April 2012
Gluten proteolysis as alternative therapy for celiac patients: A mini-review
Celiac disease (CD) results from damage to the small intestinal mucosa due to an inappropriate immune response to a cereal protein (wheat, rye, barley). The only treatment for CD is life-long avoidance of gluten proteins. Gluten-free products are not widely available and usually more expensive. That is why; there is an urgent need to develop an alternative therapy. Enzymatic degradation of gluten among other...
April 2012
Assessment of genetic relatedness of the two Amaranthus retroflexus populations by protein and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers
Two populations of Amaranthus retroflexus with different morphology were collected from field of the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Serbia. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and seed protein analysis were performed to study the genetic differences in two grain Amaranthus populations. The studied populations have different protein and DNA profile. A total...
April 2012
Polymorphism of the prolactin gene (PRL) and its relationship with milk production in American Swiss cattle
The modern dairy cattle breeding strategy in the Mexican tropic is to identify genes or allelic variants that can be incorporated into selection programs such as the prolactin gene (PRL) which is associated with milk production and quality. The aim of this study is to screen an American Swiss population in Chiapas, Mexico, in order to analyze the polymorphism of the prolactin gene as well as its relationship...
April 2012
Expression of androgen and estrogen receptors in the testicular tissue of chickens, quails and chicken-quail hybrids
36 New Roman cocks, 30 Korean male quails and 30 chicken-quail hybrids of different day-age were selected and their body weight and testes weights were measured and as well, their testes were collected. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA) expression patterns of androgen receptors (AR) and estrogen receptors (ER) genes in testicular...
April 2012
Expression of androgen and estrogen receptors in the testicular tissue of chickens, quails and chicken-quail hybrids
36 New Roman cocks, 30 Korean male quails and 30 chicken-quail hybrids of different day-age were selected and their body weight and testes weights were measured and as well, their testes were collected. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the messenger ribonucleic acid(mRNA) expression patterns of androgen receptors (AR) and estrogen receptors (ER) genes in testicular...
April 2012
Using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers to study genetic polymorphism of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) in Algeria
Pistacia vera L. is a widely represented plant in Algerian semi-arid regions. It is potentially used to restore degraded ecosystems. Genetic relationships among the cultivars was assessed by using six inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers.During the ISSR screening in this study, good amplification products were obtained from primers based on guanine-adenine (GA), cytosine-adenine (CA) and...
April 2012
rDNA internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis of Lycoris Hert.
The interspecific relationships of Lycoris species were studied by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. ITS fragments of 14 species were amplified, sequenced and analysed. The results showed that ITS sequences of 14 species were different from each other and the ITS lengths of 14 species were about 652 bp. The GC content of ITS2 sequences was bigger than that of ITS1....
April 2012
Genetic evaluation of domestic walnut cultivars trading on Korean tree markets using microsatellite markers
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is regarded as a healthy food because of its high nutritional composition and various health benefits. Although several walnut cultivars are being actively traded for domestic plantation or ornament in Korea, no particular effort has been made to evaluate genetic quality management of walnut cultivars in domestic tree markets. In this study, as an effort to evaluate the...
April 2012
Full-length enriched multistage cDNA library construction covering floral bud development in Populus tomentosa
Flowering involves expression of a suite of genes associated with floral development. The genome of the Chinese white poplar (Populus trichocarpa) was sequenced because of its importance as a model tree for genetic studies as well as being an economically important woody plant. However, information on expressed genes involved in poplar floral bud development is insufficient to allow annotation of genes...
April 2012
Isolating Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) B1 Hordein Gene Promoter and Using Sequencing Analaysis For The Identification of Conserved Regulatory Elements By Bioinformatic Tools
Gene expression is a complex multi-step process. For the efficient expression of foreign genes in plants, it is essential to optimize every step of the process for the plant machinery, which includes choosing suitable promoters. Promoters play the most important role in determining the temporal and spatial expression pattern and transcript level of a gene. Some strong constitutive promoters, such as...
April 2012
Genome shotgun sequencing and development of microsatellite markers for gerbera (Gerbera hybrida H.) by 454 GS-FLX
The objective of this research was to develop and characterize microsatellite markers for gerbera. We used shotgun sequencing with Roche 454 GS-FLX Titanium technology to identify microsatellite loci in gerbera genomic DNA (Gerbera hybrida). The total length of non-redundant sequences obtained was 22,527,019 bp, which consisted of 3,085 contigs and 28,249 singletons. We assembled 61,958 reads into 3,085...
