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Strip intercropping is growing two or more crops in strips of wide enough to permit independent cultivation but also narrow enough for the interaction of the companion crops that allows better resource use efficiency which is also a common practice in coffee with Enset cropping at Southern Ethiopia. A field experiment was conducted at Awada Agriculture Research Sub-center experimental site between 2012 and 2018/19 to...
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A study was conducted in a 8 × 8 half diallel cross set of tomato excluding reciprocals to estimate the general combining ability and specific combining ability for marketable fruit yield per plant (Kg) and yield components, namely number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight (g) fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm) and fruit thickness (cm) including some quality traits as TSS, pH and pericarp thickness. The...
Water Resources and Food Security in Algeria; Diagnosis and New Strategy Proposition.
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Algeria as an important North African and Mediterranean country with remarkable bioclimatic, edaphic, and political characteristics is under many sorts of negative stress affecting considerably alimentary dependence. Today, Algerian agriculture presents a worrying record. Several warning signs show that the sector is only surviving thanks to massive imports of milk, grains, seeds and chemical fertilizers. The current...
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Weeds are a serious problem farmers face in tropical Africa, which significantly reduces yield. Field trials were conducted from September 2013 to September 2014 to determine the appropriate relative time of planting of legumes in cassava cropping system for optimum weed suppression. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Treatments consisted of combinations of three...
An appraisal of the role of bamboo in agroforestry and biodiversity conservation
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Bamboos are fast-growing woody grasses mostly distributed in the tropical and subtropical mixed forests or as pure stands, and are generally cultivated in courtyard and farm lands. Agroforestry models of bamboo have been practiced in most of the countries. This practice is basically aimed at providing a sound ecological basis for increased crop and livestock productivity, more reliable economic benefits and greater...
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Pollination by bees and other animals significantly increase both crop yields and quality. Bees also support the transfer of bio-control agents for suppression of crop pests and diseases through bio-vectoring technology that has not been applied in Africa. Two farms were set up to test the ability of managed bees to disseminate Trichoderma harzianum to control Botrytis cinerea, on strawberries. At on-station farm, three...
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Rubber is a perennial crop, so to evaluate economic efficiency of smallholder rubber production, the author uses long-term analysis method with values such as NPV, BCR, IRR, and annual value. The factors affecting the productivity of smallholder rubber are assessed through the Cobb-Douglas functional production function analysis method with input factors of communication and non-communication. Data were collected through a...
Effects of impurity on the efficiency of a legume threshing machine.
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A motorized legume thresher was redesigned to utilize coefficient of friction to separate grains from impurities, the thresher performance was evaluated and best combination of parameters for highest separation efficiency determined. The study was carried out using a randomized design of three batch weights (BW): 100, 150 and 200 g, four surfaces (S) mild steel, plywood, rubber carpet and rug at an angle of inclination of...
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The study was conducted in Bedele district, Bunno Bedele Zone of Oromia regional state from December to February aimed to assess livestock production system and available major livestock feed resource. Single-visit-multiple-subjects formal survey technique was used to collect data with the use of pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaires prepared in the local language. The collected data was managed and organized with...
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The study was conducted in 2017/2018 and 2018 / 2019 rainy seasons at Nanzolo, Domasi and Mkondezi in three replications using the RCBD following the Mother - Baby Trial Approach. The objective of the study was to evaluate grain yield of twelve high-yielding Rice (Oryza sativa) varieties that were selected and shared from elite Doubled Haploid germplasms of a Collaborative Project of KAFACI (RDA) and AGRA at Suwon in Korea...
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This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of spatial resolution in modeling water erosion by the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). In this study, three specific objectives were defined: evaluation of the effect of the geographic information source on water erosion, seasonal effects on the potential production of sediments, as well as public policies concerning the different scenarios. The topographic factor...
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Water is one of the most critical inputs for obtaining maximum production of crops. Each crop has its own water requirement and maintains its own tolerance limits within which the moisture variations don’t affect crop yields. Therefore, the moisture availability in the root zone of the crop could be maintained within the crop tolerance limits by adopting proper water management practices and improve water productivity in...
Assessment of Organic Fertilizer usage by Vegetable Farmers in Ondo State South West, Nigeria.
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The study analysed the assessment of organic fertilizer usage by vegetable farmers in Ondo State South West, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from one hundred randomly selected vegetable farmers through a multistage sampling procedure in the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, budgetary analysis and probit regression analysis. Findings of the study revealed that larger percentage (77.0%) of the...
