Biodiversity scenario of lower hills of Baikunthpur (Dist.-Koria) Chhattisgarh (India) with special reference to medicinal plants
March 2013
The State of Chhattisgarh has about 44% of its geographical area covered with forests. The Koria District in Chhattisgarh lies between 22°58’ to 23°49’ North latitudes and 81°33’ to 82°45’ East longitude. The average rainfall is 121.36 cm. The forest area is 81.23% of total dist. area. The district Koria has a very rich flora exhibiting diversity specially of medicinal...
The impact of reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD) on forest-dependent livelihoods by gender in Tanzania and the role of the institutional framework for equitable benefits
March 2013
Tanzania has been receiving significant funding from donor countries for the implementation of programmes to reduce emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD). REDD is seen as an opportunity to enhance conservation and livelihoods. But what is the impact of REDD on gender? This is an area of inquiry that has not been critically looked into. This study was an attempt towards filling this...
Diversity of Collembola (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) across different types of vegetation in Brazil
March 2013
The diversity of Collembola across three forest types was compared on the basis of species richness, abundance and species turnover. The goal of this study was to identify patterns of diversity at local scale in each forest type sample and to compare it at the regional scale. Our results showed that samples taken from the Atlantic Forest had higher α, β and γ diversity than those from Amazon Campinarana...
Genetic and phenotypic profiles of West African dwarf and Yankasa sheep breeds in Nigeria
February 2013
One thousand two hundred and seventeen (1217) traditionally managed sheep comprising 491 West African dwarf (WAD) (154 males and 337 females) and 97 Yankasa (29 males and 68 females) sampled over the Southwest Nigeria were used to assess allelic frequencies of qualitative trait loci based on defined genetic determinations in sheep. Traits investigated include wattles, ear size and attitude, eumelanin, coat spot,...
A preliminary investigation into nesting and nest predation of the critically endangered, gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) at Boksar in Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttarakhand, India
February 2013
The gharial, Gavialis gangeticus, is an endemic crocodilian of the north Indian subcontinent and is also found in the Corbett Tiger Reserve. Surveys in Corbett National Park in 1974 recorded only five gharial whereas current estimates are 42 adults inclusive of 10 adult males and 59 individuals of smaller size classes. This study confirms that the expanded population in the Kalagarh Reservoir is breeding, although...
Timber species assessment in Wari-Maro forest in Benin Republic
February 2013
Forest degradation has been worsening over the past years by the numerous populations seeking a means of living, without respecting minimum conservation rules. Converting forests into timber is another cause of deforestation. In Wari-Maro, a protected forest, timber tree species such as, Afzelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Khaya senegalensis, Pseudocedrela kostchyi, Ceibapentanda andChlorophora...
Sumatran elephant ranging behavior in a fragmented rainforest landscape
February 2013
Increasingly, habitat fragmentation by agricultural and human development has forced Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) into relatively small areas; yet, there is no information on the movements and home range behaviors of elephants on Sumatra. Using a GPS collar, we estimated the home range sizes of an adult female elephant (one of a herd of 40 to 60) in the Seblat Elephant Conservation Center (SECC),...
Variation in woody vegetation structure and composition in a semi-arid savanna of Southern Zimbabwe
February 2013
The objectives of this study were: i) to establish the status of woody vegetation structure and composition, and ii) to determine the main factors influencing woody vegetation structure and composition across Gonarezhou National Park, Zimbabwe. We divided the park into three large strata based on natural and artificial features. A total of 137 sample plots were randomly placed to gather data on woody vegetation in the...
Stem cut: An alternative propagation technology for rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) tree species
February 2013
Rubber tree is known to be the white gold tree species in Mindanao Philippines due to its high priced latex product. It is a seasonal tree which has problems on seed propagation thus; stem cut rubber was tested for sprouting and rooting potentials as affected by stem parts and levels of alpha naphthalene acetic acid (ANAA). The experiment employed a split-split plot design in lay-out and data analysis. Theresults...
An ethno-veterinary survey of medicinal plants in woredas of Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia
February 2013
For generations, the use of ethno-veterinary practices to treat and control livestock diseases is an old practice in a large part of the world, particularly developing countries where animal health services are still very poor. This study was undertaken to document the ethno-veterinary medicinal plant knowledge of 115 purposively selected local farmers in Tanqua-Abergele and Kolla-Tembien woredas of Tigray region using...
