Abstract

The neutrophil cytosol factor 1 (NCF1) gene consists of 11 exons and is found in two forms; one is wild type gene and the other is pseudogene. It has more than 98% homology. Both genes occupy the same chromosome region. The mutation in this gene leads to various types of diseases such as chronic granulomatous disease, multiple sclerosis, arthritis and parasitic infection. The common mutation of this gene in most diseases is GT deletion at the start of exon 2. The NCF1 gene interact with other subunits of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase  (NADPH) and play an important role in innate immunity and produce reactive oxygen species and reduce the severity and duration of parasitic infection and autoimmune disease. NCF1 also has a role in T cell activation.

Key words: Neutrophil cytosol factor 1 (NCF1) gene, exons, T cell activation.

Abbreviation

Abbreviations: TLRs, Toll-like receptors; RIG-I, retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors; ROS, reactive oxygen species; RNS, reactive nitrogen species; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase ; NOS, nitric oxide synthase; NCF 1, neutrophil cytosol factor 1; SINEs, short interspersed elements; MIR, mammalian interspersed repetitive; CGD, chronic granulomatous disease; APC, adenomatous polyposis coli; DCs, dendritic cells; LAT, linker for activation of T cells; TCR, T cell receptor; AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; RA, autoimmune diseases.