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Soil acidification has major ramifications on crop production because low pH soils are less productive. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of limestone application on yield and grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentration in newly released high iron and zinc, drought resilient varieties of common bean (NAROBEAN 1 and 3). Using a split-plot in time design, an experiment was set up using three common bean...
Effectof Methyl Jasmonate on Acacia senegal(Hashab Trees)Production and Characteristics of Gum
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The study aimed to investigate the effect of the application of different concentrations of Methyl Jasmonate (JA-Me) on yield and quality of gum in Hashab (Acaciasenegal) trees. Moreover, also studied the anatomy of the treated trees, and characteristics of gums produced. The study was carried out in two locations, Gedarif State (high rainfall area-clay soil) and North Kordofan State (low rainfall area- sand soil) in...
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Growth response of two clones of Manihot esculenta Crantz (Cassava) TMS 30555 and TMS 30572 to Bentex T soil treatment was studied. Mycorrhizal root colonization in relation to growth parameters such as stomatal conductance, plant water status, plant foliation, height and stem girth was examined. Bentex T, a fungicide which limits the growth of arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi was added to soil at the concentration of...
Release of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Variety “Bishoftu.
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Even if there is released Fenugreek varieties in Ethiopia, there is no variety specifically for color quality purpose. This study was conducted based on the objective of evaluation of different colored Fenugreek germplasm for yield and market preference in Ethiopia. Evaluation and preliminary variety trial were conducted at Debrezeit, Chefe donsa and Akaki locations. While national variety trial was conducted at...
Olive oil production as influenced by pruning practice and deficit irrigation
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The present study focused on the effect of two agronomic practices pruning and irrigation on water status of tree, fruit growth and olive oil quality. One level of pruning (50% of the canopy volume were removed) had been tested compared to non pruned trees and they were combined with two irrigation treatments: trees irrigated usually as irrigation treatment (I) and trees subjected to water stress during the summer period...
Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Manure Amendments on Selected Soil Properties in Western Kenya
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This research determined the effects of incorporating sugarcane bagasse ash and cattle manure on soil pH, available P, and CEC during a 2 seasons’ field experiment in Kakamega County of Western Kenya. The experiment used a Randomized Complete Block Design, 3 replications, and a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Sugarcane bagasse ash and cattle manure application showed highly significant effects on soil properties...
Moving Beyond Manual Software-Supported Precision Irrigation To Human-Supervised Adaptive Automation
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This paper “looks across the river” to explore computer engineering applied within agriculture, particularly precision irrigation. It begins with work by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). They developed guidelines for estimating a crop’s water requirements. These guidelines describe a set of equations (Penman-Monteith form) drawn from the physics of evapotranspiration. The equations estimate water...
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Fababean gall (Olpidium viciae) disease is a new disease in Ethiopia causing up to100% crop losses. Treating seeds with Bayleton 25% WP fungicide was recommended for fababean growing areas. The objective of the study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of Bayleton fungicide as a seed dressing and foliar spray on fababean gall disease. The demonstration was conducted on two farmers’ field as replications at Meket District...
Supplemental value of exo-enzyme in the utilization of cassava fibre meal by broiler-chickens
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This study assessed the supplemental value of Roxazyme® G2 in the utilization of cassava fibre meal (CFM) by broiler-chickens in a 56 day feeding trial. A batch of three hundred and sixty (360) day-old Arbor acre broiler-chicks was allotted to twelve (12) treatments replicated five (5) times of six (6) birds in a 4 x 3 factorial in complete randomization. Cassava fibre meal was substituted for maize at 0, 20, 40 and 60%...
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Agriculture continues to be a strategic sector in the development of most low-income nations. Despite extreme climate conditions, agriculture plays a major role in the development of the economy, eradication of poverty, sustainable growth, and modernization of society in Sub-Saharan Africa. About 75% of Ethiopia’s landmass is categorized as dryland, which is home to about one-third of the country’s population. There is a...
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Key stakeholders’ involvement in the design and enforcement of effective African swine fever (ASF) biosecurity measures is very vital. Unfortunately, many times key stakeholders are less involved in the policy designing process. This study analyzed information from stakeholders in Mukono District, to assess the acceptabibility of enforcing ASF biosecurity measures among key stakeholders in Mukono District. Mukono District...
Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as an innovation in agriculture. A review
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Facing up with the effects of climate change, increasing human population, reduction of natural resources, and degradation of soils the agricultural sector has the challenge of meeting the world's demand for food. In this scenario, the interest of scientific communities for the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) in the agricultural sector has increased in recent years. The aim of this article is to provide a global view...
