Journal of
Cell and Animal Biology

  • Abbreviation: J. Cell Anim. Biol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0867
  • DOI: 10.5897/JCAB
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 262

Full Length Research Paper

Degeneration of neuronal cells: A product of fluoride and aluminium assault to the prefrontal cortex

Akinrinade I. D., Ogundele, O. M., Memudu A. E., Adefule A. K. and Kalejaiye E. D.
1Department of Anatomy, Bingham University, Karu, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. 2Department of Anatomy, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. 3Anatomy Department, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ikenne- Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Email: [email protected]

  •  Accepted: 05 June 2013
  •  Published: 30 June 2013

Abstract

Studies have raised the possibility that prolonged exposure to fluoride and aluminium in drinking water is capable of causing neurological impairments. Due to the possible chronic exposure to these substances and their ability to readily interact to form a complex which crosses the blood-brain barrier, it is imperative to assess their neurotoxic effects. This study describes the alterations in the nervous system as a result of treatment with 10 mg/kg sodium fluoride and 200 mg/kg aluminium chloride (AlCl3) for 21 days. Histological sections of brain were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Cresyl fast violet and Periodic-Acid Schiff (PAS) to determine various and distinct changes in the morphology of the cells. Results revealed enlarged cells and membrane degeneration in the treatment group which suggests excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, respectively. The study therefore concludes that fluoride and aluminium have neurotoxic effects by their ability to induce excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and cellular damage.

 

Key words: Fluoride, aluminium, prefrontal cortex, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress.