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The management of soil surface roughness, sowing density and cultivar characteristics can affect productivity and grain losses in the common bean harvest. The objective was to determine the effect of surface rolling of the soil immediately after planting and the seeding density of two common bean cultivars on grain yield and harvest losses of the crop. The field experiment was installed in randomized complete blocks, in a...
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The transition from traditional Teff production, combining subsistence and cash cropping, to a market-oriented system is vital for improving household income and food security in Ethiopia. However, Teff commercialization remains limited, with subsistence farming still prevalent. This study examines commercialization levels and key influencing factors in northwestern Ethiopia, offering policy-relevant insights. A sample of...
Agronomic and Sensory Evaluation of Mango Cultivars for Commercial and Breeding Potential in Malawi
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Mango (Mangifera indica) is one of the most important fruit crops in Malawi. However, most local Mangoes are low yielding with high fiber content. In the absence of a mango breeding program, exotic Mango cultivars were introduced in Malawi. A study was done to evaluate Mango cultivars for growth, yield, disease incidence, adaptability to Malawi field condition, quality and overall acceptability. Nine new cultivars and...
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Globally, farmers manage multidimensional risks associated with agricultural business systems. This is sustained by the persistent triggers in production (e.g. drought, theft, pest and disease infestations), distribution (e.g. lack of investment in cold chains), processing (e.g. high costs of infrastructure), marketing (e.g. price volatility) and consumption (e.g. dynamic preferences of consumers). We present a review of...
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The aim of the study was to evaluate the socioeconomic status of the buffalo farmers and husbandry practices of non-descriptive buffalo (indigenous 50% × Murrah 50%) in the selected coastal areas of Bangladesh. Randomly selected 349 farmers from five upazilas in the Bhola districts participated in face-to-face interviews during which data was collected and farmers were involved in buffalo rearing. Agriculture (71.06%) was...
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This study examined the impact of market access on coffee production and income among smallholder coffee farmers in Central Uganda. The study used two main theories,market access and transaction cost theories. Using a mixed-methods approach, data was collected from 150 respondents across Wakiso, Mpigi, and Masaka districts and analysed using Atlas.ti software for qualitative data while SPSS and STATA for quantitative data...
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Changes such as increase in temperature, poor rainfall, increased flooding and extreme weather events affect food crop production and compromise livelihoods. These constraints call to improve rural livelihood and food security. Farmers must have access to relevant and reliable climate information and services (CIS). The main objective of the study is to contribute to the resilience improvement of rural communities...
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Climate change refers to long-term changes in weather variables like temperature and precipitation. These changes have threatened food security for smallholder vegetable farmers. The study was aimed at establishing factors that hinder adoption of Climate Smart Adoption Technologies (CSATs) for sustained livelihoods. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 100 vegetable farmers through survey using a...
Integrated control package for Orobanche crenata in faba beans
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A series of experiments were conducted to study the effects of Rhizobium leguminosarum, Bacillus megatherium var. phosphaticum, Trichoderma harzianum, and the herbicide imimazethapyr on Orobanche crenata germination, incidence and faba bean plant growth and yield in Sudan. According to the study, T. harzianum + BMP + TAL1399 + imazethapyr together significantly slowed down germination and postponed O. crenata emergence and...
Red pepper Market Chain Analysis: The Case of Boke District, West Hararghe Zone, East Ethiopia
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This study, was initiated to analyze market chain of red pepper in Boke Woreda. Data for the study were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The primary data were collected by household survey using a pre-tested structured questionnaire from 313 farmers, 20 traders and 25 consumers. Descriptive as well as econometric analyses were used to analyze the data. Six market channels were identified in red pepper...
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The response of Six Cassava genotypes from the residual inputs (400 kg hectare-1 NPK 15:15:15) on maize was evaluated, for yield potentials, branching patterns and fox stick production at the project farm of Cross River Basin Development Authority, Calabar. The treatment was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications at 1m apart. The Vegetative traits measured were Number of Leaf, Stem and Stem...
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Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is notably rich in carotenoids, with yellow-fleshed varieties containing high levels of lutein. Lutein accumulation is influenced by genetic, environmental, and cultivation factors. Potassium, a critical macronutrient for photosynthesis and metabolism, plays an unclear role in regulating lutein accumulation in watermelon. To investigate this, We applied foliar sprays of varying KCl...
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The study was conducted with the aim of enriching the list of clones extended in Côte d'Ivoire. Thus, the large-scale behavior of five (5) rubber tree genotypes selected from small-scale clone fields was assessed. The methodology consisted comparing the agronomic behavior of these five genotypes with that of the reference control GT1 in a Fisher block design with 4 repetitions for 18 years. The trees were tapped for 13...