Population sizes of cotton pygmy-goose Nettapus coromandelianus Gmelin in some places of Assam (India)
January 2013
The breeding season is of paramount importance to the population size of waterfowl. All of the increase in population size occurs, as does much of the mortality during that season, which is often but a fraction of the entire year. Population of a species is indicative of the environmental factors of that area which strictly influences the species. The study includes the population size of the Cotton...
Socio-cultural factors influencing gender-based violence on agricultural livelihood activities of rural households in Ogun State, Nigeria
January 2013
Relationships are socially and culturally constructed. A range of socio-cultural factors such as beliefs, norms, values, taboos, community, expectation, rules, laws and policies, economic and physical resources, technological and ethical factors influence an individual’s attitudes towards behaviour’s in and expectation about relationships. The objective of the study is to analyse socio-cultural factors...
Social organization of Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) population in the Chambi National Park, Tunisia
January 2013
The Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia), "kabsh arwi" in Arabic, is a threatened wild endemic to North Africa. It was introduced in Chambi National Park of Tunisia in 1987. The study of the organization of Barbary sheep population was investigated 23 years after this introduction. The surveys were conducted during breeding and rutting seasons. The majority of herds sighted in Chambi National Park in Tunisia both...
Conservation status of plant species in Tehsil Takht-e-Nasrati, District Karak, Khyber Pakhtun Khawa, Pakistan
January 2013
In the present study, the conservation status of 45 species belonging to 26 families of 22 trees and 23 shrubs were determined on the basis of IUCN conservation criteria in Tehsil Takht-e-Nasrati, District Karak, which was conducted in spring, summer and winter 2010 to 2011. There were 20 (44.44 %) vulnerable, 16 (35.56 %) rare, 7 (15.56 %) endangered and 2 (4.44 %) were infrequent. After two years extensive field...
Noninvasive genetic assessment of population status of tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India
January 2013
Population size estimation is a prerequisite for assessment of conservation status of a species in its natural habitat. With a global scenario of vanishing local population of tigers in many parts of its range distribution, estimation of the minimum number of individuals is vital for prioritizing conservation attention to specific areas with long term possibility of survival of the species. In the present study, DNA...
Biodiversity of coastal Lagoon in Nallavadu village, Puducherry, India
January 2013
The floristic and macro faunal diversity in Nallavadu lagoon (Puducherry, India) with an aerial length of 3.44 km was sampled monthly from June, 2009 to June, 2010. The lagoon salinity was 7.6 during post-monsoon period and 8.7 in pre-monsoon. Sequence of increased and decreased patterns in species diversity was noted during post-monsoon and pre-monsoon periods. Final results revealed, a total of 21 flora species (17...
Biodiversity of plant species in Tehsil Takht-e-Nasrati, Pakistan
January 2013
The current study illustrates the proportional description of the biodiversity of plants in Tehsil Takht-e-Nasrati, Pakistan. The highest value (3.097) of species diversity was obtained from southern area in spring, while the lowest value (1.75) was obtained from Jahangeri Banda in winter. The highest value (5.752) of species richness was obtained from Warana in winter, while the lowest value (2.08) was obtained from...
Fish diversity of North East India, inclusive of the Himalayan and Indo Burma biodiversity hotspots zones: A checklist on their taxonomic status, economic importance, geographical distribution, present status and prevailing threats
December 2012
The paper lists 422 fish species from north east India, belonging to 133 genera and 38 families. The maximum diversity is observed in the family Cyprinidae, which is represented by 154 species. Families Anguillidae, Engraulidae, Chacidae, Aplocheilidae, Syngnathidae, Sciaenidae, Osphronemidae, Ophichthidae, Pristigastiridae and Tetraodontidae are represented by a single species each. The habitat, economic...
Human–elephant conflict: Do elephants contribute to low mean grades in schools within elephant ranges?
December 2012
African elephant’ interfering with pupils’ attendance at school is one of the often mentioned, but less documented form of human-elephant conflict (HEC) and can result in reduced education standards of pupils and schools, human deaths and injuries and the retaliatory killing of elephants. This, however, has not been proven, apart from the anecdotal evidence; hence no mitigation measures have been...
Vegetation structure and composition in Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya in Central India
December 2012
Diversity of plants includes their presence and habit in specific ecological area. Plants’ adaptability, genetic makeup and related environment influence their composition. This present study aims to assess vegetation on campus. A total number of 273 plant species belonging to 84 families were recorded, in which Fabaceae registered as the largest family with 38 plant species. Herbs showed their maximum...
