October 2016
Effects of drought on yield and yield components of two contrasting growth habits of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Common bean is grown by smallholder farmers in Malawi who produce low yield due to drought constrains. Two experiments comprising of two different bean growth habits (IIa and IVa) were conducted at Chitedze Research Station in Malawi, to assess eleven common bean genotypes for yield and yield components under drought conditions. Drought reduced significantly number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1 and consequently...
October 2016
Forage yield and nutritive value of naturally growing Brachiaria decumbens as undergrowth to an aroeira tree stand in a silvopasture system
This study evaluated the forage yield and feed chemical composition of a Brachiaria decumbens natural pasture as undergrowth to a Myracrodruon urundeuva (aroeira) tree stand in a silvopasture system at UNESP/Ilha Solteira, Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Sampling was conducted in a completely randomized block design with a factorial scheme of two plots and two sub-plots, with plots as the light...
October 2016
Physical properties of a latosol eutrophic red under management systems after different winter crops successful by the soybean crop
The objective was to verify the influence of winter crops under management mechanical (roller knife) and chemical (glyphosate), on soil physical properties and yield of soybeans. The experiment was carried out at the field under randomized block design in tracks scheme. The treatments consisted of four different winter crops (oats IPR 126, wheat BRS Tarumãt crambe FMS Bright and forage radish cultivar common) in...
October 2016
Determination of parameters for selection of Eucalyptus clones tolerant to drought
Climatic changes have induced the spread of aridity in many parts of the globe. Eucalyptus plantations show wide variations in productivity due to several factors, including climatic changes. Therefore, Eucalyptus genotypes that can adapt to such conditions is very welcome. Thus, an evaluation was done by comparing the physiological responses of two Eucalyptus genotypes, tolerant and drought-sensitive. They were...
October 2016
An optimization model for the combined planning and harvesting of sugarcane with maturity considerations
Planting and harvesting are important stages in the sugarcane crop cycle, because well planned planting and harvesting phases promote a series of benefits throughout the cultivation cycle and in the subsequent industrial use of the products. These benefits are operational, economic and environmental such as: improved utilization of the land area and transport logistics; an increase in sugarcane output; better cane...
October 2016
Effects of agricultural spray adjuvants in surface tension reduction and spray retention on Eucalyptus leaves
Agricultural spray adjuvants (ASA) are widely used in pesticide applications to enhance the effective control of pest, weed and disease. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of ASA used in Brazil agriculture on surface tension reducing capacity and foliar spray retention on different Eucalyptus species. Static surface tension of adjuvants at concentrations of 0.001, 0.0025, 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05,...
October 2016
Systems of land use affecting nodulation and growth of tree legumes in different soils of the Brazilian semiarid area
The growth of tree legumes in degraded areas must be preceded by assessments of nodulation ability of naturally established rhizobia populations since such information contributes to defining the species which can be planted for recovering disturbed areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and natural nodulation of “sabiá” (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.) and leucaena (Leucaena...
October 2016
Simulation of oat grain (Avena sativa) using its panicle components and nitrogen fertilizer
Nitrogen fertilizer management modifies oat (Avena sativa) panicle components and its grain yield. The work aims to study the potential of the variables of oat (A. sativa) panicle with N-fertilizer, and to simulatate its grain yield using multiple linear regression in succession systems of high and reduced N-residual release. The study was done in 2013 and 2014. The experiment was done in a complete randomized block of...
October 2016
Growth and composition of sugarcane and chemical attributes of the soil by fertilizing with different levels of cow manure
Four months after planting sugarcane variety RB867515, fertilized with 0.0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5 and 18.0 Mg ha-1 of cow manure, there was positive linear effect of the fertilizer on plant height and stalk diameter, quadratic positive effect on width and length of the largest leaf, and no effect on number of plants m-1 linear and the number of leaves plant-1. At 10 months, there was quadratic positive effect of cow manure on...
October 2016
Losses of pesticides in runoff from cotton crops under different management systems
In this study the concentrations of the atrazine, desethylatrazine (DEA), desisopropylatrazine (DIA), azoxistrobin, carbendazim, carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, diuron, endosulfan alpha and beta endosulfan sulfate, malathion, metolachlor, methomyl, monocrotofos, permethrin, profenofos, teflubenzuron, thiacloprid, tiametoxan and triflumuron were assessed in runoff water from cotton plantations under different management...