Fertility restoration studies on A1 and A4 CMS systems of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)
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Agriculture in West and Central Africa is based on the open-pollinated varieties. Hybrid pearl millet breeding is primitive in the Sahel, and efforts are being made to develop and release new high-yielding hybrids. The present study was undertaken to identify restorers and maintainers among pearl millet germplasm lines of Mali origin. Two CMS lines, ICMA 177002 (A1) and ICMA 177003 (A4), were used as female parents and...
The likely future Impact of Climate Change on Maize Commercialization in Zambia
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Zambia’s rural economy depends heavily on maize commercialization as a vital source of income. However, seasonal rainfall fluctuations—exacerbated by climate change—pose a major threat to maize yields and commercialization levels. This study evaluates how projected changes in water availability may impact maize commercialization during two future periods: 2011–2040 and 2040–2069. Downscaled rainfall data from Global...
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In Uganda, Sorghum anthracnose disease together with other fungal diseases has become a serious challenge to farmers causing significant losses. However, less research has been conducted to explore the use of locally made bio-inoculants that can provide both biocontrol and biofertilizer services. This research aimed at generating information on use of bio inoculants as potential remedy for management of sorghum anthracnose...
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The study was conducted to determine the effect of NPSB fertilizer rates and inter row spacing on tuber yield and yield components of potato.The treatments consisted of four levels of NPSB (50,100,150 and 200 kg ha-1) fertilizer and three inter row spacing (65, 75 and 85cm) with control treatment. The results of combined analysis of variance showed that the main effect of NPSB application rates and inter row spacing were...
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In the collection and production areas of Côte d'Ivoire, the genotypes of the C. canephora coffee gene pools are designated by numbers. This method of designation often leads to confusion, as the same genotypes may have been crossed. To solve this problem, several techniques can be used to evaluate and analyze each genotype, including morphological, enzymatic and molecular characterization. Among these techniques,...
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The agricultural sector in Ethiopia, despite its significance, suffers from low productivity levels. To address this issue and promote overall economic development, the Ethiopian government has emphasized the importance of increasing the use of organic fertilizers. However, the adoption rates of organic fertilizers remain low across many regions, including the study area. This research seeks to identify the factors...
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Cocoa is key in Liberia's employment, wealth creation, and foreign exchange earnings. However, smallholder cocoa farmers face significant productivity challenges. This study evaluated total factor productivity (TFP) determinants among smallholder cocoa farmers in Nimba County, Liberia. Primary data from 331 farmers was collected using a stratified random sampling method using a semi-structured questionnaire. The...
Assessment of feed ingredients prices and production capacity from 2018 – 2022 in Nigeria
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Survey of feed ingredients was carried out in the six -geopolitical zones to determine the availability, abundance and effectiveness of these ingredients as being considered for incorporation into fish feed for aquaculture production. A total of 516 well-structured questionnaires were administered to 228 ingredients’ producers and 288 ingredients’ sellers in the selected LGAs, urban and rural markets to obtain information...
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The production of millet Pennisetum glaucum is strongly present in the cultivation systems of the peanut basin in Senegal. It occupies an important place in the agricultural production of the area. Unfortunately, the benefits of this culture are increasingly deteriorating due to lack of seeds in terms of availability, lack of agricultural materials in terms of availability and practical uses, good means of storage and...
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Onion is a key vegetable crop in Ethiopia, playing a significant role in household diets and serving as a vital income source for farmers. Despite its importance, onion productivity remains low, largely due to inadequate soil fertility and water stress. This study was conducted during the 2021/2022 cropping season at Melkassa, East Shewa, to evaluate the effects of varying NPS fertilizer rates and irrigation frequencies on...
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This study analyzes the ‘‘Determinants of Participating in Non-Farm Activities and its impact on the income of smallholder rural farmers in Bibugn woreda in East Gojjam, Ethiopia using cross-section data. In the course of this study, primary and secondary data were collected. Primary data were collected from 368 sample respondents using simple random sampling. Descriptive and econometric analysis was also carried out....
Review on different factors affecting organoleptic quality of coffee (coffea arabica)
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Coffea arabica, a dominant coffee species, is renowned for its complex organoleptic qualities, which include aroma, flavor, acidity, body, and aftertaste. These qualities are essential to consumer preference and market positioning. The genetic composition of Coffea arabica significantly influences its flavor profile, with various cultivars exhibiting distinct sensory characteristics such as floral, fruity, or chocolaty...
