December 2011
Application of fast technology for analysis (FTA)® for sampling and recovery of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) for molecular characterization of cowpea breeding lines for Striga resistance
In this study, the ultrastructure of phloem and its surrounding parenchyma cells in grape leaves from plants subjected to root restriction or without (control) was systematically investigated for the first time through transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the sieve element (SE) and companion cells(CC) in the main veins of leaves subjected to root restriction were smaller in size...
December 2011
Diagnostics of nitrogen deficiency in mini-cucumber plant by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy
In protected agriculture, deficiency of an essential element may drastically affect plant growth, appearance and most importantly yield. Information about nutrient deficiencies in crops grown in controlled environment is essential to optimize food productivity. In this study, near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis was used to identify nitrogen (N) deficiency coupled with pattern recognition methods...
December 2011
Mass transfer analysis for terephthalic acid biodegradation by immobilized Pseudomonas sp. in a packed-bed reactor
Biodegradation of terephthalic acid (TA) by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-alginate immobilized Pseudomonas sp. was carried out in a packed-bed reactor. The effect of inlet TA concentration on biodegradation was investigated at 30°C, pH 7 and flow rate of 20 ml/min. The effects of flow rate on mass transfer and biodegradation rate of TA were analyzed with the assumption of first-order reaction kinetics....
December 2011
Breeding of newly licensed wheat variety Huapei 8 and improved breeding strategy by anther culture
Wheat breeding by anther culture has the advantage of reducing breeding time, as well as high efficiency and accuracy in progeny selection. However, low percentage of callus induction, green plantlet regeneration and chromosome doubling of the haploid regenerants has limited its practical application. We improved the techniques in consideration of the three key steps by adjusting the sowing date of donor wheat, adding...
December 2011
Effect of fungal treatment on chemical composition and in vitro ruminal digestibility of some agricultural residues
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Trichoderma harzianumisolate T.447 (T.447) on the chemical composition and in vitro ruminal digestibility of treated maize, wheat, rapeseed and soybean straws. Preparation of each straw was divided into two equal parts and was treated with a suspension of T.447 spore or an equal volume of distilled water (control). Treated straws were...
December 2011
Antifungal metabolites from antagonistic fungi used to control tomato wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
Chaetomium elatum strain ChE01, Chaetomium lucknowense strain CLT01 andEmericella rugulosa strain ER01, which were isolated from soil in Thailand, effectively controlled the most virulent isolate of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.lycopersici NKSC02 causing wilt of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var Sida). Two antifungal substances were purified: Chaetoglobosin-C from Ch....
December 2011
1International College, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand. 2Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhonratchsima Rajabhat University, Thailand. 3Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. 4Major of Plant Pest Management Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok, 10520, Thailand
Polypogon monspeliensis L. Desf., (Rabbitfoot grass, Family Poaceae) an annual grass, is native to Europe, temperate Asia (Middle East, China, Japan and Russia), tropical Asia (India, Pakistan, Nepal and Sri Lanka) and Africa. Allelopathic studies conducted by using aqueous extracts from various parts including shoots, inflorescences, litter and mulch in various experiments, invariably affected the germination,...
December 2011
A field evaluation of coated urea with biodegradable materials and selected urease inhibitors
Urease inhibitor and biodegradable polymer coatings are two most suitable startegies to increase urea fertilizer efficiency. Coating of urea with selected inhibitors can increase the crop production by slowing down the hydrolysis process of urea in the soil. For this purpose, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of newly coated urea with biodegradable materials, CuSO4 and ZnSO4.Guinea grass was...
December 2011
Effects of root restriction on the ultrastructure of phloem in grape leaves
In this study, the ultrastructure of phloem and its surrounding parenchyma cells in grape leaves from plants subjected to root restriction or without (control) was systematically investigated for the first time through transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the sieve element (SE) and companion cells(CC) in the main veins of leaves subjected to root restriction were smaller in size...
December 2011
Mass transfer analysis for terephthalic acid biodegradation by immobilized Pseudomonas sp. in a packed-bed reactor
The analysis of several morphological traits and phenotypic characteristics of ginkgo seedlings in juvenile tests with half-sib lines in two successive years provide the bases for further planting stock breeding and production for the purposes of urban coenoses and for the establishment of target plantations of this species. The comparative analysis enables the identification of planting stock for further breeding...
December 2011
Characteristics and variability of half-sib progeny as the base for ginkgo breeding
The analysis of several morphological traits and phenotypic characteristics of ginkgo seedlings in juvenile tests with half-sib lines in two successive years provide the bases for further planting stock breeding and production for the purposes of urban coenoses and for the establishment of target plantations of this species. The comparative analysis enables the identification of planting stock for further breeding...
