Reactivation of tuberculosis in Covid-19 infected patient: Case report
October 2023
Tuberculous meningitis is a severe manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, often associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. This case report discusses a unique presentation of tuberculous meningitis in a 39-year-old male who was concurrently positive for COVID-19. The patient initially presented with symptoms of COVID-19, including fatigue, fever, and respiratory distress. However, subsequent...
A case report of medulloblastoma in the cerebellopontine angle in 1-year old child
April 2021
Medulloblastomas (MB) are malignant embryonic neuroepithelial tumors of the cerebellum, accounting for 25% of primary tumors of the Central Nervous System of childhood, which predominantly grow in the cerebellar vermis and hardly in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). The study aims to report the surgical management of a childhood medulloblastoma in CPA. The author reports the case of a 1-year-old male child who initially...
Uterus preservation after placenta percreta and uterine rupture: A case report
August 2020
Placenta percreta and uterine rupture are associated with possible massive intraperitoneal bleeding, which can be fatal if not recognised. We describe a case of a 40-year-old multigravida with a history of two instances of placenta percreta and three instances of uterine rupture, previous artificial abortion, and uterine curettage. The patient’s uterus had been preserved after undergoing an emergency uterus repair...
Interventions in women with one blocked oviduct, lessons learnt and recommendations: A case report
May 2019
Women can still conceive naturally or through in vitro fertilization (IVF) with the one oviduct that is properly functioning if only one oviduct is blocked, however, the chances are decreased particularly if the blockage is close to the ovary (hydrosalpinx) because of wash out phenomena and toxic fluid produced by the fallopian tube that is blocked. In situations where only a single tube has hydrosalpinx specialists...
The great mimicker: A rare case of Iliopsoas abscess associated with vertebral and sacroiliac osteomyelitis
February 2019
A 21-year-old, recent Indian migrant to Australia, presented to the Emergency Department with a 3-week history of worsening right buttock and thigh pain and weakness, associated with fever of up to 39°C and weight loss of 3 kg. On examination, the patient demonstrated a right-sided antalgic gait with a limp and weakness of right hip flexion. The patient was tachycardic with a heart rate of 140, and had raised...
Case report: Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of Small bowel diverticulitis presenting with acute abdomen
August 2018
Small bowel diverticulitis is a rare condition that is often excluded in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen. We herein present two cases of patients with small bowel diverticulitis who presented with acute abdomen. First case was a 72-year-old lady who presented to emergency with 2 days of sudden-onset worsening generalized abdominal pain. The computed tomography (CT) revealed a segment of abnormally thickened...
Blind nasal intubation in temporomandibular joint ankylosis: A case report
March 2018
Temperomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is loss of joint movement that results from a union of the mandibular condyle to the base of the skull. Managing airway is considered to be one of the most difficult and challenging procedures when there is a diseased temperomandibular joint as a result of inadequate mouth opening. Although TMJ ankylosis is well known risk factors of difficult airway management, the techniques...
Percutaneous drainage management of an abscess developed from conservatively treated retroperitoneal haematoma caused by acupuncture
November 2016
With acupuncture treatment becoming a widely used technique in medicine to control chronic pain, there have been increasing reports on its associated complications. Although pneumothorax is the most frequently reported, infectious complications may not be uncommon. However, retroperitoneal or intraabdominal abscess caused by acupuncture may be much more serious conditions than pneumothorax. We experienced a 67-year-old...
Epidural abscess in a diabetic patient with complicated pyelonephritis: Case report and literature review
July 2016
Epidural abscess is a rare condition, with increasing incidence, but still underdiagnosed. Clinical set is often confused with common diseases, which delays the diagnosis and may progress to irreversible neurological sequelae or death, if no early intervention is taken. We have reported a case of a patient immunosuppressed by diabetes who developed an epidural abscess due to a complicated...
Legacy of mental Illness: A family with unusual genetic penetration
September 2015
Mental illnesses are multifactorial disorders caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the roles of genetic and environmental factors depend on each other. The aim of the report is to share the presentation of different psychiatric illnesses in generations of a family. A 31 year old male, unmarried, studied up to class eight, unemployed, muslim, non...