April 2012
Pathogenesis mechanism of Pestalotiopsis funerea toxin (Pf-toxin) on the plasmalemma of needle cells of different pine species
The Pf-toxin (C5H11O5N) has been genetically associated with the pathogenesis mechanism in plasmalemma cells of pine needles in previous reports. In this study, a toxin was obtained from Pestalotiopsis funerea (called Pf- toxin) by concentrating and column chromatography. Responses of the needles of eight pine species against the toxin were investigated. The O2- production rate, malondialdehyde...
April 2012
In vitro propagation through root-derived callus culture of Swertia chirata Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
A procedure for regeneration of complete plantlets of Swertia chirata via indirect organogenesis is described. Callus was obtained from in vitro regenerated roots on Murashige and Skoog (1962) (MS) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of 6, benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). 13.32 µM BAP in combination with 0.90 µM 2,4-D proved...
April 2012
Cloning and characterization of functional keratin-associated protein 5-4 gene in maize
Keratin-associated proteins (KAPs) 5-4 which belongs to keratin-associated protein (KRTAP) type 5 family has two major groups: high/ultrahigh cysteine (HS) and high glycine-tyrosine (HGT). Based on bioinformatic prediction, we experimentally cloned a fragment containing an open reading frame of 1849 bp from maize, which encodes a protein of 408 amino acids. BLAST analysis indicated that KAP5-4 is...
April 2012
Cloning and selection of reference genes for gene expression studies in Ananas comosus
Full length mRNA sequences of Ac-β-actin and Ac-gapdh, and partial mRNA sequences of Ac-18SrRNA and Ac-ubiquitin were cloned from pineapple in this study. The four genes were tested as housekeeping genes in three experimental sets. GeNorm and NormFinder analysis revealed that β-actin was the most appropriate reference gene for qPCR analysis of callus...
April 2012
The use of selected purple nonsulfur bacteria to remove heavy metals and salts from sediment and water collected from contaminated areas to decrease their phytotoxicity
The potential of the purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB), NW16 and KMS24, to remove heavy metals (HMs) and salts was investigated in a synthetic solution (62.63 Pb2+, 34.60 Cu2+, 58.5 Zn2+ and 0.75 Cd2 mg/L) containing 3% NaCl, sediment, and water collected from contaminated post cultured shrimp ponds and seed germination of 2 plants were used to assay their plant toxicities after bioremediation. Both...
April 2012
Biofixation of carbon dioxide by Chlorococcum sp. in a photobioreactor with polytetrafluoroethene membrane sparger
The greenhouse effect, caused by excessive carbon dioxide emissions, constitutes a major aspect of global warming. Biological fixation of carbon dioxide using microalgae is an effective carbon dioxide reduction technology, but its widespread implementation is limited by the poor mass transfer efficiency. In this study, Chlorococcum sp. was cultured in a photobioreactor with a polytetrafluoroethene...
April 2012
Cloning, expression and purification of cold adapted acetate kinase from Shewanella species AS-11
A psychrotrophic bacterium, Shewanella sp. AS-11 was isolated from a buccinid (shell) Neobuccinum eatoni living in the Antarctic ice-covered sea. An open reading frame of 1203 bp, coding for acetate kinase gene, called ack, was amplified, cloned into the expression vector, pETY-16b, and the enzyme was overproduced by using T7 system in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). After...
April 2012
Biodecolorization of Reactive Black 5 by laccase-mediator system
Reactive azo dyes are widely used as textile colorants, typically for cotton dyeing, due to their variety of color shades, and minimal energy consumption. In the present study, commercial laccase from Trametes versicolor was used for the biodecolorization of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) dye using different redox mediators...
April 2012
Evaluation of cadmium bioaccumulation and translocation by Hopea odorata grown in a contaminated soil
Cadmium (Cd) contamination has an adverse effect on soil productivity and crop production. Phytoremediation is a long term and environmental friendly technology to remediate Cadmium polluted areas. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Hopea adorata for remediation of soils contaminated with Cd. Plant seedlings were planted in a clayey soil spiked contaminated with Cd in the...
April 2012
Phenotypic diversity and plant growth promoting characteristics of Mesorhizobium species isolated from chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) growing areas of Ethiopia
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the major sources of dietary protein for majority of Ethiopian population. It also maintains soil fertility through its symbiotic nitrogen-fixation in association with Mesorhizobium species. Therefore, this study was aimed at isolation, characterization and selection of symbiotically effective native chickpea nodulating rhizobia endowed with...
April 2012
Isolation and screening of lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis from Clarias gariepinus (African catfish) with potential use as probiotic in aquaculture
In aquaculture probiotic feeding could play a crucial role in developing microbial control strategies, since disease outbreaks are recognized as important constraints to aquaculture production and the fear of antibiotic resistance. In this study, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains from the intestinal tissue of African catfish Clarias griepinuswere successfully screened, characterized and...
