African Journal of
Biotechnology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Biotechnol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1684-5315
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJB
  • Start Year: 2002
  • Published Articles: 12487

Full Length Research Paper

Morphological and RAPD-marker characterization of Melia volkensii (Gürke) in vitro plants regenerated via direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis

Eliud Sagwa Mulanda*
  • Eliud Sagwa Mulanda*
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Yeremia Chuhila
  • Yeremia Chuhila
  • Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35064 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
  • Google Scholar
Ryan Musumba Awori
  • Ryan Musumba Awori
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Mark Ochieng Adero
  • Mark Ochieng Adero
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Nelson Onzere Amugune
  • Nelson Onzere Amugune
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Elijah Akunda
  • Elijah Akunda
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Jenesio Ikindu Kinyamario
  • Jenesio Ikindu Kinyamario
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Eliud Sagwa Mulanda*
  • Eliud Sagwa Mulanda*
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Yeremia Chuhila
  • Yeremia Chuhila
  • Department of Zoology and Wildlife Conservation, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P.O. Box 35064 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
  • Google Scholar
Ryan Musumba Awori
  • Ryan Musumba Awori
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Mark Ochieng Adero
  • Mark Ochieng Adero
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Nelson Onzere Amugune
  • Nelson Onzere Amugune
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Elijah Akunda
  • Elijah Akunda
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar
Jenesio Ikindu Kinyamario
  • Jenesio Ikindu Kinyamario
  • Plant Tissue Culture, Genetics and Molecular Biology Labs, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O Box 30197-00100 Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 10 December 2014
  •  Accepted: 30 March 2015
  •  Published: 15 April 2015

References

Abdellatif KF, Hegazy AE, Aboshama HM, Emara HA, El-Shahed AA (2012). Morphological and molecular characterisation of somaclonal variation in tissue culture-derived banana plants. J. Genet. Eng. Biotechnol.10:47-53.
Crossref
 
Abouzied HM, Eldemery SMM, Abdellatif KF (2013). SSR-based genetic diversity assessment in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat populations. Br. Biotechnol. J. 3:390-404.
Crossref
 
Asghari S, Abbas SJ, Chen L, He X, Qin Y (2013). Micropropagation of Myrica rubra Sieb. and Zucc. using shoot tips and nodal explant. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 8:1731-1737.
 
Bairu MW, Aremu AO, Van Standen J (2011). Somaclonal variation in plants:causes and detection methods. Plant Growth Reg. 63:147-173.
Crossref
 
Bairu MW, Kane ME (2011). Physiological and developmental problems encountered by in vitro cultured plants. Plant Growth Reg. 63:101-103.
Crossref
 
Bookstein FL (1991). Morphometrics. eLS.
 
daSilva AVC, Rabbani ARC, Almeida CS, Clivati D (2013). Genetic structure and diversity of the neem germplasm bank from Brazil Northeast. Afr. J. Biotchnol.12:2822-2829.
 
Doyle JJ, Doyle JL (1987). A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochem. Bull. 19:11-15.
 
Gamburg KZ, Voinikov VK (2013). Somaclonal variation as ameans of obtaining regeneration with different growth rates in poplar (Populus x berolinensis Dipp.). Nat. Sci. 5:599-607.
 
Gray DJ, Benton CM (1991). In vitro micropropagation and plant establishment of muscadine grape cultivars (Vitis rotundiflora). Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 27:7-14.
Crossref
 
Hammer Ø, Harper DAT, Ryan PD (2001). PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol. Electron. 4(1): 9pp. 
 
Hanaoka S, Muturi GM, Watanabe A (2012). Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in Melia volkensii Gürke. Conserv. Genet. Resources, 4:395-398.
Crossref
 
Hennink S, Zeven AC (1991). The interpretation of Nei and Shannon-Weaver population variation indices. Euphytica 51:235-240.
Crossref
 
Indieka SA, Odee DW, Muluvi GM, Rao KN, Machuka J (2007). Regeneration of Melia volkensii Gürke (Meliaceae) through direct somatic embryogenesis. New Forests 34:73-81.
Crossref
 
Jin S, Mushke R, Zhu H, Tu L, Lin Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X (2008). Detection of somaclonal variation in cotton (Gossypium hirstum) using cytogenetics, flow cytometry and molecular markers. Plant Cell Rep. 27:1303-1316.
Crossref
 
Kokwaro, JO (1993). Medicinal plants of East Africa, 2nd edition. East African Literature Bureau, Nairobi.
 
