A review of trade liberalisation and trade between Jordan and the United States
October 2013
Promoting trade is a key aspect of Jordan’s development policy. As a developing country, increasing exports and maintaining a healthy balance of trade with its trading partners are amongst the government’s most important goals. The Free Trade Agreement (FTA) signed with the United States in 2000 is a cornerstone of Jordan’s foreign economic policy and a key test case for its broader policy...
Foreign policy of Eritrea: Explained in the light of ‘democratic peace’ proposition
September 2013
During the past two decades since its independence in 1991, Eritrea’s foreign policy had been characterized by conflict and confrontation. It maintained pretty much troubled and usually violent relations with all its neighbours. Likewise, its relations with major powers at the international arena had been strained, particularly since the beginning of the last decade. Its relations with donors and human...
Impact of “Implementing the Third Mission of Universities in Africa (ITMUA) collaborative research project, 2010-2011â€
September 2013
This article is informed by the Implementing the Third Mission of Universities in Africa (ITMUA) which was an 18 months Action Research collaborative regional research project incepted January 2010 to August 2011. It was a Support Project of the UK Department for International Development (DFID) in Africa, and the Association of African Universities (AAU), Accra under the Mobilizing Regional Capacity Initiative...
Is the Eritrean Government a victim or a sponsor of Islamic extremism and terrorism?
August 2013
The government of Eritrea stands accused by numerous United Nations reports as well as by neighbouring countries, of supporting and sponsoring Islamic insurgents in the Horn of Africa, yet it suppresses its home-grown Islamic insurgents at home. Most interestingly, the Eritrean government is dominated by Christians. This raises questions. What does the Christian-dominated government of Eritrea share or have...
Siachen stalemate
July 2013
Indian and Pakistani militaries have been occupying the Siachen Glacier and surrounding regions for decades. Although a cease-fire is in place since November 2003, continued occupation carries the risk of an inadvertent conflict, which could escalate into a full-fledged nuclear-backed confrontation. Political and military analysts in India, Pakistan and abroad now question the strategic significance...
Religion and social cohesion in Ethiopia
July 2013
Ethiopia is one of the fastest growing economies in Africa. It is also a home to multitude of ethnicities, religions and cultures. The country has been experimented with several political formations with mixed results. The recent transformation into a federal state has put religion, ethnicities and the nature of the federal state into direct confrontation with each other. Like many developing countries,...
A perspective on public policies during the last dictatorship and the beginning of democracy in Argentina: The case of “Obras Sanitarias Sociedad de Estado Mar del Plata-Batánâ€
May 2013
During the 1990’s Argentina was at the forefront of one of the most important privatization processes in the Western world. This breaking down of the old, post-war Intervention State began in the 1980’s when this state was in clear decline. The purpose of this paper is to explore the first privatization attempts which -unlike the following privatizations- caused great...
Contact, communication and compassion as stairways to peace: A holistic sociological perspective
May 2013
This paper describes the attitudes of academic Israeli students of Jewish and Arab descent after having participated in diverse processes to promote cross-cultural empathic communication within special workshops and in regular academic courses. Grounded in a holistic planetary consciousness perspective, these experiences suggest that empathy, caring, loving and compassion, taken together as...
The mutual determinants of individual, community, and societal health and peace
February 2013
Health and peace are complex ideologies that share several fundamental elements. In this paper, we begin by defining health and peace to better understand and appreciate their elements and how they can be promoted. Building on this, the paper tackles the determinants of peace and health at various levels: at the individual, community, and societal level by identifying barriers to health and peace promotion....
Conflict zone and developmental issues faced by youth: “A study from Kashmirâ€
February 2013
Conflict in any of its forms affects the human beings; Youth are the future leaders of any nation and impact of conflict hampers their efficiency of work and thinking; this study looks at the issues faced by the youth of Kashmir due to ongoing conflict, arose by infiltration after 1989. A study on youth aging between 15 to 30 years was conducted in three conflicted affected districts of Kashmir....
U.S. Aid falls short in the social, political and economic advancement of Afghan women
December 2012
In this article, the author addresses the effect of USAID investments in educational programs offered to Afghan women and how this investment is falling short in its goal to assist females in securing leadership opportunities that allow them to participate in decision making activity. Annual gross domestic product (GDP) data is reviewed along with the results of newly implemented quota systems in Afghanistan...
Women in the informal sector: Evidence from Southwestern Ethiopia
December 2012
The major objective of this study is to assess the status of women in the informal sector with particular emphasis in south western Ethiopia. The study was carried out in Gomma Woreda of southwestern Ethiopia. In this study primary data sources were used. In the research it was found that there is statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between religion, education, ethnicity and type of...