A case study of termite mound occurrence in relation to forest edges and canopy cover within the Barandabhar forest corridor in Nepal
December 2012
The Barandabhar forest corridor (BFC) in the Royal Chitwan National Park is an example of a buffer zone implemented to mitigate the effect of local communities on conservation and the effect of conservation on local communities. However, the effectiveness of these actions for conservation may depend on the intensity of human activity and the species considered. We conducted a field survey within the BFC to study how...
Habitat use of mountain nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni, Lyddeker, 1911) in the Bale Mountains National Park, Ethiopia
December 2012
A study on habitat use of the mountain nyala (Tragelaphus buxtoni), an endemic ungulate known to science in 1908, was conducted from May to June 2007 in the Bale Mountains National Park (BMNP). The study area was divided into three major habitat group based upon the dominant vegetation and relative location. Vegetation use by the animal were accessed in randomly laid 171 square plots of 100 m2 area size along...
Vegetation analysis of Montane forest of Western Ghats with special emphasis on RET species
December 2012
We explored the degree to which Bangladeshi farmers perceive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) as agricultural pests, as related to the type of farming and other characteristics of the farmers. We analysed the size and cropping patterns of farms raided by wild elephants, the extent and nature of crop loss, the months and timing of crop raiding, and the size of the crop-raiding elephants’ herds. The...
Determination of the local, national/global status and effect of urbanization on Carnivora mammals in Jammu District and Trikuta Hills of JandK, India
November 2012
During present study, from 2004 to 2006 in Jammu District and 2006 to 2009 in Trikuta Hills, the impact of urbanization on carnivores was studied. Order carnivora is represented by 5 species. Their local and national/global status was also determined. It was also found that urbanization is taking place by leaps and bounds, which has affected wildlife of the area mostly by habitat destruction, habitat fragmentation and...
Benefits and access to natural resources influence conservation perceptions and relationship between local people and other stakeholders: The case of Serengeti ecosystem, Tanzania
November 2012
Tanzania, like other countries in Africa has adopted collaborative management as one of its conservation and rural development strategies. However, resource use conflicts have been resurfacing among resource stakeholders. This study was carried out to review relationships between local people and government conservation institutions, district councils, and the private investors in Western and Eastern...
Bushmeat and food security: Species preference of sundried bushmeat in communities in the Serengeti - Mara ecosystem, Tanzania
November 2012
Bushmeat is reported to be an important source of animal protein for people’s diet and income to rural communities around protected areas. Data for bushmeat preferences among local people bordering Serengeti National Park, Northern Tanzania, were collected through various techniques, including a key informant survey, group discussions, meat taste experiments and questionnaires. Multiple responses...
Genetic diversity, population structure and conservation implication of the endemic Sumatran lowland dipterocarp tree species (Shorea javanica)
November 2012
Shorea javanica is an economically important dammar-producing tree, endemic to tropical lowland forest in Sumatra and Java, Indonesia. Total population size, however, is very limited and endangered. We sequenced three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA and three nuclear genes, and genotyped seven microsatellite loci in six populations representing the current species distribution. There was no variation in...
Determinants of vegetation composition and diversity of a moist forest-savanna boundary in south-eastern Zimbabwe
November 2012
Determinants of a forest-savanna boundary were investigated around Chirinda forest, south-eastern Zimbabwe. Vegetation data were collected in 60 plots along ten 200 m-transects demarcated across the forest boundary. Geology, soil properties, physiography and fire were recorded as explanatory variables. Species composition changed significantly across the boundary, with 100% species turn-over between extreme...
Studies on the community ecology of cattle egrets Bubulcus ibis coromandus (Boddaert) in Jammu (Jammu and Kashmir), India
October 2012
Some species of birds mirror an association with herbivores like buffaloes, cows, horses and goats to have their sustenance by feeding on insects living either near or on them. This paper attempts to document such associations of cattle egrets with the above mentioned mammals and birds like little egret, pond heron, common myna, cormorants and purple moorhen thereby throwing light on the various foraging...
Studies on genetic variability for morphological, water use efficiency, yield and yield traits in early segregating generation of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)
October 2012
Twenty eight F2 populations were evaluated for genetic parameters of 23 characters of morphological, physiological, yield and yield attributes during spring 2009. TPT-4 x ICGV-91114 was distinct for its lowest mean value for days to maturity and highest mean values for number of well-filled and mature pods per plant, shelling percentage, 100- kernel weight. The F2 involving JL-220 as one of the...
