Abstract

This essay aims at extracting the interrelation of Muslim Friday congregational prayer with politics, as reflected in Islamic jurisprudence with special reference to Hanafî jurist Qâdîkhân. This study also aims at demonstrating, in general, the juristic political thought about the secularity and religion in the Islamic governmental organization. Political literature which composed independently from the juristic texts by the Sunnite Islamic scholars has been scanty. Thereof juristic texts, in general, were invaluable materials for discovering the political thought of them. Furthermore theFatâwa works proved to bare further value as being the best juristic material for they contained the answers given to the actual questions asked by the public and the government. They are also practical matters of their times which interrelated between the theory and practice. Hence, they offered more valuable materials to be examined to discover the real politics of Islam. For this purpose, Qâdîkhân was chosen. His full name is Fakhr al-Dîn al-Hasân b. Mansûr Mahmûd al-Farghânî al-Ûzjandî (d. 592/1192). He was a prominent 6th/12th century Transoxanian Hanafite Turkish jurist. Alongside being a faqîh, he worked in the capital city of Bukhârâ in a number of official positions such as qâdî and muftî during the Turkish Qarakhânid Dynasty (382-607/992-1211). The Qarakhânids were the patrons of a new Turkish-Islamic civilization of the time. Under this Dynasty, the Hanafite School of law was established in this region, and favored the diffusion of Islam from there into the central Asia.

Key words: Qâdîkhân, Friday prayer, politics, secularity