Political economy of the new slave trade in Africa
November 2012
A macro analysis of various inquiry into the nature and causes of Africa’s crises may revealed a continent placed on perpetual slavery. From trans-Atlantic slave trade to colonialism; from colonialism to flag independence and Neo Colonialism; from trade imperialism to human trafficking; from the rampaging momentum of globalization to erosion of African culture and communal morality; from...
Communal conflict and resource development in Ini Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
November 2012
Communal conflicts and violence have become a plague that has eaten deep into the fabric of Nigerian economy. These conflicts result from different value systems, aggressive competition for environmental resources and ethnic/identity crisis amongst others. In the study area, several communal clashes abound. The major consequence of this bloody communal clashes have been an outright reduction in the livelihood...
Post-conflict operations of local governments in dispute resolution in Northern Uganda
October 2012
Conflicts destroy the social fabric of communities by reducing the ability of people to trust their government and their neighbors. In situations where the conflict has been sustained over decades, as in Northern Uganda, basic levels of trust between individuals, between communities and towards the government have been severely fractured. In the post-conflict period one of the crucial tasks towards providing...
The nexus between labor reallocation and sectoral productivities in Pakistan: 1980 to 2007
October 2012
This paper empirically studies the labor allocation between rural and urban sectors due to economic growth in one of the least developed economies, Pakistan. The paper adopts a time-series analysis from 1980 to 2007, to study the causal impact of sectoral productivities on labor reallocation among sectors. The results indicate that labor productivity in manufacturing induces labor mobility from agriculture to...
Quest for internal party democracy in Nigeria: Amendment of electoral act 2010 as an albatross
May 2012
The conduct of a credible election has been hinged on many factors. One of them is a well-developed internal party democracy. This assertion underscores the quest for internal democracy among the various political parties in Nigeria. Before the enactment of the Electoral Act 2010, stakeholders had argued that Nigeria needs an Electoral law that will incorporate procedures / steps that will guarantee internal...
Migration and policymaking initiatives as appeals to national crises: The Zimbabwean case
March 2012
Migration and policymaking questions have become topical issues in regional and international debates, conferences and policies. In July 2010, the Zimbabwean government in consultation with the International Organization for Migration (IOM) enacted the National Migration Management and Diaspora Policy (NMMDP) to harness the fundamental and meaningful contributions by the diaspora population to national...
Idiosyncrasies of labour market
March 2012
The present study explores the various attributes of labour market with an extensive literature support. The peculiarities of labour market distinguish it from other conventional markets. Studies have observed that labour market loses its market clearing characteristics due to its opaque nature and uncertain outcomes. With inherent complexities and rigidities, it is not possible to attain an equilibrium...
Tackling terrorism in Pakistan
February 2012
Terrorism has become a nuisance for all the citizens of the world especially since the terrorism has taken the form of suicide attacks; this is a phenomenon that cannot be dealt with force. Imagine that a person so motivated that he or she is not afraid to die will eventually end up causing massive destruction. Here in this paper, we discuss the possibilities that can be used to reduce this threat as much as...
Differential reaction patterns to September 11th’s events
February 2012
A quasi-exploratory field study examined the possible differential psychological responses of American (n = 82) and international (n = 50) samples located in the US, to the events of September 11th collected six months after the attack. Comparing two views on the psychological effects of acts of terrorism on the target population, it was hypothesized that the direct target population (American) and the...
Reshaping mind and behaviour: Media and its impacts
November 2011
India, the land of diverse cultural traditions and rituals, where women were once considered to be ‘avatars’ of goddesses are now either being victimized by the continual curse of domestic violence , or as a perpetrator of violent criminal activities. The present paper seeks to find from the available literature resources if the mass media actually plays the role of a catalytic source to...
Impact of political violence and trauma in Gaza on children’s mental health and types of interventions: A review of research evidence in a historical context
November 2011
Children of Gaza have been subject to a wide range of traumatic and violent events over the last few decades, which, when considered alongside other risk factors such as gender, socio-economic status and previous mental health history, have led to significant psychosocial problems. This paper provides a review of research findings from across the territories to reveal high levels of mental health problems,...
The geopolitics of actuality
September 2011
The recent declaration of the “end of geography” and the so-called “de-territorialization of political space”, which results from a combination of revolutionised information technology and a globalized market economy, as well as the free movement of capital beyond borders raises the question of whether scientific enthusiasm can, at times, overshadow scientific prudence. In the face of...
Assessing the effectiveness of the alternative dispute resolution mechanism in the Alavanyo-Nkonya conflict in the Volta region of Ghana
September 2011
Conflict resolution in Ghana has taken centre stage in the last decade with efforts geared towards developing alternative and acceptable mechanisms for dealing with the country’s numerous conflicts. One of such mechanisms that has been given prominence is the alternative dispute resolution mechanism. This research was therefore set out to add its voice to this advocacy by investigating the effectiveness...