Genetic diversity assessment of Phaseolus vulgaris L. landraces in Nigeria’s mid-altitude agroecological zone
October 2012
Phaseolus vulgaris L. is a valuable and highly nutritious food legume. In Nigeria, it is highly underutilized, being consumed in few parts of Plateau and Taraba States within the mid-altitude agroecological zone. In order to provide information on breeding and improvement for better acceptability, genetic diversity among eleven landraces grown within this zone, belonging to six phenotypic classes based...
Traditional uses and cultivation of indigenous watermelons (Citrullus lanatus) in Mali
October 2012
Traditional knowledge associated with uses and cultivation of indigenous watermelon landraces was surveyed in five regions of Mali. Production of local types of watermelon plays an important role for many households. Farmers in charge of the production were mostly men, while women were in charge of seed extraction and processing. In total, ten types of landraces were differentiated, of which seven were seed...
The impact, uses, and ecological role of agrestals in two selected agroecosystems of Eastern India
October 2012
Agricultural fields contain some small plants (weeds) which are known as agrestals. Generally, weeds are perceived as unwanted intruders in agro-ecosystems that compete for resources, reduce yields, and force the use of human labor and technology to prevent crop losses; but not all weeds are undesirable. Some weeds act as valuable agro-ecosystem components. They serve as nutritious foods, and important...
Interactions between short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and the winter pelagic pair-trawl fishery off Southwest England (UK)
October 2012
During offshore and onshore studies (2004 to 2009), the interactions between pair-trawls and short-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) were studied to better understand the impact of bycatch. A ‘hotspot’ area where pair-trawls overlapped with high dolphin abundance was identified. We made comparisons between boat-based data collected in absence and presence of pair-trawlers....
Land use practices and their implications on soil macro-fauna in Maasai Mara ecosystem
October 2012
The composition, abundance, diversity and species richness of soil macro-fauna communities were assessed in four major land use types present within protected and agricultural landscapes in Maasai Mara savannah ecosystem (MME), Kenya. The four land uses were: natural grassland; woodland, inside and outside protected area; maize mono-cropping and maize-bean intercropping systems in adjacent agricultural farms....
Effects of sugarcane farming on diversity of vegetable crops in Mumias Division, Western Kenya
October 2012
Sugarcane farming is a commercial monocultural land use practice which often lead to reduction in agrobiodiversity. The study was carried out in Mumias Division of Western Kenya where 68% of the land is under commercial sugarcane cultivation while 32% is left for subsistence agriculture and other land uses. The objectives of the study were: to identify the indigenous vegetable grown in Mumias...
Distribution, conservation and folk uses of Vaibidang (Embelia ribes Burm. f.)
October 2012
Vaibidang (Embelia ribes Burm. f.) is a red listed climbing shrub found in the semi-evergreen to evergreen forests of India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and China, whose fruits are used in a large number of Ayurvedic formulations. It is traditionally used as analgesic, antipyretic, antibacterial, antifertility and anthelmintic in different parts of India. The dosage of traditional...
Sources of natural dyes and tannins among the Somali community living in Garissa County, Kenya
September 2012
This study was undertaken in Garissa County to document the trees and other plant species used as sources of natural dyes and tannins. A survey involving a total of 71 respondents was conducted in six divisions of Garissa County. The respondents were randomly selected and interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and SPSS computer packages (Version...
Relationship between flower, immature pod pigmentation and seed testa of cowpea
September 2012
Seed testa colour is the first morphological lead to the recognition of preferred cowpea varieties. Differences among a population of four segregated lines of a cowpea accession were examined at the CSIR – PGRRI experimental fields during 2010. These four lines descended from cowpea accession Gh4524 and are distinguished based on their grain testa colour. The different grain coat colours were examined...
Status of the Swayne’s Hartebeest, (Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei) meta-population under land cover changes in Ethiopian Protected Areas
September 2012
This study aims to understand status and population structures of Swaynes’ Hartebeest (SHB) (Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei) meta-population under land cover changes in Maze National Park (MaZNP), Nech Sar National Park (NNP) and Senkele Swayne’s Hartebeest Sanctuary (SHBS) from 2008 to 2009. A total, with direct count method based on silent detection of vehicles...
