ENSO is the primary natural hazard that contributes to food insecurity and poverty. It has been influencing countries' climatic regimes for decades, bringing frequent floods and droughts. There is limited knowledge on El Niño and La Niña occurrences that affect agricultural activities and occur during the Belg and Kiremt seasons. Evaluating the spatiotemporal rainfall performance of ENSO years spanning seasonal rainfall distribution over the research area is the primary goal. For the study's used satellite rainfall data from 1981 to 2021 was obtained from CHG-UCSB. The result demonstrated a substantial association between the Belg and Kiremt seasons spanning El Niño and La Niña periods with a range of correlation values. ENSO phases indicate that exceptionally dry years are probably linked to El Niño occurrences in the region, whereas extra ordinarily rainy years are likely linked to La Niña events. Seasonal rainfall performance and rainfall variability are impacted by ENSO events and other regional systems, with both positive and negative effects. In addition to examining the ENSO that have a major impact on the seasonal rainfall performances, also looked at the water availability, yield production, pastoralist and agro-pastoralist activities, and water availability. This research can help us better understand the mechanisms underlying regional ENSO events and their causes, which will be especially useful when future climate conditions change.

Keywords: Spatiotemporal; Season; Belg; Kiremt; ENSO