October 2016
Growth analysis, nitrogen accumulation, and yield of sugarcane varieties for the pre-amazon region of Brazil
The great expansion of sugar cane production to non-traditional regions in Brazil has demonstrated the importance of knowledge on the growth characteristics to maintain the productivity and sustainability of the sector. Among the alternatives available to evaluate different varieties of sugar cane, the growth analysis has been one of the most used tools. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and...
October 2016
Productivity and physical properties of corn grains treated with different gypsum doses
The productivity of corn grains is directly associated with factors related to soil fertility, which are relevant to the application of gypsum (calcium sulphate), in addition to variables inherent to the grain. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the variability of the physical properties of grains (circularity, roundness, bulk density, real density, volume and porosity) and production components...
October 2016
The influence of cover crops on erva de touro (Tridax procumbens)
Tridax procumbens is an herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceæ family and popularly known as erva-de-touro or margaridinha. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of cover crops when incorporated or maintained on the soil surface at different levels of straw, on the emergence and initial development of erva de touro. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during the period of May to...
October 2016
Influence of Ilex paraguariensis aqueous extract on safflower growth and germination in vitro
Allelopathy is a natural botanical effect in which certain crops release inhibitory substances which affect growth and development of other crops to the environment. The ability of plants to exhibit allelopathy vary among species. In Brazil, the allelopathic studies are restricted to common plants, such as corn, soy, wheat, and safflower. Given these factors, there are still many cultures as Ilex paraguariensis that are...
October 2016
Effects of pre-germination treatments on Copaifera langsdorffii seeds
Copaifera langsdorffii has been intensely exploited, since it attracts several interests, and is now on the list of endangered species. Due to this risk of extinction, seedling production of this species has important economic and social value. The aim of this study was to evaluate seed germination of C. langsdorffii subjected to different pre-germination treatments for breaking seeddormancy: i) control; ii) immersion...
October 2016
Residual effect of herbicides 2,4-D and Glyphosate on soybeans in a Brazilian Cerrado Ultisol
The use of herbicides for weed desiccation is what enables the no-tillage system, which increasingly stimulates the growth of the agrochemical market, in particular the class of herbicides. This study aimed to assess 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethyl-glycine) herbicides mixture persistence in soybeans of Ultisol in the Brazilian Cerrado. The study was conducted in a greenhouse with a...
October 2016
Agro-morphological diversity within field pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes
The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity present in twelve Algerian pea genotypes using 24 agro-morphological traits. The experiment was carried out during three growing seasons (2013 to 2014, 2014 to 2015 and 2015 to 2016). ANOVA analysis revealed the presence of a great genetic variability for all characters studied. This diversity might be used in breeding programs. Also, expression of...
October 2016
Effect of type of fuel and speed of engine on the performance of agricultural tractor
Given the need for new alternatives to finite source of energy from fossil fuels, testing of alternative fuels has become quite important. Studies have been carried out using sets of tractor with equipment to evaluate the operational performance together with supplying diesel and biodiesel. Biodiesel is a feasible alternative as it waives adjustments in diesel cycle engines, unlike other clean fuels such as natural gas...
October 2016
Smoke opacity of ethyl biodiesel from babassu and two types of diesel at different daytimes
Renewable energy benefits and disadvantages have been subject of major discussions and studies. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the smoke opacity from a farming tractor running two types of diesel, B S1800 (B0) and B S10 (B0), and ethyl biodiesel from babassu oil at two rates (B50 and B100), at six day periods (2, 6, 10 am, 2, 6 and 10 pm). The study was conducted at the Department of Agricultural Engineering of the...
October 2016
Occurrence of Cucumber mosaic virus, Zucchini yellow mosaic virus and Watermelon mosaic virus in cultivated and wild cucurbits in the coastal areas of Tanzania
Cucurbit vegetables play important role as sources of vitamins, micronutrients and income. However, their production is constrained, inter alia, by the virus diseases. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV; Cucumovirus), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV; Potyvirus) and Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV; Potyvirus) are the major causal agents of devastating virus diseases of the cucurbits. Disease symptoms similar to those caused by...
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