April 2012
Bioactive potential of symbiotic bacteria and fungi from marine sponges
Marine sponges are rich in microbial biota. In this study, totally four sponges namelyCallyspongia diffusa, Hyattella Cribriformis, Sigmadocia carnosa, Spongia officininalisVar ceylonensis were collected and their associated bacteria and fungi were isolated.Among the microbes isolated, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Penicillium citrinumwere isolated from C....
April 2012
Isolation and screening of Streptomyces from soil of Tunisian oases ecosystem for nonpolyenic antifungal metabolites
The purpose of this study was to screen isolates of Streptomyces producing nonpolyenic antifungals. This choice was made to limit the problem of rediscovery of well-known antifungal families, especially polyenic antifungals. 68 Streptomycesstrains were isolated from the soil sample collected from Tunisian oases ecosystem. These strains were tested for their capacity to produce...
April 2012
Preliminary characterisation of the phytotoxin of sheath-blight disease of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani
The culture filtrates of Rhizoctonia solani was significantly toxic to rice leaves, being similar to that caused by R. solani. The culture filtrate from R. solani was extracted using ethyl acetate and isolated by silica gel column chromatography, which showed significantly high toxicity. The toxin was thermally stable even after incubation at 121°C for up to 30 min....
April 2012
Changes in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad) expression in chronic asthmatic rats induced by ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide
The aim of this study was to investigate the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad) signaling pathway associated with airway reconstruction in chronic asthmatic rats by studying mRNA and protein expression. Twenty-four (24) Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: a normal control group treated with 0.9% saline and an...
April 2012
Identification of overexpressed cytokines as serum biomarkers of hepatitis C virus-induced liver fibrosis using bead-based flexible multiple analyte profiling
Hepatic inflammation is the stimulator to activate hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and triggers fibrogenesis. Cytokines are produced during liver inflammation and maybe considered as liver fibrosis biomarker. The aim of this study was to investigate whether cytokines can be used as reliable biomarkers of liver fibrosis using flexible multi-analyte profiling (xMAP). A total of 61 chronic hepatitis C...
April 2012
Highly efficient in vitro adventitious shoot regeneration of Adenosma glutinosum (Linn.) Druce using leaf explants
Adenosma glutinosum (Linn.) Druce is an important aromatic plant, but no information is available regarding its regeneration, callus induction and proliferation from leaf explants. In this study, an in vitro shoot regeneration procedure was developed for native A. glutinosum using leaf explants. Callus induction and shoots regeneration from leaf explants was evaluated...
April 2012
Regeneration of plantlets from nodal and shoot tip explants of Anoectochilus elatus Lindley, an endangered terrestrial orchid
Anoectochilus elatus Lindley is an endangered terrestrial orchid. A procedure for the regeneration of complete plantlets of A. elatus Lindley through node and shoot tip explants resulted directly in shoots when cultured on a full strength Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with cytokinins at different concentrations. An average number of shoots per explant is 3 in shoot tip and...
April 2012
Comparative toxicity study of two different synthesized silver nanoparticles on the bacteria Vibrio fischeri
A comparative evaluation of acute toxicity of synthesized nano-silvers using two different procedures (biological and chemical reduction methods) and effect of silver ions on the bacteria Vibrio fischeri were investigated. The bacterial light inhibition testas a toxicological endpoint was used by applying of a homemade luminometer. To compare the toxicity effects as a quantitative...
April 2012
Fetal neurohistopathology of chloropyrifos in mice
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) was tested for feto-neuro-histopathological manifestations on fetal central nervous system (CNS) in mice at 3 maternally sub-toxic oral doses - 0, 9 and 18 mg/kg. Each dose group was further categorized as: single (gestation day (GD) 6) and triple exposures (9, and 12 respectively). Fetuses were exteriorized on GD18. No obvious signs of toxicity were seen in the dams at these exposures....
April 2012
Prenatal and perinatal acrylamide disrupts the development of cerebrum and medulla oblongata in albino rats
Acrylamide is known to cause neurotoxicity in experimental animals and humans. The literature on its neurotoxic effect in adult animals is huge, but the effect of acrylamide on the embryonic and postnatal development is relatively less understood. The present study examined its effects on the development of oxidative stress of cerebrum and medulla oblongata in albino rats. Acrylamide was orally administered...
April 2012
Effects of additional DL-methionine in broiler starter diet on blood lipids and abdominal fat
In a completely randomized design, the study was undertaken to investigate the effects of additional DL-methionine (Met) in starter diet of broilers on blood lipids (21 days of age) and abdominal fat (42 days of age). 288 days-old Ross 308 hybrid chicks were divided into 16 groups for the starting period. Dietary treatments were divided into four levels of sulfur amino acids (SAA), [0.7(control), 0.8 (NRC),...
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