould biomass and accumulation of ochratoxin A (OTA) on solid substrate (slightly cracked soybeans) at temperatures from 15 to 35°C and a water content in the substrate of 20 to 38% was been investigated. The experiments were carried out with the mould Aspergillus ochraceus NRRL 3174 in pure culture and in mixed culture, respectively; the latter with the...
April 2012
A comparative and evaluative study of potential biogas production from crops of teff (Eragrostis tef (Zucc) Trotter) in Ethiopia
The research on suitable alternative clean energy carriers to substitute for the use of fossil fuels is rapidly attracting attention. Biogas is an energy carrier that is considered as a possible alternative in both the developed and the developing world. However, finding suitable energy crops to extract biogas without affecting food security is still a debatable issue. In this context, the present study was...
April 2012
Optimization of bio-ethanol production from cassava effluent using Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The ethanol producing capability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from cassava waste water was enhanced. Enhancement was obtained by varying pH, culture age and nutrient supplementation during fermentation until optimum conditions were attained. Optimum fermentation duration for ethanol production in acid and enzyme hydrolysates was 24 h. The start-up fermentation experiment process with S....
April 2012
Long-term salt stress responsive growth, carbohydrate metabolism, proline and anti-stress enzymes in Nicotiana tabaccum
We investigated the long-term responses of tobacco tissues to salt stress, with aparticular interest for growth parameters, proline (Pro) accumulation, and carbohydrate metabolism. Exposure of 17-day-old tobacco plants to 0.2 M NaCl was followed by a higher decrease in dry matter in roots than shoots with a decrease of both Chlorophyll a and b. Analysis of potassium, sodium and chloral...
April 2012
Long-term salt stress responsive growth, carbohydrate metabolism, proline and anti-stress enzymes in Nicotiana tabaccum
We investigated the long-term responses of tobacco tissues to salt stress, with aparticular interest for growth parameters, proline (Pro) accumulation, and carbohydrate metabolism. Exposure of 17-day-old tobacco plants to 0.2 M NaCl was followed by a higher decrease in dry matter in roots than shoots with a decrease of both Chlorophyll a and b. Analysis of potassium, sodium and chloral...
April 2012
Characterization of rigor mortis of longissimus dorsi and triceps brachii muscles of male cattle carcasses
In this work, six bovine carcasses butchered in a slaughterhouse in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil (SIE 504) were studied and temperature, pH, sarcomere length in different periods after slaughter (1, 5, 8, 12, 15 and 24 h) of the longissimus dorsi (LD) and triceps brachii (TB) muscles as well as the shear force (meat tenderness) and colour were evaluated, aiming at...
April 2012
Synergistic therapy of enalapril and Cordyceps sinensis in the improvement of renal function in chronic allograft nephropathy patient
Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) still remains an important factor that affects the long-term survival of renal recipients. The aim of the study was to investigate synergistic effect of enalapril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ACEI) andCordyceps sinensis (Bailing capsule, fermented agent of C. sinensis) on CAN and pursue an effective therapy to control CAN progression. A...
April 2012
Flowering in the wild olive (Olea europaea L.) tree (oleaster): Phenology, flower abnormalities and fruit set traits for breeding the olive
Although, the olive trees produce hermaphrodite flowers, abnormal flowers (flowers with absence or reduced stamens and flowers with absence of pistil) are frequently observed and may reduce fruit set. This study investigates the phenology evolution and the male and female abortion of the oleaster tree (or the wild olive tree) flowers (Olea europaea L. subsp....
April 2012
Robust model of fresh jujube soluble solids content with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy
A robust partial least square (PLS) calibration model with high accuracy and stability was established for the measurement of soluble solids content (SSC) of fresh jujube using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique. Fresh jujube samples were collected in different areas of Taigu and Taiyuan cities, central China in 2008 and 2009. A partial least squares (PLS) calibration model was established based on...
April 2012
Comparative analysis of essential oil contents of Juniperus excelsa (M. Beib.) found in Balochistan, Pakistan
Cones/berries of Juniperus excelsa from three provenances in Balochistan, Pakistan were collected and essential oil was extracted by solvent method. Oil contents were analyzed on gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). Identification and quantification was made by using Wiley and NIST spectral library and HP Chemstation software. Quantitatively the mean cone oil yield was 5.8, 6.5 and 4.5% for...
April 2012
Differentiation of pork from beef, chicken, mutton and chevon according to their primary amino acids content for halal authentication
The detection of pork in various food products has been an important subject of study in many countries. The current study was aimed to differentiate pork from selected meats of beef, mutton, chevon and chicken based on their primary amino acid contents using reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)with derivatization by o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and ultraviolet...
April 2012
In vitro regeneration from internodal explants of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) via indirect organogenesis
Organogenic callus induction and high frequency shoot regeneration were achieved from internodal explants of bitter melon. About 97.5% of internodal explants derived from 30 day old in vivo grown plants produced green, compact nodular organogenic callus in Murashige and Skoog (MS) plus Gamborg et al. (1968) (B5) medium containing 5.0 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2.0 μM...
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