Abstract

Haemonchosis is a parasitosis that affects the abomasum of small ruminants, especially sheep. It is a disease that affects temperate as well as tropical and subtropical regions and can infest animals of any age, resulting in a significant loss of income to farmers. Haemonchus contortus is the parasite responsible for haemonchosis in small ruminants. It is haematophagous and causes serious diseases that decimate the herds of farmers. In view of the consequences of this pathology, an in-depth study has been carried out to gather available information on sheep haemonchosis in order to recommend efficient and sustainable alternative control methods for adoption. The study was carried out using online databases, Semantic scholar to search for articles in order to synthesize existing knowledge, identify gaps in knowledge about this disease and propose perspectives for future research. All articles found were critically read and analysed for inclusion in this literature review article. The review synthesized and analyzed all articles found and included in the study using keywords entered in the online databases. Shortcomings were noted and proposals for non-chemical and sustainable control of sheep haemonchosis were suggested and discussed in view of the damage created by the chemical anthelmintics commonly used by farmers.

Key words: Gastrointestinal strongyle, Haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylidae, cosmopolitan, sheep, anthelmintic, zootechnical performance.