Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Alemseged Z, Wynn JG, Geraads D, Reed D, Barr WA, Bobe R, McPherron SP (2020). Fossils from Mille-Logya, Afar, Ethiopia, elucidate the link between Pliocene environmental changes and Homo origins. Nature communications 11(1):1-12. |
|
|
Armitage SJ, Bristow CS, Drake NA (2015). West African monsoon dynamics inferred from abrupt fluctuations of Lake Mega-Chad. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112(28):8543-8548. |
|
|
Barboni D, Ashley GM, Bourel B, Arraiz H, Mazur JC (2019). Springs, palm groves, and the record of early hominins in Africa. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 266:23-41. |
|
|
Bianchini S, Solari L, Del Soldato M, Raspini F, Montalti R, Ciampalini A, Casagli N (2019). Ground subsidence susceptibility (GSS) mapping in Grosseto Plain (Tuscany, Italy) based on satellite InSAR data using frequency ratio and fuzzy logic. Remote Sensing 11(17):2015. |
|
|
Bobe R, Manthi FK, Ward CV, Plavcan JM, Carvalho S (2020). The ecology of Australopithecus anamensis in the early Pliocene of Kanapoi, Kenya. Journal of human evolution 140:102717. |
|
|
Bouchette F, Schuster M, Ghienne JF, Denamiel C, Roquin C, Moussa A, Duringer PH (2010). Hydrodynamics in the Holocene Lake Mega-Chad. Quaternary Research 73:226-236. |
|
|
Branco Pavanatto AE, Stock Da Rosa ÁA., Temp Müller R, Roberto Da Silva L, Ribeiro AM, Martinelli AG, Dias Da Silva S (2020). Bortolin site, a new fossiliferous locality in the Triassic (Ladinian/Carnian) of southern Brazil. Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontología. |
|
|
Bristow CS, Armitage SJ (2016). Dune ages in the sand deserts of the southern Sahara and Sahel. Quaternary International 410:46-57. |
|
|
Bristow CS, Holmes JA, Mattey D, Salzmann U, Sloane HJ (2018). A late Holocene palaeoenvironmental 'snapshot'of the Angamma Delta, Lake Megachad at the end of the African Humid Period. Quaternary Science Reviews 202:182-196. |
|
|
Brunet M, Beauvilain A, Coppens Y, Heintz E, Moutaye AHE, Pilbeam D (1995). The first australopithecine 2500 kilometres west of the Rift Valley (Chad). Nature 378:273-275. |
|
|
Brunet M, Beauvilain A, Coppens Y, Heintz E, Moutaye AHE (1996). Australopithecusbahrelghazali, une nouvelle espèce d'Hominidé ancien de la région de Koro Toro (Tchad). Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences. Série 2. Sciences De La Terre Et Des Planètes 322(10):907-913. |
|
|
Brunet M, Beauvilain A, Geraads D, Guy F, Kasser M, Mackaye HT, Mac Latchy LM, Mouchelin G, Sudre J, Vignaud P (1997). Tchad : un nouveau site à Hominidés pliocène. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 324:341-345. |
|
|
Brunet M, Guy F, Pilbeam D, Mackaye HT, Likius A, Ahounta D, Beauvilain A, Blondel C, Bocherens H, Boisserie JB, De Bonis L, Coppens C, Dejax J, Denys Ch, Duringer PH, Eisenmann V, Fanone G, Fronty P, Geraads D, Lehmann TH, Lihoreau F, Louchart A, Mahamat A, Merceron G, Mouchelin G, Otero O, PelaezCampomanes P, Ponce De Leon M, Rage JC, Sapanet M, Schuster M, Sudre J, Tassy P, Valentin X, Vignaud P, Viriot L, Zazzo A, Zollikofer CH (2002). A new hominid from the Miocene of Chad, central Africa..Nature 418(6894):145-151. |
|
|
Duringer P, Brunet M, Cambefort Y, Likius A, Mackaye HT, Schuster M, Vignaud P (2000). First discovery of fossil dung beetle brood balls and nests in the Chadian Pliocene Australopithecines levels. Lethaia 33(4):277-284. |