Relationship between stand regime and population structure of Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Meliaceae) and Terminalia macroptera (Combretaceae) in the Biosphere Reserve of Pendjari (Benin, West Africa)
September 2012
One of the major reasons for reforestation failure using tropical species is misunderstanding of the neighbourhood relationship within tree populations. This study used the natural stand structures ofTerminalia macroptera and Pseudocedrela kotschyi, two socio-economically important species, to design enrichment planting. A comparative analysis of the population structure of P....
Avian diversity and its association with vegetation structure in different elevational zones of Nainital district (Western Himalayan) of Uttarakhand
August 2012
Avian diversity was studied in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand, India at different elevations. A total of 174 bird species belonging to 38 families were identified along with the elevational zone of forest habitats. We sampled in different elevational forest habitats to understand the vegetation structure and its effect on avian community. Field studies were conducted during January 2006 to January 2008....
Forest disturbance and natural regeneration in an African rainforest at Korup National Park, Cameroon
August 2012
This study investigated the effect of disturbance on the biodiversity of a tropical rainforest. Gap sizes, their distribution and the causal factors were evaluated in the 50 ha Korup Forest Dynamics Plot (KFDP). The regeneration of species was evaluated in the gaps of KFDP, Isangele roadside gaps and its adjoining closed forest. It was observed that gaps make up to 0.1% of the KFDP, and their distribution was...
Attitudes of the local community towards the conservation of the common langur (Semnopithecus entellus) in Keshabpur, Bangladesh
August 2012
This paper analyses human-langur interactions and people’s attitudes towards common langur (Semnopithecus entellus) conservation in six villages of Keshabpur Upazila, Jessore, Bangladesh. The data for this study are based on responses to a questionnaire administered over a period of 12-months from September 2009 to August 2010. Habitat alterations have increased the number of human-langur interactions...
Global amphibian declines: A review
July 2012
Global biodiversity losses have assumed the status of a crisis and as a part of it, many amphibian populations are declining. It is estimated that the current rate of extinction is greater than any known in the last 100,000 years. Recent studies have shown that nearly one-third of amphibian species are threatened. Amphibians are thought to be indicator species of overall environmental health, and...
Biodiversity of Sapindaceae in West Africa: A checklist
July 2012
This paper aims at documenting species belonging to the family Sapindaceae in West Africa. Samples were collected for 2 years (May 2008 to April 2010) using random sampling from various sites including botanic gardens and forest reserves. 104 taxa were observed encompassing 26 genera: Allophylus (16), Aporrhiza (3), Blighia (3), Cardiospermum (3), Chytranthus (10),...
Population census of critically endangered Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. Don) Soo in Suru valley, (cold desert region, Jammu and Kashmir, India)
June 2012
Dactylorhiza hatagirea (D. Don), Soo (Panja, Salam-panja or Hath-panja) is a critically endangered native and high value medicinal plant of the Himalayan Region. The several medicinal properties of the roots of this species have increased its risk of extinction due to pressures for utilization. It is also subjected to browse by cattle’s. The species also does not regenerate well in nature...
Co-existence of Sicyos angulatus and native plant species in the floodplain of Tama River, Japan
June 2012
Invasive alien plants have encroached and outcolonized many native species in almost all Japanese river floodplains in recent years. Sicyos angulatus is one of the most notorious invasive lianas. To monitor the impact of S. angulatus and its association with other species, S. angulatus colonies were explored by volunteer bio-monitors in the Tama River floodplain from 2006 to 2009. The data...
Check-list and conservation strategies of the genus Ceropegia in India
June 2012
In India the genus Ceropegia is represented by 55 species including four varieties, of which nearly 43 species are facing threats. This genus comprises of medicinal and ornamental species. In this review, we tried to compile the current status of the genus with regard to its distribution, economic importance, propagation methods, conservation through reproduction, micro-propagation and reasons for...
Distribution and abundance of terrestrial orchids of the genus Bletia in sites with different degrees of disturbance, in the Cupatitzio Natural Reserve, México
June 2012
In this work, we determined the distribution and relative abundance of terrestrial orchids of the genusBletia in the Cupatitzio Natural Reserve, Michoacán, México, during two flowering seasons. Four different sampling sites were identified according to degree of disturbance and site quality. Relative abundance was established with an arbitrary scale of four values: abundant (>40...
Page 10 of 14, showing 50 records out of 678 total, starting on record 451, ending on 500
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