Technical Efficiency of Pineapple Production in Republic of Benin.
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Assessing the technical efficiency of pineapple producers is essential to avoid waste of resources and above all to target advices for improving the productivity of the pineapple producers. For this, a survey was carried out among 365 randomly selected producers from five major pineapple-producing Communes. Using the meta-border stochastic production model, technical efficiency scores of pineapple producers are estimated....
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Tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) is among the most important cereals in Ethiopia in terms of both acreage and production. However, its productivity is relatively low as compared to other cereals mainly due to drought and climate variability coupled with lack of drought tolerant varieties. A field experiment was, conducted with the objectives of assessing the effects of genotypes and sowing dates on the growth and yield...
Effect of tillers cutting height on quality production of Palmarosa (Cympopogon Martinii).
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A study was conducted to assess the role of tillers cutting height on quality production of palma rosa grass varieties. A field experiment consisting of two varieties (Wg-tejisar-I and Wg-tejisar-II) and four levels of cutting height (20, 25, 30 and 35 cm) in RCBD with three replications. There was tow harvesting time with in three months interval all parameters were taken during the course of field experiments. Even if no...
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A study to investigate commonly grown vegetables, commonly used pesticides, and pesticide use practices was conducted in Kabale District, in south-western Uganda. This is because indiscriminate pesticide use and poor application practices can leave pesticide residues in food rendering it unsafe for consumption. The study revealed extensive pesticide application in Brassica oleracea; var. capitata (cabbage), Brassica...
Determinants of fish consumption in the state of Qatar: post blockade.
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This study used a count data model to analyse the factors that affect fish consumption in Qatar after the blockade; aiming for effective evaluation, formulation and implementation, of policies for the fishery sector. To achieve this, the community of Qatar is divided into three groups based on their fish consumption rate: high, moderate, and low consumer. The determinants of fish consumption were confirmed using the...
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1.1.1.1 Range pastures provide the basic ruminant feeds resource for livestock production in semi-arid areas despite ruminant nutrition remaining a challenge affecting productivity. Different livestock development interventions have been promoted to improve livestock nutrition with low farmer adoption rate. A cross sectional exploratory study was conducted between March and July 2018 to identify the drivers of range...
Biochemical Characterization and Genetic Variability among Thirteen Black Pepper Genotypes
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There is limited information on the biochemical variability of black pepper genotypes in Ethiopia. Dried fruit samples from 13 introduced black pepper accessions were used for biochemical analysis. All the determinants were done in triplicates. Biochemical data ranged for essential oil between 1.70-3.60%, oleoresin 8.30-12.15%, ash 5.72-7.05%, acid insoluble ash 1.97-4.06%, crude fiber 13.61-17.96 %, moisture...
Determinants of Rural Households Resilience to Food Insecurity: Evidence from Southern Ethiopia.
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Food insecurity is one of the development challenges of developing countries in general and Ethiopia in particular. In addition, despite the colossal effort that has been made by Ethiopian government to reduce food insecurity, the number of food insecure people are still significant in Ethiopia compared to Saharan African countries. Though many studies assessed the level and determinants of food insecurity, evidences on...
Differential Vegetation Status of Okomu National Park and Okomu Forest Reserve, Edo State, Nigeria
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Okomu National Park and Okomu Forest Reserve were established to protect the rich flora and fauna resources. Studies at comparing the impact of these two approaches in conserving the rich flora and fauna resources have not been carried out on the study sites. This study is aimed at filling the knowledge gaps and assessed the differences in vegetation status of Okomu National Park and Okomu Forest Reserve. The purpose is to...
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Rotten Fruits is known to cause major losses in post-harvest conservation. One of the causal pathogen of pineapple rot was investigated and the antifungal effects of selected plants extracts were evaluated in vitro against fungal pathogen; Pestalotiopsis microspora. The fruits samples were randomly collected from farms after harvest. The samples were collected in Awae, the experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research...
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The sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Brentidae), is a destructive insect pest that damages sweet potatoes both in the field and during storage. To identify new environmentally friendly insecticides to control this insect pest, three assays (olfactory test, anti-feeding assay, and toxicity assay) were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and mode of action of 10 botanical insecticides against C....
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Climate change poses a major threat to agricultural production and food security in Ethiopia. Temperature rise and variability in rainfall patterns have had serious consequences on crop and livestock production. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is one of the solutions that simultaneously addresses the issues of food security, climate change and agricultural productivity. The objective of this study was to examine trends &...
