March 2011
Livestock waste-menace: Fish wealth-solution
A review of the use of livestock wastes for sustainable fish wealth creation was done, using information from literature and data from field observation and experimentation. Livestock wastes including animal manure and poultry by-products, which are a menace to the environment, are sources of wealth creation in fish farming. In Nigeria, about 932.5 metric tonnes of manure is...
March 2011
Multivariate cluster analysis of some major and trace elements distribution in an unsaturated zone profile, Densu river basin, Ghana
This study comprises soils formed on Paleoproterozoic Birimian Basement rocks (poorly graded silty sand, gravely sand and silty clays) from the unsaturated zone of the Densu River Basin, taken from a five meter depth. Elemental analysis of the soils samples were carried out by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) to ascertain the levels of major and trace elements (K, Ca, Ti, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Zr, Sr,...
March 2011
The perfect drought? Constraints limiting Kalahari agro-pastoral communities from coping and adapting
Rural Kalahari agro-pastoral communities of Southern Africa have been exposed to drought shocks throughout history and have adapted their livelihoods accordingly. Yet, drought continues to disrupt or threaten to disrupt their production systems. With semi arid Botswana as a case study, this paper hence sought to unearth the factors limiting agro-pastoral communities from adequately coping and adapting to...
March 2011
Determining and modeling the dispersion of non point source pollutants in Lake Victoria: A case study of Gaba Landing site in Uganda
Lake Victoria is an important source of livelihood that is threatened by rising pollution. In this study, pollutants in runoff are characterized and their dispersion after they enter the lake is measured and modeled at different points in the study areas. The objective is to develop a one dimensional mathematical model which can be used to predict the nutrient (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate)...
March 2011
Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soils along major roadside areas in Botswana
Assessment of heavy metal pollutants: Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn was conducted along major roadside soils of Botswana, lying between latitudes 18°S to 27°S and longitudes 20°E to 29°E using enrichment factor ratios (EF), contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) methods. The studied sites were demarcated into five zones referred to as FN...
March 2011
Lead removal in aqueous solution by activated carbons prepared from Cola edulis shell (Alocacée), Pentaclethra macrophylla husk (Mimosaceae) and Aucoumea klaineana sawdust (Burseraceae)
Three activated carbons prepared from vegetable matters of Gabonese biomass are being investigated as adsorbents for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions by means of batch technique. The equilibrium adsorption level was determined to be a function of pH, contact time, temperature and adsorbent dosage. The experimental adsorption data are well applicable to both Freundlich and Langmuir models...
March 2011
GIS based risk assessment of oil spill in the coastal areas of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Assessing the total loss and damages that may result from oil spill constitutes risk assessment. The study area is the coastal Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Akwa Ibom State, located in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. The delta generates the greatest proportion of foreign exchange and internal revenue earnings of the country as the crude oil sector accounts for 90 to 95% of export revenues. Since most of...
March 2011
Development and calibration of a self-recording cup anemometer for wind speed measurement
The design, development and calibration of a digital wind speed measuring device (cup anemometer) has been carried out. The instrument design consists of six electronics block stages: Power stage which supplies power through either a direct current (DC) or an alternating current (AC), input (sensor) stage which senses the number of revolutions per minute (rpm), the clock/triggering stage which was designed to...
March 2011
Comparative analysis of the early growth performance of indigenous Acacia species in revegetating Trojan Nickel Mine tailings in Zimbabwe
Indigenous Acacia species are preferred in mine dump revegetation because of their ability to colonize hostile environments, enhance soil fertility and meet the livelihood and cultural needs of local communities. This study compared early growth performance of three indigenous Acacia sp. namely Acacia...
March 2011
Borehole depth and regolith aquifer hydraulic characteristics of bedrock types in Kano area, Northern Nigeria
In this study, the performance of regolith aquifers derived from the different bedrock types was examined using information on depth of borehole, depth to the static water level, yield of borehole and drawdown in 259 boreholes covering the different bedrock types. Results show that mean depth of wells varies from about 37 to 48 m in rocks of the Younger Granites and in the migmatite-gneiss complex and...
March 2011
The socio-economic impact of the Lake Chad resettlement scheme, Nigeria
This study was undertaken with the objective of assessing the socio-economic impacts that have taken place since the arrival of different batches of settlers following the resettlement scheme. These impacts include damages exerted on the natural environment, accessibility to sites, provision of infrastructural facilities and the overall success/failure of the...
March 2011
An evaluation of waste control measures in construction industry in Nigeria
Improper control of materials during different stages of construction has caused waste and associated environmental problems. Hence, this research assesses the forms, causes and factors incidental to waste and measures to effectively control construction waste. It is shown that among the factors incidental to waste, last minute client requirement was ranked highest as the factor that leads to design...
March 2011
Evaluation of heavy metals pollution of Nokoue Lake
Toxic metals (cadmium, lead, copper and arsenic) assessment was carried out in water and sediments samples of Nokoue Lake. Except for water, a group of sediment samples was mineralized before the analysis with atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The second group of sediment samples was processed for texture analysis. The results revealed that for the physico-chemical characteristics, the pH is from 6.5 to 8.5. Four...
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