November 2011
Regulation function of nitric oxide (NO) in leaves of plant under environmental stress
Nitric oxide is an important signaling molecule involved in many physiological processes. This paper expounds the source and biological features of nitric oxide as well as the cognizance of the role of nitric oxide in biotic and abiotic stresses. Finally, the prospect of development in this field is presented. Key words: Abiotic stress, biotic stress, nitric oxide, oxidative damage.
November 2011
Generation of antiviral transgenic chicken using spermatogonial stem cell transfected in vivo
This study was conducted in order to generate anti-viral transgenic chickens through transfected spermatogonial stem cell with fusion gene EGFP-MMx. After injecting fusion gene EGFP-MMx into testes, tissues frozen section, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and dot blot of testes was performed at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 days. Few normal hens were inseminated artificially with cock semen of 60 days. Finally, PCR, reverse...
November 2011
Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) based genetic variation studies in eri silkworm (Samia cynthia ricini Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
Four strains of eri, Samia cynthia ricini Lepidoptera: Saturniidae that can be identified morphologically and maintained at North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat were characterized based on their protein profile by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and DNA by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Fiber yield was highest in Gs strain....
November 2011
Allelic variation at Glu-1 loci and its association with grain quality of wheat grown in an irrigated hot environment
The high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) are important determinants of wheat flour quality. The HMW-GS patterns of the major released wheat cultivars in Sudan, in addition to some advanced lines, were analyzed using SDS-PAGE. The associations of the HMW-GS quality scores (Glu-1 QS) with the flour protein content (PC), insoluble protein content (IPC), sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation (SDSS) test and...
November 2011
Analysis of genetic diversity among cultivated enset (Ensete ventricosum) populations from Essera and Kefficho, southwestern part of Ethiopia using inter simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) marker
This study was conducted with the objective to investigate the genetic variation among populations of cultivated enset (Enset ventricosum). Leaf samples for 71 enset plants were collected from two areas of southwestern (SW) Ethiopia (Kefficho and Essera). Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) as a molecular marker was used to assess genetic diversity both within and between populations using two ISSR primers (834 and...
November 2011
Genetic diversity of Cytospora chrysosperma isolates obtained from Iranian walnut trees using molecular markers
To study the genetic diversity of isolates of Cytospora chrysosperma, the main causal agent of Cytospora canker, we collected the infected samples from the major walnut cultivation areas in 12 provinces of Iran. 58 representative isolates out of a total of 147 isolates were selected according to their geographical origins to study their genetic diversity using random amplified polymorphic...
November 2011
Comparison of in vivo and in vitro Colchicine Application for Production of Dihaploid ‘Kirkagac’ and ‘Yuva Hasanbey’ Melons
This study was performed to compare the efficiency of different colchicine application methods for doubling of haploid melon plants in melon breeding programs. Doubled haploids assist breeding by reducing time for the recovery of homozygous breeding lines. Irradiated pollen technique provides successful results in melons and pure breeding lines can be produced in relatively shorter time. Despite the...
November 2011
Molecular cloning and identification of tissue-specific expression of ent-kaurene oxidase gene in Momordica charantia
Momordica charantia (bitter melon) is widely consumed as a vegetable and as a folk medicine. Ent-kaurene oxidase is a key enzyme of gibberellin (GA) synthesis by controlling the early GA biosynthesis. In this study, ent-kaurene oxidase cDNA sequence was successfully amplified from the total cDNA of pistillate flower buds, and a complete open reading frame (ORF) with 1563 bp, encoding 520 amino acids, containing 151...
November 2011
Initiation, proliferation and development of micro-propagation system for mass scale production of banana through meristem culture
Explants were taken from field grown plants in 2010. The shoot apical meristem of different sizes was cultured on Murashige and skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of 6-benzylamino-purine (BAP), kinetin (Kin) and α- naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) either alone or in combination with each other under different temperature conditions ranging from 23 to 27°C. Shoot...
November 2011
Effect of GR24, a synthetic analogue of strigolactones, on gene expression of solopathogenic strain of Sporisorium reilianum
Sporisorium reilianum f.sp zeae, a basidiomycetous fungus belonging to Ustilaginaceae, is the causal agent of maize head smut. Its pathogenicity is initiated by fusion of two compatible sporidia which give rise to the formation of a dikaryotic pathogenic hyphe. In addition, pathogenic dimorphic diploid strains called solopathogens can be formed where no mating occurs. Strigolactones are the trace molecules in...
November 2011
Application of artificial seeds in rapid multiplication of Pseudostellaria heterophylla
In this study, a method which produces artificial seeds of Pseudostellaria heterophylla was presented. The micro-tubers induced from virus-free seedlings were used as explants, and the coating material was sodium alginate. The results show that the appropriate medium for P. heterophylla micro-tubers formation was the MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l-1 NAA, 500 mg l-1 CCC and 50 g...
November 2011
Plant regeneration in wheat mature embryo culture
Success in genetic engineering of cereals depends on the callus formation and efficient plant regeneration system. Callus formation and plant regeneration of wheat mature embryos were assessed by using 12 different methods with 4 genotypes. Genotype significantly affected the formation of callus, embryogenic callus and plant regeneration. Only two methods (methods #2 and 9) produced plant...
November 2011
Application of reverse osmosis membrane system for treatment of effluent in textile knitted fabric dyeing
The world’s water is found in oceans, seas, lakes, reservoirs, rivers and streams, glaciers and snowcaps in the Polar Regions, in addition to ground water below the land areas. The water locked up in the oceans and seas are too salty and cannot be used directly for human consumption, that is, for domestic, agricultural or industrial purposes. The textile industry consumes a vast quantity of water and...
