Full Length Research Paper
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The study reveals that, there is high opportunity cost behind REDD+ project implementation in the case study villages of which 80% of the respondents were willing to take with anticipation that the project will be compatible with their local priorities and needs. The study has further revealed high expectations on the benefits to be gained by the communities in the respective villages. The REDD+ project, local governments and people should therefore, harmonize the community preferences so that project goals become compatible with community priorities and needs. Careful selection of the already proposed alternative livelihood projects like bee keeping project and microfinance must therefore be done in the case villages to ensure sustainability of REDD+ project and people’s lives. Notwithstanding the social economic effects, REDD+ project has brought positive changes in the case villages as there is already climate regulation in terms of rainfall, rejuvenation of river water tributaries flowing from the forests and increase of Non wood products in the forest reserves. The study recommends that, in order to maximize the environmental and socio-economic benefits in the case villages, there is a high need for conservation projects such as REDD+ project to cooperate with village government in tree planting campaign in the farm fields and encouraging the use of improved stoves to cut downcosts of fuelwood access and its consumption in the foreseeable future.
CONFLICT OF INTERESTS
The authors did not declare any conflict of interest.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This paper has been prepared as a part of research output of the project on Establishment of Harmonized Modalities and Mechanisms for Community Compensation under Carbon Markets: The Case Study of REDD Pilot Projects in Tanzania funded under the framework of Climate Change Impact Adaptation and Mitigation (CCIAM) programme supported by the Royal Norwegian Government.
REFERENCES
Bolin E, Mustalahti I, Boyd A, Paavola J (2012). Can REDD+ reconcile local prioritiesand needs with global mitigation benefits? Lessons from Angai Forest, Tanzania. Ecol. Soc. 17(1):16. |
|
|
|
Brown S (1986). Estimating biomass and biomass change of tropical forests: a primer. Rome: FAO Forestry Paper 134.Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. |
|
|
|
Brown S (1993). Tropical forests and the global carbon cycle: The need for sustainable land-use patterns. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 46: 31-44. |
|
|
|
Burges ND, Bahane B, T Clairs, F Danielsen, S Dalsgaard, M Funder, N Hagelberg, P Harrison, C Haule, K Kabalimu, F Kilahama, E Kilawe, SL Lewis, JC Lovett, G Lyatuu, AR Marshall, C Meschack, L Miles, S AH Milledge, PKT Munishi, E Nashanda, D Shirima, RD Swetnam, S Willcock, A Williams, E Zahabu (2010). Getting ready for REDD+ in Tanzania: a case study of progress and challenges. Oryx 44(3):339-351. |
|
|
|
Carlevaro F, Gonzalez C (2008). Costing Improved Water Supply Systems for Low- income Communities. A Practical Manual. University of Geneva/World Health Organization. |
|
|
|
Chomitz KM, P Buys, G De Luca, TS Thomas, S Wertz-Kanounnikoff (2006). At loggerheads? Agricultural expansion, poverty reduction and environment in the tropical forests. World Bank Policy Research, Development Research Group, World Bank, Washington, D.C., USA. |
|
|
|
Chopra K (1993). The value of non-timber forest products: an estimation for tropical deciduousForests in india. Economic botany 47(3):251- 257 (Institute of Economic Growth, University Enclave, Delhi 110 007, India). |
|
|
|
IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), Aleotti (2007). Assessment of adaptation practices, options, constraints and capacity. In: Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. M.L. Pary, O. F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden, and C.E. Hanson, eds. pp 976. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. |
|
|
|
Kabura J, Dos SS, Arild V (2013). The cost of managing forest carbon under REDD+initiative : a case of Kolo hills forest, Kondoa, Dodoma, Tanzania.A paper presented during a CCIAM workshop at Palm Tree Village Resort, Bagamoyo January 2013. |
|
|
|
Kajembe GC, Silayo DA, Kitula MM, Lyatura.,Mutabuz K.J. and Massawe F. and Vtn A (2012). REDD Realities:Leasons learned from REDD + Pilot projects in Kondoa and Rungwe Districts, Tanzania. |
|
|
|
Lugo AE, Brown S (1992). Tropical forests as sinks of atmospheric carbon. For. Ecol. Manag. 54:239-255. |
|
|
|
Stern N (2006).Stern Review: The economics of climate change. Her Majesty's Treasury, London, UK. |
|
|
|
Tanzanian Forestry Working Group (TFWG) (2010). Options for REDD in Tanzania: key design issues for the national REDD strategy. Brief 2. Tanzanian Forestry Working Group,Arusha, Tanzania. |
|
|
|
TNRF (2008). Tanzania Natural Resource Forum, Carbon, Communities, and Conservation:Developing a Framework for generating socioeconomic and Environmental Benefits using the voluntary Carbon Market in Tanzania: A Roundable workshop hosted by TNRF 14th March, Arusha. |
|
|
|
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (2010). Decisions adopted by COP 16 and CMP 6. Cancun Climate Change Conference, UNFCCC, Bonn, Germany. |
|
|
|
United Republic of Tanzania (URT) (2009). National Framework for Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). Forestry and Beekeeping Division, Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania. |
|
|
|
Vashum KT, Jayakumar S (2012). Methods to Estimate Above-Ground Biomass and CarbonStock in Natural Forests - A Review. J Ecosyst. Ecogr. 2:116. |
|
|
|
Whittaker RH, Linkens GE (1973). Carbon in the biota. In Woodwell GM, Pecan EV, Carbon in the biosphere, Proceedings of the 24th Brookhaven Symposium in biology. Upton, New York: United States Atomic Energy Commission 281-302. |
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0