January 2011
Deficit irrigation practices as alternative means of improving water use efficiencies in irrigated agriculture: Case study of maize crop at Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Deficit irrigation is becoming an important strategy to reduce agricultural water use in arid and semi-arid regions. A field experiment was conducted in 2007 to examine the effect of deficit irrigation on the yield performance of maize crop under Arba Minch (Ethiopia) condition. Based on four phonological growth stages (establishment, vegetative, flowering and grain-filling stages) of maize, the crop was subjected to...
January 2011
Assessment of irrigation systems for dry season vegetable production in urban and peri-urban zones of Ibadan and Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria
Dry season vegetable irrigation system plays a key role in the economics of Nigeria as a basic source of food, income, and employment generation especially in the off-season of rainfall agriculture. This diagnostic study was embarked upon to assess the different irrigation systems to better understand the characteristic problems and needs. This article reports on some general information on irrigation systems that are...
January 2011
Hazard analysis and critical control points in palm oil processing in Anambra State, Nigeria
Palm oil processing with the indigenous technology which is mainly women’s occupation at the village level in Akamili, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria was assessed with the hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) system for food safety and quality. The analysis showed that the hazards existed at all stages of process. The critical control points were the sorting stage of the palm fruits, clarification to...
January 2011
Ecological relations between forest communities and environmental variables in the Lishan Mountain Nature Reserve, China
This study attempts to reveal the relationships between forest communities and environmental variables in the Lishan Mountain Nature Reserve, North China. The Lishan Reserve is located at E111° 05’ 43” - 111° 56’29”, N35º 29’ 07” - 35° 23’10”, and is a part of Zhongtiao mountain range. Floristic and environmental data from fifty-eight quadrats, each of 10...
January 2011
A study on structural features in early flower development of Jatropha curcas L. and the classification of its inflorescences
Jatropha curcas L. produces seed oil that is viewed as having tremendous potential as an economical alternative for diesel fuel. Seed yield, the main factor determining jatropha oil production, is highly associated with flower development, especially with the number of female flowers. However, little was known regarding floral development in this species. Accordingly, studies were undertaken to develop more...
January 2011
A study on hyperspectral estimating models of Tobacco Leaf Area Index
Leaf Area Index (LAI) is an important biophysical parameter and is a critical variable in many ecology models, productivity models, and carbon circulation studies. To assess and compare various hyperspectral models in terms of their prediction power of tobacco LAI, tobacco canopy hyperspectral reflectance data of the root extending stage, fast growing stage, and mature stage in different water-nitrogen conditions were...
January 2011
Evaluation and modification of model for the prediction of wheat yield at Iran region
In this study, the mentioned model was evaluated and modified for simulation of winter wheat (Sabalan cul.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions in Maragheh area (Eastern Azarbayejan province) of Iran for three consecutive crop years (1999 - 2000 to 2001 -2002). The simulated and measured grain yields were compared. Results show that the model was simulated satisfactory for the grain yield under irrigated condition,...
January 2011
Effects of continuous cropping duration on population dynamics of second-stage juvenile Meloidogyne spp. and free-living soil nematodes
Due to continuous cropping over many years, the root-knot nematode (Meloidogynespp.) has become a severe pest in plastic film greenhouses in China. This study investigated the populations of root-knot nematode second-stage juveniles (J2) in comparison to other free-living soil nematodes in soils continuous cropped for different durations. Overall, the J2 population increased with the duration of continuous cropping. The...
January 2011
Estimating the production in two shrub species of Atriplex canescens and Haloxylon ammodendron using some morphological parameters
In this study, the relationship between production as an independent variable and small diameter, large diameter, height, canopy cover, volume, average diameter height as dependent variables in Atriplex canescens and Haloxylon ammodendron were evaluated to select the best variables for estimating production in these species. The study site was located in Yousef Abad Neyshabur Rangelands, North East...