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Soil nutrient deficiencies are the most important yield limiting factors in bread wheat production. To determine the effect of preceding crops on nitrogen requirement of the succeeding wheat yield, bread wheat based rotation experiment was conducted in East Gojam Zone during 2021 and 2022 cropping seasons. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design using split plot arrangement with three...
REVIEW ON DIFFERENT POST-HARVEST TREATMENT METHODS ON SHELF-LIFE AND QUALITY OF TOMATO
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Tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum) are among the most widely consumed vegetables worldwide, but their high perishability, especially in tropical climates, leads to considerable postharvest losses. This review examines various strategies to extend the shelf life of harvested tomatoes, including temperature control, humidity management, heat treatments, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), and the use of 1-methylcyclopropene...
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Beekeeping in Benin is a crucial source of income for women and youth, improving household well-being and social cohesion. A survey of 207 beekeepers examined honey price formation and the socio-economic impact of the country on beekeeping. Producers sell packaged and raw honey at average prices of 2873.43 XOF and 1514.49 XOF/kg. Packaged honey prices have increased from less than 2000 XOF/kg in 2020 to 5000 XOF/kg in...
Effects of Moisture Content and Extraction Methods on Tiger Nut Oil Extraction Yield
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Tigernut is a high-quality nut that contains lipids, protein, starch, fiber, vitamins, minerals and bioactive factors. Despite the high qualities and advantages of tigernut oil, there are limited or no information on the moisture content and extraction methods needed for the optimum extraction of tiger nut oil. The aims of this work is to extract tiger nut oil using chemical and mechanical method, studying the effect of...
Onion Market Chain: the case of Toke kutaye district, Oromia, Ethiopia
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The study was conducted in two onion producing kebeles of Nagafile and Gorosole in Toke Kutaye district, west shewa Zone of Oromia national regional state to analyze Onion market chain. The data were collected from 120 farmers and 10 traders and 12 consumers. The data for the study was gathered both from primary and secondary source. Specifically, the study attempted to address the main actors involved,...
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In most underdeveloped nations, women have very limited access to and control over productive resources and usually these limitations are overlooked. The study examined women's level of empowerment in agriculture and the roles of women in men household and women in women-led families in Meskan Woreda, Gurage Zone, Ethiopia. This study measures the level of female farmers empowerment in agricultural index in both women in...
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The paper uses the example of the Lipeleng'enye irrigation scheme in Tanzania. Traditional irrigation schemes are generally implemented by farmers without external assistance. As a sub-Saharan African country, Tanzania has long faced poverty, with most people earning less than US $1 a day, residing in remote areas reliant on rain-fed agriculture. Climate change has reduced rainfall, causing droughts that affect crop...
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The study was carried from August 2022 through April 2023, with the objectives of production system characterizing and assessing breeding and husbandry practices of the communities in in the study area of East Hararghe districts of Oromia. A total of 168 households and 345 matured cattle were sampled for morphological description and linear body measurements. The average number of cattle per family was 5.91±0.35, and...
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Purpose The study focuses the major practices, effects and Challenges of alternative livelihood Strategies in pastoral areas of Somali Region of Ethiopia. Background Pastoralism is the dominant livelihood in Somali region, but recurrent droughts, and floods decreased livestock productivity, food insecurity and forcing pastoralists to abandon traditional lifestyles, and seek alternative livelihood strategies...
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Cassava has long been cultivated without fertilization, on poorly maintained soils whereas extensive knowledge advocates the effectiveness of fertilization not only in increasing the crop yield but also improve its root quality. The present study was carried out (1) to evaluate the agronomic performance of cassava (2) its root quality and (3) the profitability in response to the application of split doses of NPK...
Evaluation of protein profile of ten Nigerian underutilized legumes using sds – page
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Legumes belong to the family Fabaceae and most of them produce seeds within a pod. This study aimed to reassess the taxonomic status of ten selected legumes, examine their genetic similarity and illustrate a potential evolutionary pathway. In this study, protein profiles for seed storage in ten underutilized legumes were analysed by comparing their banding patterns using Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel...
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Urban and peri-urban dairy production systems play significant role in Ethiopia's dairy production, meeting urban consumers' dairy demands and supporting rural livelihoods. Rapid urbanization has increased the demand for dairy products, making these systems essential in the dairy supply chain. Typically involving small-scale dairy farms near urban centers, they ensure efficient transportation and distribution of fresh...
Identification of Drought-Tolerant Sorghum Genotypes With Multitrait Potential for Enhanced Yield
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Although sorghum is a drought-tolerant crop, due to climate change, the crop is vulnerable to recurrent drought, resulting in grain yield reduction. To overcome the problem, a few traits were identified that contribute to drought tolerance. However, the response of a few traits to drought stress was ineffective and became a challenge for sorghum production. The study aimed to identify sorghum genotypes with multiple traits...