Corticotrophin deficiency in end-stage renal failure led to recurrent hypoglycemia: A case report
July 2015
Reactive hypoglycemia caused by an insulinoma, pre-diabetic metabolic state, fluctuations in diabetic metabolic situation and antidiabetic medication is commonly known. We report on the case of an unusual multi-factorial occurrence of a woman with recurrent hypoglycemia, which cannot be explained adequately by a single commonly known cause. We refer to a cachectic non-diabetic 52-year-old German woman, admitted to our...
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus prostatic abscess in an American soldier
August 2014
Prostatic abscess caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is rare with few previously reported cases. This appears to be the first identifiable report of a healthy, immunocompetent individual developing a community acquired prostatic abscess. A 35 year old male soldier presented to the emergency room complaining of chills, malaise, pelvic pain, tenesmus, dysuria and bloody urine. On admission, he...
Huge retroperitoneal liposarcom: Case report
June 2014
Liposarcoma is the most common tumor type of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas. Liposarcoma is a malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin in which the bulk of tumor differentiates into adipose tissue. A 50 year old male patient was presented at our clinic with abdominal mass and pain. Abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a huge retroperitoneal mass. Hematologic,...
A giant left adrenal pseudocyst presented as abdominal discomfort and laparoscopic adrenalectomy performed
May 2014
Adrenal cysts are rare lesions and surgical approach is the best treatment option to treat these lesions. Several studies revealed laparoscopic approach is the most effective and safety to remove benign adrenal cysts. Objective of this case report was to assess the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic approach in the removal of benign giant adrenal cysts. A 21 year old female patient was presented at our gastroenterology...
A rare disease process with deadly consequences and a therapeutic dilemma – spontaneous coronary artery dissection: A literature review
April 2014
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare but deadly disease process that continues to have an elusive pathophysiology and treatment strategy. We present a 32 year old patient who suffered from a spontaneous dissection of the left anterior descending artery. Multiple case reviews in the literature were reviewed, but no randomized controlled trials are available to help guide our therapy. A conservative strategy...
Roseomonas mucosa isolated from bloodstream of the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patient
May 2013
Roseomonas is a recently proposed genus of pink-pigmented, non-fermentative, short gram-negative rod-bacteria which have been recognized as a cause of human infections. We report a case of bacteremia associated with Roseomonas mucosa isolated from a patient with a history of nodular goiter and multiple episodes of blood transfusion. Key words: Roseomonas mucosa,...
Pregnancy following endometrial ablation resulting in subtotal hysterectomy under spinal anaesthesia – A case report
May 2013
A 44-year-old woman presented in her second pregnancy following a cavaterm balloon endometrial ablation three years earlier. Antenatal scans showed a fibroid measuring 11 × 7.5 × 8.2 cm in the lower segment. The placenta was fundal positioned and the baby’s growth was normal. At 32 weeks, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan excluded placenta percreta but was unable to exclude placenta...
Laparoscopic resection of the rudimentary horn of a unicornuate uterus diagnosed by three-dimensional computed tomography
February 2013
A 16-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency room due to severe lower abdominal pain. She had no surgical or obstetric history. Menarche had occurred 2 years ago. She suffered from dysmenorrhea and pelvic cyclic pain during menstruation. The three-dimensional computed tomography combined with ultrasonography revealed a rudimentary horn of unicornuate uterus. We performed a laparoscopic removal of this uterine...
Sleeping sickness: The consequence of inappropriate diagnosis flow chart in case report
February 2013
Sleeping sickness is a vector-borne parasitic disease with variable, non-specific and inconstant symptoms. Thus, clinical signs are insufficient for diagnosis. Definite diagnosis relies on evidence demonstration of trypanosome in body fluids through parasitological techniques. For reasons related to costs, workload and technical incapacities, these technics are not always performed and sleeping sickness...
Burkitt’s lymphoma: Causing obstructive jaundice in an adult
November 2012
Obstructive jaundice secondary to Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) is very rare. It is important to recognise this condition as it can mimic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, but the management of the two conditions is very different. In this study, we present the case...