Kour GL, Kour B, Kaul S, Dhar MK (2009). Genetic and epigenetic instability of amplification-prone sequences of a novel B chromosome induced by tissue culture in Plantago lagopus. Plant Cell Rep. 28:1857-1867.
Crossref
 
Larkin PJ, Scowcroft WR (1981). Somaclonal variation-a novel source of variability from cell cultures for plant improvement. Theor. Appl. Genet. 60:197-214.
Crossref
 
Lawing AM, Meik JM, Schargel WE (2008). Coding meristic characters for phylogenetic analysis: a comparison of step-matrix, gap-weighting and generalized frequency coding. Syst. Biol. 57:167-173.
Crossref
 
Li X, Yu X, Wang N, Feng Q, Dong Z, Liu L, Shen J, Liu B (2007). Genetic and epigenetic instabilities induced by tissue culture in wild barley (Hordeum brevisubulatum (Trin.) Link). Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 90: 153 -168.
Crossref
 
Lu CY (1993). The use of thidiazuron in tissue culture. In vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant 29:92-96.
Crossref
 
McGregor C, Lambert C, Geryling M, Louw J, Warnich L (2000). A comparative assessment of DNA fingerprinting techniques (RAPD, ISSR, AFLP and SSR) in tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum) germplasm. Euphytica 13:135-144.
Crossref
 
Miguel C, Marum L (2011). An epigenetic view of plant cells cultured in vitro: somaclonal variation and beyond. J. Exp. Bot. 62:3713-3725.
Crossref
 
Mulanda ES, Adero MO, Wepukhulu DK, Amugune NO, Akunda E, Kinyamario JI (2014). Thidiazuron-induced somatic embryogenesis and shoot regeneration in cotyledon explants of Melia volkensii Gürke. J. Prop. Ornam. Plants 14(1):40-46.
 
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15:473-497.
Crossref
 
Neelakanda AK, Wang K (2012). Recent processes in the understanding of tissue culture-induced genome level changes in plants and potential applications. Plant Cell Rep. 31: 597–620.
Crossref
 
Nei M (1973). Analysis of genetic diversity in subdivided populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 70:3321-3323.
Crossref
 
Nei M (1978). Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. Genetics 89:583-590.
 
Orwa C, Mutua A, Kindt R, Jamnadass R, Simons A (2009). Agroforestree Database: a tree reference and selection guide version 4.0, World Agroforestry Centre, Kenya.
 
Palmer AR, Strobeck C (2003). Fluctauting asymmetry analyses revisited. In Polak M (ed): Developmental instability (DI): causes and consequences: 279 -319. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
 
Parveen S, Shahzad A (2010). TDZ-induced high frequency shoot regeneration in Cassia sophera Linn via cotyledonary node explants. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants 16:201-206.
Crossref
 
Pawar UR, Baskaran J, Ajithkumar IP, Panneerselvam R (2013). Genetic variation between Xylocarpus spp. (Meliaceae) as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Emir. J. Food Agric. 25:597-604.
 