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While mobile phone penetration in Tanzania has increased, many smallholder farmers still do not have access to reliable price updates due to issues such as digital illiteracy, poor network coverage in rural areas, and the high cost of some mobile-based services.The aim of the research was to assess how mobile phone usage enhances farmers’ access to price information and its effects on market behavior and income. The study...
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Aquaculture in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya, has grown significantly due to government support, favorable climatic conditions, and increasing demand for fish as a protein source. However, fish farming in the region faces severe challenges from pathogenic parasites and microbes, which significantly impact fish health and aquaculture productivity. Poor water quality, overcrowded ponds, and agricultural runoff exacerbate the...
Barriers and Bridges: Understanding Blockchain Adoption in Eastern Uganda’s Barley Agribusinesses.
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Blockchain technology (BCT) has the potential to transform agricultural value chains by enhancing transparency, trust, and efficiency. However, adoption among smallholder farmers in developing regions remains limited. This study investigates the factors influencing BCT adoption and usage extent among barley farmers in Uganda’s Sebei sub-region, where BCT was introduced through the BanQu platform to improve the barley value...
Phytoremediation and Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR): Approach to Combat Soil Salinity
Article in Press
Soil salinization is one of the major factors that severely affect agricultural productivity worldwide. Soil salinity is a major environmental issue that reduces agricultural productivity, negatively impacts soil health, and limits water availability for crops. The salinity could measure with the help of these techniques, remote sensing, electromagnetic induction, Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Exchangeable Sodium...
Public Expenditure in the Agricultural Sector in Nigeria: A Study of the Fourth Republic (2000-2014)
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This study explores the link between public spending and economic growth, focusing on Nigeria's agricultural sector during the fourth republic (2000–2014). Economic growth is essential at all levels of governance, and public expenditure plays a crucial role in development. The study analyzes how capital, recurrent, and total expenditures in agriculture impact sectoral GDP growth, using the Keynesian growth model and Public...
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Korerima (Aframomum corrorima)
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This study was conducted to evaluate genetic variations among Korarima genotypes. Cluster analysis based on Euclidean distances was carried out with 25 Korarima genotypes to assess the genetic diversity for agronomic and quality traits. The Unweighted Pair Group Average using Arithmetic Mean as linkage rule was used for the analysis of the distances between clusters. The genotypes were evaluated for 17 agronomic and...
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The study was conducted at Ambo University using twenty five Horro sheep with initial body weight of 16.84±0.23kg (mean±SD). The objectives of the experiment was to evaluate the impact of replacing concentrate ration with varying proportions of Lablab purpureus hay on the growth performance and economic returns of Horro rams. The experimental sheep were blocked into five blocks of five animals based on their initial body...
Determinants of Climate change Adaptation in Shebedino District, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia
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Agriculture is the primary source of food, raw materials, employment, and livelihoods in developing countries. Climate change is the most problem that affects the agricultural sector. Shebedino district is one of the drought prone, characterized with rugged topography, and erratic rainfall. The study aimed to assess the actual trend, identify the adaptation strategies and analyze factors affect the decision of adaptation...
Soil quality role for enhance soybean resilience under hydric stress season
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This study investigates how soil organic matter and the physical and microbiological attributes affect soybean yield in two distinct crop environments (high and low productivity) in southern Brazil, in a crop season with the occurence of a severe hydric restriction. Soil samples stratified by depth were collected to evaluate the chemical (organic matter), physical (root penetration resistance and growth), and...
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The Gomit Irrigation Project plays a crucial role in agricultural production, highlighting the urgent necessity to analyze hydraulic and hydrologic factors that influence water utilization efficiency. This study explores the intricate relationship between the hydraulic dynamics and hydrologic mechanisms of irrigation systems, aiming to enhance water usage in farming practices. It evaluates hydraulic elements including...
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The objective of this study were to identify incompatibilities in mixtures of herbicides applied in common bean crops and assess the effects of herbicide interactions on weed control. Experiments I e II were conducted in a completely randomized design, with four replications, using a 4×4 factorial arrangement consisted of four herbicides (applied alone or in combinations) and four evaluation times (0, 1, 2, and 3 hours). a...
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Inadequate soil fertility management techniques and nutrient deficits are the primary causes of the Gereb Giba area's that decreased onion productivity. As a result, fertilizer applications are a crucial input to boost onion yields, with the rate of application primarily determined by the soil's fertility. The research was conducted with the intention of the objective is to assess the impact of NPS and goat dung fertilizer...
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