Endometriosis-induced hemoperitoneum in the colonic serosa
November 2012
Endometriosis is an inflammatory disease. The etiology of endometriosis is exactly unknown. A 42-year-old virgin experienced a sudden increase in pain that began one day prior to examination. She had been suffering from dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia. The patient had abdominal guarding with severe rebound tenderness. On computed tomography, both ovaries were normal, and sigmoid colon was seen in the...
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the mesentery in an infant
June 2012
Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in infants and children. Commonly, it arises from the head and neck, genitor-urinary system, trunk and extremities. Rhabdomyosarcoma arising in the mesentery is extremely rare and only few cases were reported in the literature. This is a case report of a rhabdomyosarcoma of the mesentery in a 4 month-old male infant. Key words: Rhabdomyosarcoma,...
Laparoscopic repair of iatrogenic anterior diaphragmatic hernia
June 2012
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a relatively common condition with an incidence of about 1 in 2000 to 1 in 5000 live births. Most cases occur posterolaterally through the foramen of Bochdalek and usually present immediately after birth with respiratory distress. Congenital anterior diaphragmatic hernia (Morgagni's hernia) is rare, accounting for less than 5% of all types of congenital diaphragmatic...
Immature gastric teratoma in a newborn
May 2012
Gastric teratomas are very rare embryonal neoplasms and accounts for less than 1% of all teratomas occurring in infants and children. It is usually seen in male infants who present with upper abdominal mass and commonly it is benign. This report describes a large immature grade II gastric teratoma in a male newborn. The tumor was treated with total excision including part of the stomach. Key...
Autosomal dominant inheritance with variable penetrance in primary familial and congenital polycythemia: A family tree
May 2012
Primary familial and congenital polycythemia is a rare congenital disorder with only one case ever reported from Indian Subcontinent. Here, we are reporting an entire family inflicted with primary familial and congenital polycythemia, first ever of its kind from Indian subcontinent. We are of firm belief that our report would create awareness among medical fraternity in India about this under reported...
Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis presented as abdominal discomfort and low back pain (IgG4-related disease)
January 2012
We presented a 45 year-old male patient in a hospital, who had low back pain and non-specific abdominal discomfort for duration of 2 weeks. Abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) showed retroperitoneal Para aortic mass at lower aortic roots before bifurcation and elevated C-RP. Unfortunately, the patient refused to do biopsy, and has a history of amlodipine usage with a very high suspicion of idiopathic...
Hypercalcemia secondary to parathyroid hormone secretion from metastatic lesions in liver
January 2012
Parathyroid cancer is a rare malignancy with a prevalence of 0.005% of all registered cancer cases in the United States. Metastases are rare but when they occur the metastatic lesions are usually in the lungs and lymph nodes. There has been only one reported metastasis to the liver in the 233 combined year experience of several major medical centers. A 35-year-old man had 9 metastatic lesions in his liver...
Tacrolimus adverse events in transplant recipients with diarrhoea or calcium channel blockers: Systematic review
December 2011
Tacrolimus is widely used for solid-organ transplant immunosuppression. Adverse events can happen in recipients with diarrhoea or calcium channel blockers (CCBs) co-administration. We undertook a systematic review on adverse events in recipients treated with Tacrolimus for whom a raised tacrolimus trough level (≥10 ng/ml) was reported, in a situation of diarrhoea or CCB...
An unusual case of inguinal hernia: Persistent mullerian duct syndrome with transverse testicular ectopia
December 2011
Persistent Müllerian Duct syndrome (PMDS) is a rare variety of male pseudo-hermaphroditism. It is characterized by the persistence of the uterus, fallopian tubes and upper vagina in otherwise normally virilized boys. The association of the syndrome called transverse testicular ectopia (TTE), a condition in which both testes are located in one inguinal canal is rare. Here, we report a young male...
Plasma endothelin level in hypertension and diabetes mellitus
September 2011
The aim of the present study was to determine plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in normal healthy population, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and its correlation with hypertension and nephropathy in DM. A total of 34 patients with DM, that included 19 cases with simple DM without nephropathy and 15 cases with diabetic nephropathy were used in the study. Four of the cases were considered simple DM and...
