African Journal of
Agricultural Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Agric. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1991-637X
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJAR
  • Start Year: 2006
  • Published Articles: 6860

Full Length Research Paper

Vertical versus horizontal expansion of food security crops in Sudan: A causality analysis of 1961-2017

Nagat Ahmed Elmulthum
  • Nagat Ahmed Elmulthum
  • Department of Agribusiness and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Hufof, Saudi Arabia.
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Amal Saeed Abass
  • Amal Saeed Abass
  • Department of Agribusiness and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Hufof, Saudi Arabia.
  • Google Scholar
Abda Abdalla Emam
  • Abda Abdalla Emam
  • Department of Agribusiness and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Hufof, Saudi Arabia.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 30 November 2019
  •  Accepted: 11 February 2020
  •  Published: 30 April 2020

How to cite this article

APA /
Elmulthum, N. A., Abass, A. S., & Emam, A. A. (2020). Vertical versus horizontal expansion of food security crops in Sudan: A causality analysis of 1961-2017. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 15(4), 502-508.
Chicago /
Nagat Ahmed Elmulthum, Amal Saeed Abass and Abda Abdalla Emam  . "Vertical versus horizontal expansion of food security crops in Sudan: A causality analysis of 1961-2017." African Journal of Agricultural Research 15, no. 4 (2020): 502-508.
MLA /
Nagat Ahmed Elmulthum, Amal Saeed Abass and Abda Abdalla Emam  . "Vertical versus horizontal expansion of food security crops in Sudan: A causality analysis of 1961-2017." African Journal of Agricultural Research 15.4 (2020): 502-508.