November 2012
Inositol-P6 induced structural changes in duck major haemoglobin
The reactivities of 5,5’-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoate) with the sulphydryl groups of major haemoglobin of duck (Anas platyrhinchos) have been carried out in the presence of inositol hexakisphosphate, inositol-P6. The time course of the reaction is biphasic. The addition of inositol-P6 changed the pH dependence profile of the apparent second-order rate constant of both oxy- and carbonmonoxyhaemoglobin for the...
November 2012
Investigation of simple sequence repeats (SSR) marker-assisted genetic diversity among upland Bt- and non Bt-cotton varieties
Genetically modified with insect resistance gene (Cry1AC) and hybrid Bt-cotton genotypes were developed to redress cotton leaf curl virus epidemic. In this study, genetic diversity of 6 Bt- and 14 non-Bt upland cotton genotypes was detected using simple sequence repeats (SSR) or micro-satellite markers. Out of 31 primer pairs, only 7 (22.6%) yielded polymorphic amplicons of 80 to 340 bp. The average loci...
November 2012
Production of high-amylose maize lines using RNA interference in sbe2a
To regulate the biosynthetic process of maize starch and produce high-amylose transgenic maize, RNA interference was used to inhibit the starch branching enzyme gene Sbe2. A construct with a 562 bp segment of Sbe2 (pRSBE2a) was cloned as inverted repeats. Highly efficient RNAi vector pRSBE2a was transferred to inbred maize...
November 2012
Molecular cloning and characterization of strictosidine synthase, a key gene in biosynthesis of mitragynine from Mitragyna speciosa
Mitragynine is one of the most dominant indole alkaloids present in the leaves ofMitragyna speciosa, a species of Rubiaceae. This alkaloid is believed to be synthesized via condensation of the amino acid derivative, tryptamine and secologanine by the action of strictosidine synthase (STR). The cDNA clone encoding STR from M. speciosa was cloned through reverse-transcription polymerase chain...
November 2012
Genetic variability of some cultivars of pistachio tree based in composition of vitamins
The identification and the characterisation of some cultivars of pistachio trees of the south of Tunisia were shown to have a remarkable diversity between different cultivars by using molecular markers (ISSR) supported by morphological markers [leaf length, leaf area, fruit length, terminal leaflet shape, length leaflet and chemical composition (content of vitamins)]. The content of vitamin B1 varied from zero in...
November 2012
Transformation of trehalose synthase gene (TPS Gene) into corn inbred line and identification of drought tolerance
Trehalose synthase gene (TPS gene) was transferred into maize inbred line Zheng58 with the improved pollen tube path method. At the three to five leaf stage, selection with spray Basta (0.7%) solution was conducted, and was then followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-southern detection. The results showed that the new gene was transferred into the plants and integrated into the plant...
November 2012
Seeding method and rate influence on weed suppression in aerobic rice
High weed pressure is amongst the major constraints to the extensive adoption of aerobic rice system as a water-wise technique. Towards developing a sustainable weed management strategy, seeding method and rate may substantially contribute to weed suppression and reduce herbicide use and weeding cost. A trough experiment was established at the Plant House of Universiti Putra Malaysia with two seeding methods, namely...
November 2012
Alternative substrates for production of Heliconia psittacorum L. seedlings under shade and open field conditions
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different substrates and environmentalconditions on seedling production of heliconia (Heliconia psittacorum L.) in Northeastern Brazil. A completely randomized blocks design with treatments distributed in a factorial arrangement (6 x 2) referring to substrate compositions and environmental condition to produce seedlings (open field and net-house) was used, with...
November 2012
Effect of salinity and seed priming on growth and biochemical parameters of different barely genotypes
An experiment was conducted to investigate the interactive effect of salinity and seed priming on barely genotypes at the Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Khyber Pakhtun Khwa Agricultural University Peshawar Pakistan. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications consisting of twelve barely genotypes (Haider-93, Soorab-96, Arabic Asward, NRB-37,...
November 2012
Production of aspartic peptidases by Aspergillus spp. using tuna cooked wastewater as nitrogen source and further extraction using aqueous two phase system
The production of extracellular aspartic peptidase by the fungi Aspergillus niger andAspergillus awamori was carried out in a shake flask and in stirred tank submerged fermentations using tuna cooked wastewater, an industrial effluent, as nitrogen source for culture medium. In stirred tank fermentation, biomass production of 6 g/l and 2 arbitrary units was obtained. In addition, the partitioning of...