|
|
Duringer P, Schuster M, Genise JF, Mackaye HT, Vignaud P, Brunet M (2007). New termite trace fossils: Galleries, nests and fungus combs from the chad basin of Africa (Upper Miocene - Lower Pliocene). Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 251(3-4):323-353. |
|
|
Duringer P, Schuster M, Genise JF, Likius A, Mackaye HT, Vignaud P, Brunet M (2006).The first fossil fungus gardens of Isoptera: oldest evidence of symbiotic termite fungiculture (Miocene, Chad basin). Naturwissenschaften 93(12):610-615. |
|
|
Duval M, Sahnouni M, Parés JM, van der Made, Abdessadok S, Harichane Z, Cheheb RC (2021). The Plio-Pleistocene sequence of Oued Boucherit (Algeria): A unique chronologically-constrained archaeological and palaeontological record in North Africa. Quaternary Science Reviews 271:107116. |
|
|
Ghienne JF, Schuster M, Bernard A, Duringer Ph, Brunet M (2002). The Holocene giant Lake Chad revealed by Digital Elevation Models. Quaternary International 87(1):81-85. |
|
|
Hunter RE (1977). Basic types of stratification in small eolian dunes. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 24(3):361-387. |
|
|
Hunter RE (1985). Subaqueous sand-flow cross strata. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 55(6):886-894. |
|
|
Lebatard AE, Bourlès D, Duringer P, Jolivet M, Braucher R, Carcaillet J, Schuster M, Arnaud N, Monié P, Lihoreau F, Likius A, Mackaye HT, Vignaud P, Brunet M (2008). Cosmogenic nuclide dating of Australopithecus bahrelghazali and Sahelanthropustchadensis: Mio-Pliocene Hominids from Chad. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105(9):3226-3231. |
|
|
Leblanc M, Favreau G, Maley J, Nazoumou Y, Leduc C, Stagnitti F, Oevelen PJ. van, Delclaux F, Lemoalle J (2006). Reconstruction of Megalake Chad using Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission data. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol 239(1-2):16-27. |
|
|
Lemoalle J, Bader JC, Leblanc M, Sedick A (2012). Recent changes in Lake Chad: Observations, simulations and management options (1973-2011). Global and Planetary Change 80:247-254. |
|
|
Mackaye HT (2001). Les proboscidiens du Miocène du Tchad : Biodiversité ; biochronologie ; paléoécologie ; et paléobiogéographie. Thèse de doctorat de l'Université de Poitiers (France) 209 p. |
|
|
Maithel SA, Brand LR, Whitmore JH (2021) Characterization of hard-to-differentiate dune stratification types in the Permian Coconino Sandstone (Arizona, USA). Sedimentology 68(1):238-265. |
|
|
Minisini D, Eldrett J, Bergman SC, Forkner R (2018). Chronostratigraphic framework and depositional environments in the organic-rich, mudstone-dominated Eagle Ford Group, Texas, USA. Sedimentology 65(5):1520-1557. |
|
|
Moussa A, Novello A, Lebatard AE, Decarreau A, Fontaine C, Barboni D, Sylvestre F (2016). Lake Chad sedimentation and environments during the late Miocene and Pliocene: New evidence from mineralogy and chemistry of the Bol core sediments. Journal of African Earth Sciences 118:192-204. |
|
|
Novello A, Barboni D, Sylvestre F, Lebatard AE, Pailles C, Bourles DL, Likius A (2017). Phytoliths indicate significant arboreal cover at Sahelanthropus type locality TM266 in northern Chad and a decrease in later sites. Journal of human evolution 106:66-83. |
|
|