Pre-service teacher training for peace education
September 2011
Peace education is more effective and meaningful when adopted according to the social and cultural context and the needs of a country. It should be enriched by its cultural and spiritual values together with the universal human values. It should also be globally relevant. In order for peace education to become a regular inclusion and curriculum expectation within schools, nations and worldwide, teachers must...
Integrating women and gender issues in peace development
July 2011
The last couple of decades have witnessed great changes in the nature of conflict globally. Consequently, the scope of peacekeeping and development operations have widened considerably. The mandates now cover a vast variety of responsibilities, such as promoting human security, supporting power-sharing arrangements and elections, strengthening the rule of law, monitoring respect of human rights and promoting...
Fiscal regulation and expenditure pattern in Maharashtra State
July 2011
The Fiscal Responsibility and Budgetary Management Act of 2004 has improved state finances of Maharashtra, India. It has also reduced fiscal deficit for the state. The sources of income from various state own tax revenue have increased except other taxes on income and expenditure. There is further scope for improving sources of state own tax revenue. After the FRBM Act, the development expenditure on...
Effects of cognitive restructuring and communication skills training on conflict resolution among Nigerian couples
July 2011
The study investigated “Effects of cognitive restructuring skills training (CRT) and communication skills training (CST) on conflict resolution among Nigerian couples. Two behavioural techniques, CRT and CST, and a combination of the two techniques were used on conflicting subjects who had marital problems in Aba metropolitan city of Abia State, Nigeria. The study employed a 4 × 2 factorial design...
Perceived teacher and parental acceptance-rejection, and the academic achievement, adjustment, and behavior of children: Literature review
June 2011
Parental acceptance-rejection theory (PARTheory) is a socialization theory which attempts to predict and explain major causes, consequences and other correlates of parental acceptance-rejection globally. Academic achievement and psychological adjustment have long been of concern to educators, parents and policymakers. Researchers have explored variables which interact between parental acceptance-rejection and...
Philosophical principles in the Shona traditional court system
June 2011
The paper examines the philosophical principles employed in the Shona traditional court system. Premised on the theoretical framework of philosophical sagacity and basing on ethnographic study of actual traditional Shona court sessions in selected Zimbabwean rural areas, the paper traces the logical, epistemic and ethical basic principles used in the Shona court system. Logical principles such as the...
Holistic frontiers in peace and health research
June 2011
Drawing from broad social-cultural-ecological theoretical frameworks, an adaptive model of peace and health research is seen as increasing individual and collective self-efficacy. By locating a path to individual and collective responsibility, situated at the junction of social justice, peace and health, research has the potential to enhance adaptive capacity across scales of human organization, and to set...
Framing the Bahamian developmental state: An alternative policy package to neoliberal failure
April 2011
This paper examines the possibility of a proactive role for the Bahamian state in support of the country’s national development: A case of a small open economy with a colonial past in a globalised economy. The first part provides a critical evaluation of the Bahamian economic development and trade during the last four decades. The discussion in this section relies mainly on the performance of the...
Common factors related to chronic occupational distress among special education teaching staff in Montenegro
April 2011
The aim of this study was to determine common occupational or specific work-place organizational and individual key factors, which are most troublesome stressors for occupations in the field of special education (teachers, nurses, special education teachers). The study included 224 participants who were employed as special education teaching staff at each five Montenegro public institutions for persons who...
Natural vascular floristic composition of Banaras Hindu University, India: An overview
April 2011
The naturally occurring vascular flora of the main campus of Banaras Hindu University spreading over an area of 1,300 acres was analyzed. A total of 329 vascular plant species were reported in the campus of which only 5 were Pteridophytes and the remaining 324 species were Angiosperms. No natural occurrence of gymnosperms was reported from the University Campus. Angiosperms were represented by 76 families of...
Early Portuguese imperialism: Using the Jesuits in the Mutapa Empire of Zimbabwe
April 2011
The Mutapa Empire (Mwene Mutapa) or in Portuguese, ‘Monomotapa’, also known as ‘Great Zimbabwe’, was a mediaeval kingdom (1250 to 1629) which was located between the Zambeziand Limpopo Rivers of Southern Africa in an area which currently includes the modern states ofZimbabwe and Mozambique. In the sixteenth century, it was considered a strategic...
Effects of “islamaphobia†on Muslim immigrants and their advocates
March 2011
The so-called “war on terrorism” that the United States has declared as a response to the 9/11 tragedy has affected Muslim-Americans, perhaps more than any other group. Many of these people are victims of what may be called “islamaphobia” the fear or suspicion of Muslims or those who appear to be of middle-eastern origin. As a result, many Muslims avoid disclosing their heritage,...