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This study was conducted in Somodo Watershed to investigate land-use practices and its effect on species diversity and selected soil properties. Field observation was carried out to identify existing land-use practices following a transect walk. A total of 30 plots (10 m*10 m) were sampled from different land-use practices found in the watershed to evaluate species diversity, richness, and also soil samples were taken...
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Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an economically important and widely grown crop in Ethiopia. It is the dominant crop grown in Debre Elias district. However, its annual productivity is very low due to biotic and a biotic factor’s (diseases, pests, climate change, etc.), the limited use of local varieties and more dominantly one improved variety (Picaflour or Kekeba) for repeated years. Hence, this experiment was...
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This study was initiated with the objective of estimating magnitude of heterosisof selected conventional maize inbred lines. Ten elite inbred lines were selected based on over per se performances. The crosses were done in a 10 x 10 half-diallel mating design to produce 45 F1 single crosses hybrids during 2016. The experiment was conducted at Bako national maize research center in 2017 main cropping. The experimental...
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This study was conducted in the orchard of the Polytechnic Rural Institute for Training and Applied Research (IPR / IFRA) in Katibougou in order to assess the growth and production of solo papaya (Carica papaya L., 2n = 18) in Sudano-Sahelian zone of Mali with the effects of the hormone and manuring formulas. A split plot device, comprising 2 factors with 3 levels of variation each, was used. The main factor was the...
Cultivation of edible mushrooms in Namibia: Prospects and challenges of small scale farmers
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The demand for mushroom cultivation rapidly increases over years in Namibia as more people discovered its health and medical benefits,as well as the mushroom economic value. However, high temperatures at some parts of the country had made the cultivation difficult though watering in the mushroom houses was recommended as a measure to decrease temperature and rise up the humidity in the mushroom houses. In order to exploit...
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Use of rhizobium inoculants fertilizer in soybean production has been practiced for over a century and all over the world but in Africa, the technology is relatively new. Rhizobium inoculants have been disseminated in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) by Nitrogen 2 Africa (N2AFRICA) project of CIAT and later of IITA since 2010. However, demographic factors and perception in rhizobium adoption remain unknown. We...
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A 3 x 2 factorial study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dry season cutting management on subsequent forage yield and quality parameters of Napier grass during the years 2015, 2016 and 2017. The treatments comprised combinations of 3 harvesting times (November, January and March) and 2 cutting heights (20 and 30 cm). The analysis result revealed that, the total dry matter (DM) yield and leaf: stem ratio records...
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The application of silicon (Si) has been beneficial to several cultures, mainly those considered Si accumulators, such as rice. Thus, in most cases Si is supplied via soil. However, it has been found that foliar application and small amounts of the element can be a viable alternative for its supply to plants. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the foliar application times of different silicon sources on...
Net Income Analyses of Maize Agribusiness in Wukari Taraba State, Nigeria
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The study was carried out to ascertain effects of agribusiness functions and experience on small scale maize agribusiness operators’ net income in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. A purposive sampling method was used to select four area-markets namely Rafin-Kada, Gindin-Doruwa, Bantaji and Kente markets, where maize agribusiness owners predominantly carry out various processes involved in production and marketing of maize...
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An Experiment was carried out at Pulses Research Center, Ishurdi, Bangladesh for genetic divergence and variability estimate in nine field peas genotype. The trial was conducted randomly in complete block design with three replicas. Observations were recorded on different yield and yield contributing characters. All cultivars showed considerable differences in their performance, indicating the presence of extensive...
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This study sought to establish the influence of capacity building interventions on performance of hybrid sweet potato projects in Kenya: A case of Njoro Sub-County, Nakuru County. The study was grounded on Resource Dependency Theory and Diffusion of Innovations Theory. The philosophical underpinning of this study was pragmatism where a mixed method approach was used in a descriptive survey study design. The target...
Analysis of Sheep Value Chain in Central and Eastern Ethiopia
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The study was conducted to analyze sheep value chain in central and eastern Ethiopia. The objectives were to identify core functions, major market routes and to assess distribution of costs and margins. Purposive and simple random sampling was employed as a sampling technique to select 150 (75 mixed crop-livestock producers and 75 agro-pastoralists) respondents. The data collected through structured questionnaire and...
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This activity was conducted during the 2013 and 2014 main cropping season at Bule Hora District of West Guji Zone to improve farmers’ income, develop local capacity for future scaling up of potato technology and strengthen stakeholders linkage and collaboration in the study area. A total of fourty (40) farmers in the district were participated for the activity. A multidisciplinary team composed of breeder, pathologist,...
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