Peyvandi M, Noormohammedi Z, Banihashemi O, Farahani F, Majd A, Husseini- Mazinani M, Sheidai M (2009). Molecular analysis of genetic stability in long-term micropropagated shoots of Olea europaea L. (cv Dezful). Asian J. Plant Sci. 8: 146-152.
Crossref
 
Plazas M, Andújar I, Vilanova S, Gramazio P, Herraiz FJ, Prohens J (2014). Conventional and phenomics characterization provides insight into the diversity and relationships of hypervariable scarlet (Solanum aethiopicum L.) and gboma (S. macrocarpon L.) eggplant complexes. Front. Plant Sci. 5:318. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00318.
Crossref
 
Pratta G, Zorzoli R, Picardi LA (2000). Multivariate analysis as a tool for measuring the stability of morphometric traits in Lycopersicon plants from in vitro culture. Genet. Mol. Biol. 23:479-482.
Crossref
 
Radhakrishnan R, Kumari BDR (2008). Morphological and agronomic evaluation of tissue culture derived Indian soybean plants. Acta Agric. Slov. 91:391-396.
Crossref
 
Ranyaphia RA, Maoa AA, Borthakurb SK (2011). Direct organogenesis from leaf and internode explants of in vitro raised wintergreen plant (Gaultheria fragrantissima). ScienceAsia 37:186-194.
Crossref
 
Runo MS, Muluvi GM, Odee DW (2004). Analysis of genetic structure in Melia volkensii populations using random amplified polymorphic DNA. Afr.J. Biotechnol. 3(8):421-425
Crossref
 
Sathyanarayana N, Kumar TNB, Vikas PB and Rajesha R (2008). In vitro clonal propagation of Mucuna pruriens var utilis and its evaluation of genetic stability through RAPD markers. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 7: 973-980.
 
Shaalan EA, Canyon D, Younes MWF, Abdel-Wahab H, Mansour A (2005). A review of botanical phytochemicals with mosquitocidal potential. Environ. Int. 31: 1149-1166.
Crossref
 
Sheidai M, Aminpoor H, Noormohammadi Z, Farahani F (2008). RAPD analysis of somaclonal variation in Banana (Musa acuminate L.) cultivar Valery. Acta Biol. Szeged. 52 (2): 307-311.
 
Sheidai M., Aminpoor H, Noormohammadi Z, Farahani F (2010). Genetic variation induced by tissue culture in Banana (Musa acuminate L.) cultivar Cavendish Dwarf. Geneconserve 19:1-10.
 
Song BK, Clyde MM, Wickneswari R, Normah MN (2000). Genetic relatedness among Lansium domesticum accessions using RAPD markers. Ann. Bot. 86: 299-307.
Crossref
 
Soulange JG, Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya VM, Seeburrun SD (2007). Tissue culture and RAPD analysis of Cinnamomum camphora and Cinnamomum verum. Biotechnology 6: 239-244.
Crossref
 
Stewart, M, Blomley, T. (1994). Use of Melia volkensii in a semi-arid agroforestry system in Kenya. Commonw. Forest Rev. 73: 128-131.
 
Tang CY (2005). Somaclonal variation: a tool for the improvement of cavendish banana cultivars. Acta Hort. 692:61-66. 
 
Thengane SR, Bhosle SV, Deodhar SR, Pawar KD and Kulkarni DK (2006). Micropropagation of Indian laurel (Calophyllum inophyllum), a source of anti-HIV compounds. Curr. Sci. 90: 1393 – 1396.
 
ThermoScientific (2014). Assessment of nucleic acid purity. Technical Bulletin TO42.NanoDrop Spectrophotometers, Wilmington, Delaware, USA. Spectrophotometers-Nucleic-Acid-Purity-Ratios.pdf .
 
Valenzuela AJF, Santos BS, Quilang JP, Cao EP (2011). Comparative use of meristic and geomorphometric analysis of vegetative and floral characters in studying intraspecific variation in Portulaca grandiflora (Hook). Science Diliman 23:41-53.
 
Wekesa L, Muturi G, Mulatya J, Esilaba AO, Keya GA, Ihure S (2012). Economic vibility of Melia volkensii (Gurke) production on small holdings in drylands of Kenya. Int. Res. J. Agric. Sci. & Soil Sci. 2(8): 364-369.
 
Williams JGK, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafaski JA, Tingey SV (1990). DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res. 18: 6531-6535.
Crossref
 
Yeh FC, Yang R, Boyle TJ, Ye Z, Xiyan JM (2000). PopGene32, Microsoft Windows–based freeware for population genetic analysis, version 1.32. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.