Development studies discourse: How gender-sensitive are sustainable livelihood frameworks?
March 2011
Over the last two decades development studies professionals are drawing on Sustainable Livelihoods (SL) framework to understand the various livelihood strategies available to rural people. The unadventurous development top-down approaches identify only ‘one’ livelihood strategy in the form of ‘employment’ that supports them. This paper discusses the SL frameworks from the viewpoints of...
Past and present status of the Mexican state
March 2011
Actually, a desolating panorama is lived: State empowerment by the transnational power, lost sovereignty, violence and rise of the offer of criminality, extreme poverty and increasing inequality, absence of transparent and efficient markets and increasing of the informal economy, it is precisely in Latin American where there have been efforts to slow it down, out of the financial worldwide scheme, although...
Evaluation of a community intervention for women victims of domestic violence in the Gaza strip
March 2011
A range of therapeutic interventions and services for victims of domestic violence have been reported and evaluated in recent years, mostly in western countries. There is less knowledge on the impact of such programmes in developing countries, in particular those exposed to political conflict at the same time. The aim of this study was to establish the short-term impact of a community intervention of group...
Creating space for community-based conservation initiatives (CBCLs) in conventional academics
February 2011
Government promoted protected areas (PAs), and large integrated conservation and development projects (ICDPs) such as joint forest management (JFM) are normally mentioned as the only means of conservation and locals are mentioned as the sourcewhere 'biotic pressure' comes from in most of the curricula which could make the professional conservation biologists and policy makers biased and may...
Female households and poverty: A case study of Faisalabad District
February 2011
This study shows the relationship between female-headed households, male household and poverty in the two Tehisils of District Faisalabad. Eighty response clients were interviewed. Compare means; regressions and the binary Logit regressions analysis are used to detect the relationship between female household, male household and the factors that affect the possibility towards poverty. Linear...
Exploring the reality in which members of the teaching profession are immersed in Argentina: A case study
February 2011
The concept of teachers’ precarious working conditions refers to the pressures and adjustments suffered, during the last decades, in public schools in Argentina. The Neo-liberal project influenced all aspects of public and social life, such as health, education and working rights; deteriorated the conditions under which those sectors function; and destabilized labor structurally. The pressure exercised...
Obama and Woods: “Master Tacticiansâ€1 in a supposed post-racial world
February 2011
This essay examines and critiques Obama’s racial and political identity, comparing and contrasting it to another matchless man of color, Tiger Woods in a supposed post-racial world. This short essay is a critique: it interrogates Obama and Woods’ motivations in regard to how they both (dis)similarly frame their racial identities. Specifically, this essay will charge both Obama and Woods as being...
Peace and security education: A critical factor for sustainable peace and national development
January 2011
Peace and security of life and property has been recognized by scholars and citizens as the primary condition for progress and development of any society. Meanwhile, there is a clear linkage between poor governance on one hand and insecurity and violent conflict on the other. But there are many dimensions of peace including negative peace (absence of direct violence) and positive peace (absence of...
Analysis of adoption of improved maize varieties among farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria
January 2011
The study focuses on the analysis of socio-economic factors that influence the adoption of improved maize varieties among farmers. The specific objectives are to identify the available new maize varieties in the study area, sources of information on new maize varieties, determine the extent to which the farmers are aware of the improved maize varieties, the influence of socio-economic characteristics of...
Natural vascular floristic composition of Banaras Hindu University, India: An overview
January 2011
The naturally occurring vascular flora of the main campus of Banaras Hindu University spreading over an area of 1,300 acres was analyzed. A total of 329 vascular plant species were reported in the campus of which only 5 were Pteridophytes and the remaining 324 species were Angiosperms. No natural occurrence of gymnosperms was reported from the University Campus. Angiosperms were represented by 76 families of...
Pakistan in Regional and Global Politics
December 2010
East Asia summit: Interests and expectations
December 2010
Ever since the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) formation, many attempts have been made to promote regionalism particularly in East Asia with an inclusion of Southeast Asia. As was propagated, the idea of ‘Look East Policy’ was in the cards for a long time and Mohathir Mohammed was also blaming Japan for not looking at the East Asian countries. By the end of the Cold War, the geopolitical...
Elite corruption and the culture of primitive accumulation in 21st century Nigeria
November 2010
Nigeria is often perceived as the ‘giant of Africa’ by most Africans, perhaps, because of its remarkable achievements in the continent in the past three decades. Today, the same country is looked upon by the rest of the world as a ‘crippled’ giant, a veritable modern wasteland, a nation where corruption is extolled as a national culture, tradition; as a nation of business scams and...
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