January 2011
Estimating the production in two shrub species of Atriplex canescens and Haloxylon ammodendron using some morphological parameters
In this study, the relationship between production as an independent variable and small diameter, large diameter, height, canopy cover, volume, average diameter height as dependent variables in Atriplex canescens and Haloxylon ammodendron were evaluated to select the best variables for estimating production in these species. The study site was located in Yousef Abad Neyshabur Rangelands, North East...
January 2011
Effects of feed forms and feeding frequency on growth performance and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings
A 12-week feeding experiment was conducted to determine the optimum feeding frequency and best feed form for the growth and nutrient utilization of African catfishClarias gariepinus. Three replicate groups of fish (average weight of 3.05+0.25 g) were fed at 5% body weight using either floating or sinking pellets at different feeding frequencies (three meals a day, two meals a day or one meal a day) in a 2 ×...
January 2011
Tolerance of yolk sac and free swimming fry of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) to chemotherapeutic doses of formalin
This study reports tolerance levels and lethal concentrations of yolk sac and free swimming fry of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) to different therapeutic doses of formalin. Comparative treatments were up to 2000 ppm for 15, 30 and 60 min exposure times and up to 150 ppm for 24 h exposure time for the second experiment on lethal concentrations. In both fry stages, higher survivals were recorded at short exposure...
January 2011
Genetic characterization of three breeds of high royal jelly producing honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica) in China
There are three most famous breeds of high royal jelly producing honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica) in China. After numerous rounds of selection for royal jelly production, the royal jelly production of the three breeds is much higher than the unselected. It is important to maintain genetic diversity of breeds in selective breeding and stock management. The genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of three breeds...
January 2011
Study on persistence tests of miticides abamectin and fenproximate to predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae)
Economically, the most important species are the polyphagous pest two-spotted spider mite called Tetranychus urticae Koch and the predaceous phytoseiid mite calledPhytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot which is successfully used as biological control agent in a number of agricultural ecosystems. To evaluate the toxicity of the two current miticides (abamectin and fenpyroximate) on predatory mite P....
January 2011
Design and construction of a solar drying system, a cylindrical section and analysis of the performance of the thermal drying system
In this work, a solar drying system of a cylindrical section which consists of a solar collector flat plate, drying chamber cylindrical section and a fan was built and designed for the purpose of drying 70 kg of bean crop. And there was an analysis of a thermal solar collector with flat plate absorption being obtained at the maximum temperature outlet of 71.4°C at 11 am. At radiation intensity, 750 W/m² for air...
January 2011
Analysis of regional disparities and wage convergence in Alabama
This paper examines the degree to which real wages have converged in Alabama over the last thirty-seven years. The increase in government transfers, improvement in information technology and possibly, other government assistance programs would suggest that, wages in spatially dispersed counties within nation-state should become similar over time. However, the interrelation between business cycles, migration, employment...
January 2011
Investigating the effects of targeting subsidies on macroeconomics variables of agricultural sector in Iran
The aim of this study is simulating the results of targeting subsidies on macroeconomics variables of agricultural sector in Iran. In order to achieving the objectives of this study, a multi-sector computable general equilibrium model with five quintiles of rural and urban households is developed to analyze the results of elimination and redistribution of subsidies according to the law of targeting subsidies in Iran....
January 2011
A time series analysis of structural break time in the macroeconomic variables in Ethiopia
This research examines the structural break dates for export, import and GDP in Ethiopia using annual macroeconomic time series data spanning the years from 1974 through 2009. The study revealed that Ethiopia economy has been subject to a structural change and regime shift during the sample period. This paper reviews tests for structural change in linear regression models with Chow test which was formalised from Perron...
January 2011
Costing on-farm conservation of crop diversity: The case of sorghum and wheat in Ethiopia and implications for policy
The purpose of the paper is to estimate on-farm conservation costs based on household-level financial opportunity costs which, in turn, are estimated using sorghum and wheat household survey data from Ethiopia. The results suggest that opportunity costs need to be responsive to agricultural development opportunities, crop types and farmers’ characteristics which will all affect the national level conservation...
