Full Length Research Paper
References
Amudha K, Chee KH, Tan KS, Tan CT, Lang CC (2003). Prevalence of peripheral artery disease in urban high-risk Malaysian patients. International Journal of Clinical Practice 57(5):369-372. |
|
Andersson C, Johnson AD, Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vasan RS (2019). 70-year legacy of the Framingham Heart Study. Nature Reviews Cardiology 16(11):687-698. |
|
Barrett-Connor E, Bush TL (1991).Estrogen and Coronary Heart Disease in Women. JAMA 265(14):1861-1867. |
|
Elosua R, LluÃs-Ganella C, Subirana I, Havulinna A, Läll K, Lucas G, et al (2016). Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Ischemic Heart Disease: Is the Confluence of Risk Factors Greater Than the Parts? A Genetic Approach. Circulation Cardiovascular Genetics 9(3):279-286. |
|
Gillum RF (1982). Coronary heart disease in black populations I. Mortality and Morbidity. American Heart Journal 104(4):839-851. |
|
Hajar R (2017). Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease: Historical Perspectives. Heart views 18(3):109-114. |
|
Hayashi T, Fukuto JM, Ignarro LJ, Chaudhuri G (1995). Gender differences in atherosclerosis: possible role of nitric oxide. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 26(5):792-802. |
|
Jaagus H, Sildmae S, Hedma A, Kadarik M, Kaljusaar H, Masik S, et al (2010). Impact of Hypertension, Age and Gender on Atherosclerosis of the Descending Aorta. Journal of Hypertension 28:e464 |
|
Jane FR (2001). Gender Differences in the Regulation of Blood Pressure. Hypertension 37(5):1199-1208. |
|
Kannel WB (2000). Fifty years of Framingham Study contributions to understanding hypertension. Journal of Human Hypertension 14(2):83-90. |
|
Mankad R, Best P (2008). Cardiovascular disease in older women: A challenge in diagnosis and treatment. Women's Health 4(5):449-464. |
|
Maru M (1989). Coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in autopsied patients in Gondar, Ethiopia. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 82(7):399-401. |
|
Matova EE, Vihert AM (1976). Atherosclerosis and hypertension. Bulletin of the WHO 53(6):539-546. |
|
Miller DV (2018). Cardiovascular system IGJ, Lamps LW, McKenney JK, Myers, editors. Rosai and Ackerman's surgical Pathology, 11th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier. |
|
Mitchell RN. Blood vessels IKV, Abbas AK, Aster JC, editors (2015). Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 9th edition. Philadelphia: Saunders pp. 487-501. |
|
Oalmann MC, Strong JP, Tracy RE, Malcom GT (1997). Atherosclerosis in youth: are hypertension and other coronary heart disease risk factors already at work? Pediatric Nephrology 11(1):99-107. |
|
Oguejiofor OC, Oli JM, Odinigbo CU, Oguejiofor CN (2008). The evaluation of age and peripheral vascular disease as risk factors for diabetic foot ulceration among Nigeria patient without foot ulcer. Tropical Journal of Medical Research 12(2):5-8. |
|
Ogunnowo PO, Odesanmi WO, Andy JJ (1986). Coronary artery pathology of 111 consecutive Nigerians. T Roy Soy Troy Med H 80(6):923-926. |
|
Okeahialam BN, Alonge BA, Pam SD, Puepet FH (2011). Carotid Intima Media Thickness as a Measure of Cardiovascular Disease Burden in Nigerian Africans with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Vascular Medicine 1055-1058. |
|
Prabhu MH, Siraj AS, Begum A (2013). Atherosclerosis of Coronary Arteries - An Autopsy Study. GJMR. 13(3 ): |
|
Raitakari O JM, Kahonen M, Taittonen L, Laitinen T (2003). Cardiovascular risk factors in childhood and carotid intima-media thickness in adulthood. The cardiovascular risk factors in young Finns. JAMA 290(17):2277-2283. |
|
Song J, Zheng Z, Wang W, Song Y, Huang J, Wang H (2013). Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenosis by Coronary Angiography. Circulation: Cardiovascular Interventions 6(3):262-268. |
|
Tabatabaei YSA, Bordbar AJ, Hejazi A, Shakeri MT, Karimi SM, Rezaei AR (2009). Prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques in autopsy cases with noncardiac death. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 4(3): 101-104. |
|
The Aric I (1989). The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study: design and objectives. American Journal of Epidemiology 129(4):687-702. |
|
Theodorson T (1995).Cardiovascular risk and risk reduction: a review of recent literature. International Journal of Family and Community Medicine 2(1):19-26. |
|
Tracy RE, Newman WP, Wattigney WA, Berenson GS (1995). Risk Factors and Atherosclerosis in Youth Autopsy Findings of the Bogalusa Heart Study. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 310(1):37-47. |
|
Tsao CW, Vasan RS (2015). Cohort Profile: The Framingham Heart Study (FHS): overview of milestones in cardiovascular epidemiology. International Journal of Epidemiology 1800-1813. |
|
Tyebkhan G (2003). Declaration of Helsinki. Indian. Journal of Dermatology 69(3):245-247. |
|
Vihert AM, Zhdanov VS, Matova EE (1996). Atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary vessels of the heart in cases of various diseases. Journal of Atherosclerosis Research 9(2):179-192. |
|
Webber BJ, Seguin PG, Burnett DG, Clark LL, Otto JL (2012). Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Autopsy-Determined Atherosclerosis Among US Service Members, 2001-2011. JAMA 308(24):2577-2583. |
|
Wilkins RH, Roberts JC, JR, Moses C (1959). Autopsy Studies in Atherosclerosis III. Distribution and Severity of Atherosclerosis in the Presence of Obesity, Hypertension, Nephrosclerosis, and Rheumatic Heart Disease. Circulation 20:527-536. |
|
Williams AO (1971). Coronary atherosclerosis in Nigeria. British Heart Journal 33(1):95-100. |
|
Williams OA, Loewenson RB, Lippert DM, Resch JA (1975). Cerebral Atherosclerosis and Its Relationship to selected diseases in Nigerians: a pathological study. Journal of the American Heart Association 6:395-401. |
Copyright © 2023 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0