Abstract

Boletales is an order of the subclass Phallomycetidae, which comprises of a wide variety of morphological types of macrofungi, including the boletes and earthballs. In this paper, the gasteroid members of the Boletales from Rio Grande do Sul State, in southern Brazil, were revised. Specimens were collected during the years 2006 to 2009, analyzed macro and microscopically and the collections are preserved at the herbarium ICN. The following taxa were recorded: Rhizopogon roseolus (Rhizopogonaceae), Calostoma zanchianum, Pisolithus arhizus, Scleroderma albidum, Scleroderma bovista, Scleroderma citrinum, Scleroderma dictyosporum, Scleroderma fuscum, Scleroderma laeve and Scleroderma verrucosum(Sclerodermataceae). Scleroderma dictyosporum and S. laeve are reported for the first time from Brazil. A key for the identification of the species of Scleroderma is provided and colour photographs and line drawings of the basidiospores are presented for all taxa studied.

Key words: Basidiomycota, Calostomataceae, ectomycorrhizal fungi, Eucalyptus, Pinus,Pisolithaceae, taxonomy.