January 2011
Developing participatory extension applications in Turkey
The purpose of extension is to increase the living standard of the farmers and their families in the rural areas. Extension services in Turkey have been implemented mainly by the Ministry of Agriculture since the 1940s and are currently organized by the administrative districts of the Provincial Agricultural Directorates. Agricultural extension approaches in Turkey have been mainly derived from extension applications in...
January 2011
Regression analysis of effective factor on people participation in protecting and revitalizing of pastures and forests in Ilam province from the view of users
The purpose of this study is the regression analysis of effective factor on participation in Protecting and revitalizing of pastures and forests in Ilam province. This study is a casual comparison, and application of it to one sample was taken from natural resources users .The sample size of groups was obtained by Cochran formula and it was 317 for users respectively for sample selection, stratified, cluster and...
January 2011
Statistical Mix: Sequential statistical analysis approach to legitimate statistical techniques in agricultural extension, education and rural development
Amalgamation of extensive theoretical models, a considerable number of variables (observed and latent), and a considerable number of uncontrollable intervening variables require behavioral (casual) researchers to have sufficient statistical reasoning and thinking competencies to structure a core ‘Statistical Mix’ embodied with statistical procedures appropriately to test their research hypothesis...
January 2011
Effective factors on the employment status of agricultural graduates in Iran
The main purpose of this study was to analyse the effective factor(s) on employment status of agricultural graduates. It was quantitative and applied research that conducted through descriptive-survey method. Questionnaire (that developed by researchers base on literature review) and interview consisted the means for data gathering. Statistical population of research consisted of all agricultural graduates in seven...
January 2011
Assessing the contribution of alternative agriculture to poverty reduction and employment creation: A case study of sugar beet cultivation in Kenya
In Kenya, the government is promoting high-value and drought resistant crop varieties in an effort to reduce poverty in rural areas. Sugar beet is one such crop. This study was conducted with two objectives: 1) to assess the opportunities and challenges for sugar beet cultivation and adoption in the Nyandarua district of Kenya and 2) to assess whether sugar beet adoption can offer an opportunity for escaping poverty for...
January 2011
Factors affecting environmental, economic and social aspects of sustainable agriculture in Iran
The perception of greenhouse owners about the environmental, economic and social aspects of sustainable agriculture was discussed in this article. The methodology used in this study involved a combination of descriptive and quantitative research and included the use of correlation, regression and descriptive analysis as data processing methods. The target population for this study consisted of greenhouse...
January 2011
Experimental study of shape and volume of wetted soil in trickle irrigation method
Due to the decreasing availability of water resources and the increasing competition for water between different users, improving agricultural water use efficiency is vitally important in many parts of the world that have limited water resources. In designing trickle irrigation systems, the dimension of the wetted volume is one of the main factors in determining the spacing of drippers. This study was designated to...
January 2011
Graphical visualisation and domain partitioning of minerals in clay fraction of soils from Capricorn District, South Africa
Modeling techniques were used to study minerals in clay fraction of soils from Capricorn District, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Minerals in the clay fraction of soils were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and semi-quantified. The minerals were then subjected to a combination of exploratory data analysis (EDA), graphicalvisualisation and domain-partitioning techniques in order to determine their...
January 2011
Market access, intensification and productivity of common bean in Ethiopia: A microeconomic analysis
This work analyses on-farm adjustments in land allocation and intensification in a commercial crop following the increases in market demand in a developing economy. Drawing from the survey conducted among common bean producers in Ethiopia in 2008, a two stage econometric method was used to investigate the contribution of market access and other micro-level factors in facilitating crop intensification and productivity....
January 2011
Training needs of members in cooperative dairy marketing in Ethiopia
Cooperative education and training are the most significant pillars of a strong and self-reliant co-operative movement. Realizing the importance of the Co-operative education and training needs, this research paper attempted to determine the training needs of members with the specific objectives of determining their level of awareness, to identify their training needs, to examine the association between training...
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