November 2011
Assessment of ecological, economic and social impacts of grain for green on the counties of north Shaanxi in the Loess Plateau, China: A case study of Mizhi County
In order to noticeably and systematically assess ecological, economic and social effects of the grain for green project on county level, this study investigated the benefits of carbon sequestration to the soil of farmland-converted forestland (in 0 to 20 cm soil depth), the change in household income structure and social harmony. The results showed that, the soil organic matter content and organic carbon density of the...
November 2011
Effects of cadmium on the growth and physiological characteristics of sorghum plants
The effects of cadmium (Cd) stress on the growth and physiological characteristics were studied in 3 sorghum species viz., sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. cv. Hunnigreen], sorghum hybrid sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum sudanense, cv. Everlush) and sudangrass [Sorghum sudanense (Piper)Stapf cv. Xinjiang]. The results show that low concentration of...
November 2011
Improved riboflavin production by Eremothecium ashbyii using glucose and yeast extract
A detail research on the control strategies of carbon and nitrogen source was investigated for riboflavin production by Eremothecium ashbyii. The effects of various carbon and nitrogen sources on riboflavin biosynthesis were first employed respectively which revealed that glucose and yeast extract were the optimal medium components for riboflavin fermentation by E. ashbyii. To further improve the productivity...
November 2011
Molecular phylogeny of Escherichia coli isolated from clinical samples in Hilla, Iraq
Escherichia coli strains can be assigned to one of the main phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2 and D). Strains of these groups differ in their phenotypic characteristics, including the ability to use certain sugars, antibiotic resistance profiles and growth rate-temperature relationships. A total of 45 E. coli isolates were obtained from different clinical samples by standard bacteriological...
November 2011
Antibacterial activity of Mangifera indica L. seeds against some human pathogenic bacterial strains
Antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Mangifera indica L. seeds was done against 41 clinically isolated and 20 standard bacterial strains. Clinical bacterial strains were isolated from different specimens like blood, urine, catheter, stool and pus. Antibacterial activity was done by agar disc diffusion method at two different concentrations (600 and 1200 µg/disc). Preliminary qualitative...
November 2011
An approach towards optimal usage of immobilized sensor chips in Surface Plasmon Resonance based biosensor
In recent decades, there was a surge of interest in Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensor based bimolecular interaction analysis. The unique characteristics of this technique made it possible to measure real time unlabelled bimolecular interactions with great sensitivity. However, the major challenge in SPR is providing the ability to re-use the surface of the chip. The main goal of this study was to address the...
November 2011
Effects of early angioplasty after fibrinolysis on prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction
Patients having myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation often cannot undergo timely primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and therefore receive fibrinolysis. The role and optimal timing of routine PCI after fibrinolysis have not been established. 368 high-risk patients who had myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation and fibrinolytic therapy were divided into early PCI group (n =...
November 2011
Identification of Meconopsis species by a DNA barcode sequence: The nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) barcoding is a novel technology that uses a standard DNA sequence to facilitate species identification. Species identification is necessary for the authentication of traditional plant based medicines. Although a consensus has not been agreed regarding which DNA sequences can be used as the best plant barcode, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA has been...
November 2011
High frequency in vitro shoot regeneration of Momordica balsamina, an important medicinal and nutritional plant
A protocol was developed for in vitro propagation by multiple shoot induction ofMomordica balsamina (Cucurbitaceae), a climber with high medicinal and nutritional values. High frequencies of multiple shoot regeneration were achieved from auxillary bud of nodal explants. The bud explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L benzyl amino purine (BAP) which stimulated proliferation of...
November 2011
Carcass characteristics of two strains of native broilers (White Naked Neck and Black Svrljig) fattened under a semi-intensive system
This study involves the analysis of two breeds [Naked Neck (NN) and Svrljig chickens (Sv)], that is, strains [White Naked Neck (WNN) and Black Svrljig strain (BSv)] of chickens (birds) of both sexes reared under a semi-intensive system until day 84 of age. At 28 days of age, the test birds were kept in a litter housing system (about 8 birds/m2), following which they were provided a free-range paddock at 4 m2/bird. The...
November 2011
Polymorphisms of the prion protein gene Arabi sheep breed in Iran
Ovine scrapie is a neurodegenerative disease caused by polymorphisms of the prion protein gene (Prnp); especially the amino acid residue alterations at codons 136, 154, and 174, in sheep have been found to be associated with susceptibility to scrapie disease. We studied Prnp polymorphisms in local sheep of Khuzestan, Iran. In this study, a total of 250 healthy and randomly chosen sheep were investigated. Information...
November 2011
Effects of different protein sources of diet on yield and quality of lamb meat
The results obtained in the study of the effects of different protein sources in diet on fattening parameters, yield and quality of meat from weaned lambs are presented in this study. Experiment was conducted on 60 lambs of MIS population, weaned at the age of 60 days and divided into three groups. The effect of use of three concentrate mixtures which differed in regard to protein source: sunflower meal (I),...
November 2011
Effect of cysteine supplementation on in vitro maturation of bovine oocyte
This study was aimed at determining the effect of cysteine supplement during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from abattoir ovaries were matured in vitro in Hepes-TCM 199 supplemented with 0.2 mM sodium pyruvate, 1 µg/ml 17-β-estradiol, 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), 0.5 µg/ml bFSH and 0 (control) and 100 or 500 µM/ml of...
November 2011
Effect of two follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) preparations and simplified superovulatory treatments on superovulatory response in Xinji fine-wool sheep
The objective of the present study was to investigate the response of Xinji fine-wool sheep to superovulation with two follicles stimulating hormone (FSH) preparations and simplified superovulatory treatments. In Experiment I, 22 adult Xinji fine-wool sheep were randomly allocated in equal number (n = 11) to two groups which were superovulated with 280 IU FSH-P and 150 mg Folltropin-V, respectively. In...
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