December 2011
Golden rain tree leaf extracts as potential inhibitor of lipid peroxidation and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO)-induced DNA damage
This study was designed to evaluate the peroxyl radical scavenging capacity and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) protective effect of extract/fractions of Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. (Golden rain tree) in lipid peroxidation assay and calf thymus DNA protection assay. The leaves of the plant were extracted with different solvents in the order of increasing polarity to obtain methanol extract (KME), chloroform...
December 2011
Distribution of 19 organochlorinated pesticides residues in ginseng and soils in Jilin Province, China
The organochlorinated pesticides widely applied and still remains in soils, has become toxic to ginseng production in Jilin Province. In this study, 19 trace organochlorinated pesticide residues in five types of ginseng products and soil samples from four ginseng production areas were analyzed using a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for simultaneous measurement. The ginseng and soil samples...
December 2011
Correlated response of morpho-physiological traits of grain yield in durum wheat under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions in greenhouse
In order to evaluate the relationship between different traits of grain yield in durum wheat, 20 durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) landraces selected from the northwest of Iran together with five controls were evaluated under normal and drought stress conditions. Environmental mean squares were significant for all the traits studied except for harvest index which showed that drought stress has...
December 2011
A novel soft sensor model based on artificial neural network in the fermentation process
Some crucial process variables in fermentation process could not be measured directly. Soft sensor technology provided an effective way to solve the problem. There has been considerable interest in modeling a soft sensor by using artificial neural network (ANN) in bioprocess. To generate a more efficient soft sensor model, we proposed a novel soft sensor model based on artificial neural network (SS-ANN). By...
December 2011
Effect of optimal incorporation of hybrid banana flours on acceptability of soy fortified banana flour based products
The cooking banana (matooke) was identified as a target food crop for development in Uganda amidst high levels of malnutrition and food surpluses in the country. The aim of this study was to optimize incorporation of soy into raw, instant and extruded hybrid matooke (Tooke) flour for making soup and porridge in order to supplement the cooking banana as a raw material for the food industry. Raw, instant and...
December 2011
Verification of X- and Y-spermatozoa separation by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), motility and membrane integrity in bovine
The aim of the present study was to verify the presence of X- and Y-chromosome spermatozoa after separation with swimming speed using oestrus cows vagina mucus, Percoll discontinuous gradient (45 to 90%) and swim-up using TALP medium. The nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine X- and Y-chromosome bearing spermatozoa after separation. The primers for PCR were designed using amelogenin cDNA sequence...
December 2011
Molecular diagnosis of Wolbachia endosymbiont from Iranian scorpion Hemiscorpius lepturus using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 16S rDNA gene
There are several reports concerning the intracellular bacteria, Wolbachia, which infect an extensive range of invertebrates and promote a diverse array of reproductive alteration which encourage infection spread among its host population. This study reports the identification of Wolbachia in the Iranian scorpion namedHemiscorpius lepturus (H. lepturus) collected from the southwestern province...
December 2011
Toxicity of essential oil compounds against Exorista sorbillans (Diptera: Tachinidae), a parasitoid of silkworm
Essential oils of Ageratum conyzoides and Ocimum species are potential candidates for management of Exorista sorbillans (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Culicidae),a serious pest of silkworm. Considering that the pure compounds in essential oil may exhibit efficacy against the parasitoid, contact and topical toxicity of 22 essential oil compounds found in plants like A. conyzoides, different...
December 2011
Laboratory evaluation of azadirachtin against the oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis L. (Dictyoptera, Blattellidae): Insecticidal activity and reproductive effects
In this work, the toxicity of azadirachtin applied topically at various doses (300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9000 ng/ insect) was evaluated against newly emerged adults of the oriental cockroach, Blatta orientalis L. (Dictyoptera, Blattellidae) under laboratory conditions. Results show that treated insects exhibited toxic symptoms with a dose-dependent mortality. In a second series of...
December 2011
Antimicrobial activities of different solvents extracted samples of Linum usitatissimum by disc diffusion method
This research work was carried out to investigate the antimicrobial activities of different solvents extracted samples of Linum usitatissimum against seven bacterial and one fungal pathogen. Three concentrations (0.66, 1.00 and 1.33 mg dics-1) each of ethyl acetate, n-hexane, butanol and distilled water were used. Analysis of the data revealed that the growth of Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited...
December 2011
Comparison of the best breed combination in Iranian Holstein and Brown Swiss crossbred dairy cattle for production traits
Iranian crossbred cattle performance was considered from the years 1991-2003. Holstein × native and Brown Swiss × native crossbreed cattle were surveyed for milk yield (kg), fat yield (kg), fat percent and milk-days traits. Nine genetic groups were defined according to the percentage of imported breed genes at 12.5% intervals. Data were analyzed with mixed model procedure in SAS (8.2) software. Analysis of...
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