The study was carried out in dairy production potential areas of Oromiya, Amhara and Sothern Nations Nationalities People’s Region (SNNPR) with the objectives of evaluating artificial insemination delivery service on small holder dairy farmers, identify major constraints of artificial insemination delivery service and identify ways of alleviating problems related to artificial insemination delivery service. The study revealed that 85.7%, 70% and 58.8% of respondents in Oromiya, SNNPRs’ and Amhara regions were using artificial insemination as a common mating system to breed their dairy cows, respectively. Repetition was cited as the primary issue with artificial insemination in the research locations by almost 89%, 81%, and 97% of respondents in the Oromiya, SNNPRs', and Amhara regions, respectively. The number of insemination per pregnancy in Oromiya and SNNPRs regions was relatively higher as compared to Amhara regional state. Artificial insemination technicians responded that shortage of liquid nitrogen, quality of semen, shortage of transportation, absence of incentive and heat detection problems of the farmers were the major challenges of providing artificial insemination delivery service. Therefore, periodical training that aim to develop the skill of the dairy farmers on identification and time of presentation of cattle showing oestrus sign and providing inseminators with the necessary artificial insemination facilities is mandatory. Beside this, the government should provide quality semen and liquid nitrogen in order not to interrupt the artificial insemination services provided to dairy farmers.

Keywords: Artificial insemination, AI delivery systems, matting systems