Abstract: Soil water is the water stored in the soil and can only be used by plants and then converted into plant products and services for people to use in most of water-limited Regions. As population increases and economy develops in water-limited regions, there is an increasing demand for the quantity and variety of plant products and services. To meet the demands of this situation, most of the original forest has become farmland, plantation or non-native forest, grass land and farmland. As a result, the plant water relationship changed from equilibrium relation to non-equilibrium relationship, which led to soil drought, soil degradation, vegetation decline and crop failure or waste of soil water resources in most of water-limited regions. In order to solve the questions and realize the sustainable utilization of soil water resources and agriculture high-quality development, the theoretical basis for agriculture high-quality development y in water-limited region has been studied since 2000. The results showing that it is necessary to apply the limit theory of plant utilization of soil water resources, soil water vegetation carrying capacity theory and the critical period of plant water relation regulation to adjust the plant water relationship to obtain the maximum yield and benefit of vegetation and carry out agriculture high-quality sustainable development. Keywords: goods and services, water-limited area; plant water relationship; Soil water resource use limit by plants; Soil Water Vegetation Carrying Capacity; Sustainable utilization of soil water resources; the critical period of plant water relation regulation; high-quality development