Novello A, Lebatard AE, Moussa A, Barboni D, Sylvestre F, Bourlès DL, Paillès C (2015). Diatom, phytolith, and pollen records from a 10Be/9Be dated lacustrine succession in the Chad basin: insight on the Miocene-Pliocene paleoenvironmental changes in Central Africa. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 430:85-103. |
|
|
Olivry JC, Chouret A, Vuillaume G, Lemoalle J, Bricquet JP (1996). Hydrologie du lac Tchad (Vol. 12). |
|
|
Pias J (1970). La ve?ge?tation du Tchad: ses rapports avec les sols, variations pale?obotaniques au quaternaire; contribution a? la connaissance du bassin tchadien, Vol. 6. IRD Editions. |
|
|
Plaziat JC (1971). Racines ou terriers ? Critères de distinction à partir de quelques exemples du Tertiaire continental et littoral du bassin de Paris et du midi de la France. Conséquences paléogéographiques. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 7:1-2. |
|
|
Schneider JL, Wolf JP (1992). Carte ge?ologique et hydroge?ologique de 1/500 000 de la republique du Tchad, me?moire explicatif, 531. Paris: BRGM, P.531. |
|
|
Schuster M (2002). Sédimentologie et paléoécologie des séries à vertébrés du paléolac Tchad depuis le Miocène supérieur. Thèse de doctorat de l'Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg I. 152 p. |
|
|
Schuster M., Duringer Ph, Ghienne JF, Roquin C, Sepulchre P, Moussa A, Lebatard AE, Mackaye HT, Likius A, Vignaud P, Brunet M (2009). Chad Basin: paleoenvironments of the Sahara since the late Miocene. ComptesRendus Geosciences 341:612-620. |
|
|
Schuster M, Duringer Ph, Ghienne JF, Vignaud P, Beauvilain A, Mackaye HT, Brunet M (2003). Coastal conglomerate around the Hadjer el Khamisinselbergs (western Chad, central Africa): new evidence for Lake Mega-Chad episodes. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 28(10):1059-1069. |
|
|
Schuster M, Duringer Ph, Ghienne JF, Vignaud P, Mackaye HT, Likius A, Brunet M (2006). The age of the Sahara Desert. Science 311:821. |
|
|
Schuster M, Roquin C, Duringer Ph, Brunet M, Fontugne M, Mackaye HT, Vignaud P, Ghienne JF (2005). Highlighting Holocene Lake Mega-Chad paleoshorelines from space. Quaternary Science Reviews 24(16-17):1821-1827. |
|
|
Servant-Vildary S (1973). Stratigraphie et néotectonique du Plio-Pléistocène ancien du Tchad d'après l'étude des Diatomites. C.R. Acad. Sc. Paris, t. 276 (9 mai 1973). Série D- 2633. |
|
|
Sewell L (2019) Using a multiproxy analysis of springbok fossils to track 2 million years of vegetation changes experienced by hominins in southern Africa. (PhD Thesis). Bournemouth University. |
|
|
Swezey C (1998). The identification of eolian sand and sandstones (L'identification des sables et gréséoliens. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Sciences de la terre et des planètes / Earth and Planetary Sciences 327(8):513-518. |
|
|
Vignaud P, Duringer P, Mackaye HT, Likius A, Blondel C, Boisserie JR, De Bonis L, Eisenmann V, Etienne ME, Geraads D, Guy F (2002). Geology and palaeontology of the Upper Miocene Toros-Menalla hominid locality, Chad. Nature 418(6894):152-155. |
|
|
Warren A, Bristow C, Chappell A, Engelstaedter S, Mbainayel S, Todd M, Washington R (2005). The dustiest place and Earth. Nature 434:816-819. |
|
|
Yu Y, Kalashnikova OV, Garay MJ, Lee H, Notaro M, Campbell JR, Marquis J (2020. Disproving the Bodélé depression as the primary source of dust fertilizing the Amazon Rainforest. Geophysical Research Letters 47(13):e2020GL088020. |
|
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