November 2012
Effect of turkey litter (Meleagris gallopavo L.) vermicompost on growth and yield characteristics of paddy, Oryza sativa (ADT-37)
Pre-decomposed (15 days), turkey litter was mixed with cow dung (1:1, w/w) and vermicomposted with earthworm, Perionyx ceylanensis for 60 days. The vermicompost thus obtained was amended with regular farmers practice in the field soil for the cultivation of paddy (Oryza sativa, ADT-37) in six different treatments with and without vermicomposts (RBD). Before application of vermicompost and after the...
November 2012
Physiological and biochemical traits of different water and light intensities on cork oak (Quercus suber L.) seedlings
The present study was conducted to assess the impacts of different water and light intensities on the physiological and the biochemical aspects of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) seedlings from acorns collected from Tabarka (Northern Tunisia). The experiments were divided into two treatments: Water stress (well-watered: 25 to 35%, moderate drought stress: 15 to 20%, and severe drought stress: 7 to 10%) and light...
November 2012
Impact of nucleotide polymorphisms at drug resistance sites on genetic barrier in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C resistance evolution
Genetic diversity is the hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This diversity has resulted in a spectrum of different subtypes within the group M viruses that is responsible for the AIDS pandemic. Nucleotide substitutions and polymorphisms at codons known to confer drug resistance in subtype B viruses were compared with similar substitutions in...
November 2012
Drying and radial shrinkage characteristics and changes in color and shape of carrot tissues (Daucus carota L) during air drying
Drying and radial shrinkage characteristics and changes in color and shape of carrots tissues during air drying were studied. Slices dimensions were obtained by computer vision and the color was quantified by chroma, hue, whitening index and total carotenoids contents. The drying time became shorter of 1 h when temperature increased from 60 to 80°C, but sample scorching was observed at 80°C. Blanching...
November 2012
Effects of β-carotene on the thermal oxidation of fatty acids
β-Carotene is one of the most important fat soluble pigment with well known antioxidant and provitamin A activities. It is used in industries as food colorant and a source of vitamin A. The thermal induced degradation during processing leads to color and properties losses. The thermal stability of the fatty acids composition of edible oils is of great importance to food manufacturers. Corn oil, rapeseed and...
November 2012
Xylitol production by Candida tropicalis under different statistically optimized growth conditions
Nutritional and environmental conditions of the xylose utilizing yeast Candida tropicalis were optimized on a shake-flask scale using a statistical factorial design to maximize the production of xylitol. Effects of the three growth medium components (rice bran, ammonium sulfate and xylose) on the xylitol production were studied, each at three different levels and the highest xylose to xylitol...
November 2012
Study of biosorptive potential in the peel of Citrus reticulata, Punica granatum, Daucus carota and Momordica charantia
Different physiochemical parameters such as color, odour, taste, pH, Electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, concentration of cations & anions were determined in the waste water samples that were collected in the vicinity of Kuala Lumpur city. Peel of Citrus reticulata (orange), Punica granatum (pomegranate), Daucus carota (carrot) and Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) were used to study...
November 2012
Effect of enzyme treatment on chemical composition and production of reducing sugars in palm (Elaeis guineenis) kernel expeller
The primary objective of this study was to examine the effects of enzyme treatment on chemical compositions and production of reducing sugars in palm (Elaeis guineenis) kernel expeller (PKE). PKE was incubated in 80% water content at 55°C for 18 h with enzyme or without enzyme (as control). Crude protein (CP) and gross energy (GE) contents of PKE were not significantly different (P>0.05) between...
November 2012
Effects of supplemental ractopamine and L-carnitine on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and carcass traits of male broiler chicks
This experiment was conducted to consider the effect of ractopamine and L-carnitine as lipolytic agent and growth promoter on broiler chicks. Nine experimental diets were fed to 675 broiler chicks at the growth periods (3 to 6 weeks of age). Three levels of ractopamine (0, 5 and 10 mg/kg) and L-carnitine (0, 60 and 120 mg/kg) were fed. A completely randomized design with a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement was used....
November 2012
Effects of nacre-coated titanium surfaces on cell proliferation and osteocalcin expression in MG-63 osteoblast-like cells
Titanium is widely used for dental implants because of its superior mechanical properties, low modulus, excellent corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility. However, even when they are used in combination with a protective coating, such as hydroxyapatite (HA), titanium implants have been reported to have several disadvantages. These implants are unable to bond directly with the bone, and this impairs the anchorage...
November 2012
Inhibitory effect of aromatic herbs, lavender, sage and chamomile against herpes simplex virus infection
This study demonstrated anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) activity of lavender, sage and chamomile extracts. Green monkey kidney cells were protected from HSV-2 infection by dichloromethane and methanol extract of lavender with therapeutic indices (TI) of 1.98 and 2.90, respectively when the cells were treated before viral infection. Moreover, the dichloromethane extract of chamomile showed the highest TI which was...
