Abstract

Coriandrum sativum L. commonly known as “Coriander” is an annual herb, indicated for a number of medical properties in traditional medicine. For a long time, C. sativum has been used in traditional medicines as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial agent. Its essential oil is also used as a natural fragrance with some medicinal properties. C. sativum has recently been shown to have antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Volatile components, flavonoids, and isocoumarins are the main constituents of C. sativum. 2-decenoic acid, E-11-tetradecenoic acid, and capric acid were identified as the major components for C. sativum leaves essential oil. The seed oil contained linalool and geranyl acetate. Due to the easy collection of the plant and being widespread and also remarkable biological activities, this plant has become both food and medicine in many parts of the world. This review presents comprehensive analyzed information on the botanical, chemical, and pharmacological aspects of C. sativum.

Key words: Coriandrum sativum, apiaceae, phytochemistry, pharmacology.