Case report: Postoperative hemorrhage in the nasopharynx at two weeks following adenotonsillectomy
September 2011
Postoperative hemorrhage is an unlikely complication of adenotonsillectomy and occurs within several days following the procedure. We describe a patient with postoperative hemorrhage after adenotonsillectomy in nasopharynx at the postoperative 15th and 18th day. The study reveals that bleeding after adenotonsillectomy is an unlikely complication for the surgeon and patient, and requires extra experimental...
Transient trifascicular block in severe hyperkalemia: A case report
August 2011
Hyperkalemia is a commonly encountered electrolyte abnormality that can significantly alter normal cardiac conduction. Potentially lethal dysrhythmias associated with hyperkalemia include complete heart block and Mobitz type II second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. We report a case of trifascicular block, due to hyperkalemia. The patient's symptoms and electrocardiogram (ECG) evidence of...
Impalement injury of the oro-pharynx with fatal consequences in a child: A case report and review of the literature
August 2011
Impalement injuries of the oropharynx are especially common in children. They may be innocuous injuries but can present with life threatening sequele which range from neurologic to non-neurologic sequele. Herein, we report the first of this type of injury from Nigeria and it was a 2 year old female child who presented with a rod like metallic object embedded in her oropharynx following a fall on the same...
Metabolic syndrome in Japanese patients with mental retardation
June 2011
To conduct a study on metabolic syndrome (MetS) observed in patients with mental retardation (MR) to clarify the factors associated with its prevalence and incidence. During the period from October 2006 to March 2007, for 302 cases of patients with MR who were admitted to or visited 2 support facilities for people with intellectual disabilities in Japan, we reviewed the patients’ admission records and...
Mason at a surgical mission
May 2011
Strangulation of penis and scrotum by objects for auto-erotic purpose though common may at times lead to grave complications. Removal of these objects is a challenging task. We report such a case where a mason came to our rescue following failed attempts at surgical removal. Key words: Foreign body, penis, scrotum
Candiduria by Candida tropicalis evolves to fatal candidemia
May 2011
Candida species are opportunistic pathogens that belong to the normal human microbiota. In the past decades, the incidence of nosocomial fungal diseases has increased, and Candida spp. is still one of the main causal agents. Urinary tract is usually involved with disseminated infections, but interpretation of yeast findings, from representative specimens of this anatomical site,...
Primary non Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the orbit: A case report
February 2011
Lymphoma is the most common malignancy of the orbit and the eyelids, accounting for 10% of malignant orbital tumors in adults. Orbital lymphomas can arise primarily in the orbit or represent a manifestation of disseminated disease. In this paper we report a case of early stage orbital lymphoma, which was managed successfully with chemotherapy, and a review of the related literature. A Moroccan Muslim woman...
Kartagener’s syndrome- A case report
February 2011
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetic disorder with an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance.It is caused by a defect in the structure of cilia, due to which ciliary movement, and consequently, its function, are impaired. Sinusitis, nasal polyposis, and otitis media with effusion are commonly seen among patients presenting to the otolaryngologist, and PCD should be considered as an...
Mixed medullary and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid – A rare entity
January 2011
Mixed medullary–follicular carcinoma is an uncommon tumor of the thyroid. It is characterized by histological and immunohistochemical features of both follicular and parafollicular C cells. We report a case of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid in a 26 year old female, which on light microscopy, showed not only the well known arrangement of cells in sheets and nests, but also unequivocal follicular...
Treatment advances and future directions in stages II and III colon cancer
January 2011
Salivary gland cystadenocarcinoma of the tongue: A case report and literature review
October 2010
Cystadenocarcinoma is a rare salivary gland tumor which commonly arises in the ovary and the appendix. Only 7 cases have been reported in the tongue with 2 cases described as highly malignant. We report a case of cystadenocarcinoma of the base of the tongue in a 79-year-old man who presented with goiter and dysphagia. Physical examination showed a mass of the tongue. Treatment consisted in a partial...
Chronic viral hepatitis and their relation to ABO blood groups and rhesus (Rh) factor
October 2010
ABO blood groups have shown some association with various diseases. Although there are small studies in literature about association between ABO blood groups and chronic viral hepatitis, only few studies found relation between fibrosis severity in chronic viral hepatitis C (CVHC) and ABO blood groups. The aim of this survey is to determine the frequency of different blood groups and Rh (Rhesus) factor in...
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