November 2011
Interrelationships of the agave weevil Scyphophorus acupunctatus (Gyllenhal), Erwinia carotovora (Dye), entomopathogenic agents and agrochemicals
Several chemical based methods for control of the bacterium Erwinia carotovorawere evaluated and its hosts and vectors were characterized as well. Besides, the effects of these bacteria on entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes, which are used in agave weevil control, were also evaluated. We also investigated the sensitivity of these bacteria, entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes to different agro-chemicals. We found...
November 2011
Spawning period and first maturity size of deep water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) in the Aegean Sea
Parapenaeus longirostris is one of the most important commercial crustaceans for the trawl fleet in the Aegean Sea. Spawning period and size at first sexual maturity of female P. longirostris were analysed from monthly samples collected by demersal trawls in the bay of Sığacık and Kuşadası in the Aegean Sea, from May 2008 to April 2009. The presence of ripe females was found between September and...
November 2011
Estimates of age, growth and mortality of spotted catfish, Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792), off the Coast of Yunlin, Southwestern Taiwan
Spotted catfish is a benthic species that can be found abundantly off the coast of Yunlin in southwestern Taiwan. Its biological parameters are little known. In this study, life history parameters of this species were estimated using samples caught by bottom trawling. The spotted catfish was the major bycatch species which comprised 32% of the total catch. The growth parameters estimated by length frequency analysis...
November 2011
Histopathological changes in the gills of naturally-infected Capoeta aculeata (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1844) with parasites
Histopathological changes in gills of a native fish Capoeta aculeata, naturally-infected with parasites were studied. The specimens (15.5 to 22.8 cm) were collected from Choghakhor lagoon in West Iran. 35 (11%) of the total 318 studied fishes were infected with gill parasites. Overall, six protozoan and metazoan parasite species were collected from fishes including Ichthyophthirius...
November 2011
Applicable technical method for lower temperature freeze-substitution of cryo-fixed cells
Cryo-fixation and freeze substitution followed by microscopy are commonly used sample preparation methods for visualizing the morphology of intracellular organelles. Freeze substitution is an especially important preparative step because it enables the preservation of intracellular structures in cryo-fixed cells close to the living states for visualization. In this study, we describe a novel freeze substitution method...
November 2011
A mini-scale hot borate method for the isolation of total RNA from a large number of cotton tissue samples
Genetic genomics in cotton requires isolating RNA from a large number of plant tissue samples, in a mapping population. However, traditional methods for the extraction of RNA from cotton tissues is time consuming and not suitable for processing many samples at the same time. Here, we present a mini-scale protocol for quick isolation of total RNA from cotton ovaries with high yield and quality suitable for gene...
November 2011
Analysis of the early development in first and backcross generations between Paralichthys olivaceus and Paralichthys dentatus
This study investigated the performance difference of reciprocal hybrids and backcrosses between Paralichthys olivaceus and Paralichthys dentatus. The fertilization and hatching rates, combined fitness measure, early developmental characteristics and chromosome number were analyzed. The crosses of P. olivaceus♀ × P. dentatus ♂ (F1), F1♀ × P. olivaceus ♂...
November 2011
Genetic and phenotypic parameters of body weight in Zandi sheep
The purposes of this study were to estimate genetic parameters for growth traits and to develop a suitable model for the data set used. Data were collected in the Zandi sheep breed from 1992 to 2007 from the Khojir Sheep Breeding Station, Tehran, Iran. Number of observation were 5711 for birth weight (BW), 4619 for weaning weight (WW) , 2801 for body weight at 6-months of age (W6), 2124 for body weight at 9...
November 2011
Effects of supplemental ractopamine and L-carnitine on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and carcass traits of male broiler chicks
This experiment was conducted to consider the effect of ractopamine and L-carnitine as lipolytic agent and growth promoter on broiler chicks. Nine experimental diets were fed to 675 broiler chicks at the growth periods (3 to 6 weeks of age). Three levels of ractopamine (0, 5 and 10 mg/kg) and L-carnitine (0, 60 and 120 mg/kg) were fed. A completely randomized design with a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement was used....
November 2011
Partial substitution of cumin seed meal by Jatropha meal as a potential protein source for feed
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of incorporating the Jatropha curcas meal in place of black cumin seed meal (Nigella sativa) as a new source of protein on nutrients digestibility, feeding value, growth performance and economic efficiency of growing Demeshgi goats rations. Feeding trial which lasted for 90 days was conducted using 12 growing Demeshgi goats (average 23.26 kg live body weight...
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