August 2012
Effect of refrigeration on post-harvest flowers
Cut flowers have a very limited life after they have been cut off from the mother plant, as survival on their own reserves is generally low due to the special morphological and physiological characteristics of their tissues. The use of refrigeration for storage of flower cuttings is very important because it reduces water loss, senescence, infections caused by bacteria and fungi, thus extending the shelf-life of flowers...
August 2012
CsACO4, an ACC oxidase gene regulating male differentiation in cucumber
Ethylene has been implicated as a sex-determining hormone in cucumber: Its exogenous application increases femaleness and gynoecious genotypes were reported to produce more ethylene. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase (ACO) is the key enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis. In this study, a 1,188 base pair (bp) fragment was amplified from cucumber (Jinyan-4) genome with degenerated primers derived from the ACO...
August 2012
Genetic diversity analysis of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) accessions with sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers
Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), two advanced molecular markers for genetic research in grass and forage, were used to analyze the genetic diversity among 44 accessions of cocksfoot collected from seven countries and regions. 21 SRAP primer combinations generated 476 bands, of which 401 were polymorphic (84.24%). Using 12 ISSR primers, 100 polymorphic...
August 2012
The potential of endomycorrhizal fungi in controlling tomato bacterial wilt Ralstonia solanacearum under glasshouse conditions
The impact of colonization by three mycorrhizal fungi on tomato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanaceraum was investigated. Three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) were tested (Glomus mosseae, Scutellospora sp. andGigaspora margarita). Siginificant differences in tomato growth based on plant hieght was recorded between G. mosseae (125.25 cm) and all treatments. The...
August 2012
Infectivity and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood on African yam bean, Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst Ex. A. Rich) Harms accessions as influenced by botanical soil amendments
A screen house experiment was conducted to study the effects of amendment of soil with leaf powders of some plants at different levels (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 t/ha) on the infectivity and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood on African yam bean, Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst Ex. A. Rich) Harms. The plants were neem, drumstick, lemon grass, African peach and...
August 2012
Genetic improvement of resistance to blast and bacterial blight of the elite maintainer line Rongfeng B in hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) by using marker-assisted selection
Rice blast caused by the fungus Magnaporthe grisea and bacterial blight (BB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae (Xoo) are two major rice diseases in the world. An elite, early maturing maintainer line of hybrid rice, Rongfeng B hybrid rice is susceptible to both blast and BB. For improving its diseases resistance, BL122 and CBB23 were used as the donors of blast...
August 2012
Ensuring biological safety of drinking water at International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India
Potability of drinking water from various sources at the campus of International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India had been assessed for 17 years (1994 to 2010). All four sources of drinking water at ICRISAT, including Manjeera water (Municipal corporation supplied drinking water), borewell 1, borewell 2 and ICRISAT water (mixture of both Manjeera as well as...
August 2012
Serological and molecular detection and prevalence of Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus in the Sistan region, Iran
During the 2009 growing seasons, virus-like symptoms were noticed on cucurbit crops (melons (Cucumis melo L.) and watermelons [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai)] grown in the Sistan region. The symptoms were widespread and included initial chlorotic lesions followed by yellowing of whole leaves and thickening of older leaves. 100 melon samples from symptomatic plants from 32 melon fields were...
August 2012
Seasonality of fibrolytic enzyme activity in herbivore microbial ecosystems
Fibre (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) is the most abundant polysaccharide in nature and is hydrolysed by gut micro-organisms of herbivores because they can produce a set of extracellular enzymes. This study examined seasonal changes in the fibrolytic enzyme activity of microbial ecosystems of five herbivores (buffalo, cow, impala, wildebeest and zebra). Crude protein extracts obtained from the aforestated...
August 2012
Expression of Deinococcus geothermalis trehalose synthase gene in Escherichia coli and its enzymatic properties
A novel trehalose synthase gene from Deinococcus geothermalis (DSMZ 11300) containing 1692 bp reading-frame encoding 564 amino acids was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The gene was ligated into pET30Ek/LIC vector and expressed after isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside induction in Escherichia coliBL21(DE3)pLysS. The recombinant trehalose synthase (DgeoTreS) containing a His6tag at...
August 2012
Preliminary in vitro cytotoxic assay of human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) of organotin(IV) complexes: Synthesis and characterization of organotin(IV) complexes of 2,4-dinitrobenzoic and 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acids
A total of five organotin(IV) carboxylate complexes was successfully synthesized and characterized quantitatively and qualitatively. Results of the infrared spectroscopy of the parent acids and complexes showed that the coordination took place via oxygen atoms from the carboxylate group. From the preliminary in vitro cytotoxic assay study, triorganotin(IV) complexes (2 and 5) were found to exhibit...
August 2012
Types of gene effects governing the inheritance of oleic and linoleic acids in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Oleic and linoleic acids are major fatty acids in peanut determining the quality and shelf-life of peanut products. A better understanding on the inheritance of these characters is an important for high-oleic breeding programs. The objective of this research was to determine the gene actions for oleic acid, linoleic acid, the ratio of oleic to linoleic acids (O/L ratio) and percentage oil (% oil) in peanut. Georgia-02C,...
August 2012
Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction procedure of capsaicinoids from Chili peppers using orthogonal array experimental design
In this present study, the optimal conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of capsaicinoids from hot Chili peppers were determined for large scale preparation. First, single factor experiments were performed to optimize the extraction procedure of capsaicinoids, and initial optimized results were: ratio of solvent to mass of 6 to 10 ml/g, extraction temperature of 25 to 35°C, and extraction time of 0 to...
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