September 2013
Utilisation of common grain crops in Zimbabwe
Grain production in Zimbabwe is very important to food security of the country and therefore should be promoted. Potentially, knowledge on utilisation and value addition of grain crops can be viewed as strong strategies in promoting its production. Value addition results in various products from each grain crop and this may increase utilisation and profitability. In this review paper, an attempt is made to...
September 2013
Effect of pre-drying treatments on utilizability of sweet potato tubers for production of chips for confectionery flour
Yellow variety of sweet potato tubers lots were processed with different pre-drying treatments of peeled washed chips: Unblanched without Sodium Metabisulphite (UB-SMBS), blanched without sodium metabisulphite (B-SMBS), unblanched with sodium metabisulphite (UB+SMBS) and blanched with sodium metabisulphite (B+SMBS) for production of dried chips for confectionery flours. Low moisture contents in the range of...
September 2013
Extending the use of an underutilised tuber I: Physicochemical and pasting properties of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) flour and its suitability for making biscuits
Cocoyam is one of the important root food crops especially among the low income earners in Nigeria. However, the utilisation options of cocoyam are mainly limited to direct consumption as whole boiled or pounded tuber only, thus making it an underutilised crop. Physicochemical and pasting properties of cocoyam flour, its suitability and acceptability in biscuit making were determined. Red and white cocoyam varieties...
September 2013
Development and functional properties of low-cost complementary food
Development of complementary food that contains adequate nutrients at affordable costs is quite a challenge for developing countries. The traditional complementary foods are viscous and lack essential nutrients. The objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate the physicochemical properties and acceptability of a complementary food. A preliminary study was conducted to select the appropriate...
September 2013
Influence of gamma irradiation on the nutritional and functional properties of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) flour
Effects of gamma irradiation on pigeon pea flour at various doses (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kGy) on the proximate composition and functional properties were investigated. Gamma irradiation resulted in a slight increase of crude protein at all doses and the crude lipid. Crude fibre and ash showed no apparent effects of irradiation between the non-irradiated sample and the irradiated. A significant increase...
September 2013
Review of the practices of feeding and food of complement to the young child
The objective of this synthetic study of the existing data is to make the current situation of the various practices of feeding to determine their evolution in Niger with the aim of a better improvement of the infant food. It is based on the exploitation of available documents, including reports of nutrition surveys, demographic and health, the annual...
September 2013
Anti-oxidative biochemical properties of extracts from some Chinese and Thai rice varieties
Total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC) and antioxidant activity of extracts from 8 varieties of Chinese and Thai rice grains were evaluated. Extraction was done using water (at 25°C), hot water (at 50°C) and 70% ethanol. Highest TPC and TFC were seen in all rice varieties after extraction with 70% ethanol. The Heimi variety of Chinese rice showed the highest TPC...
September 2013
Effect of processing on the lectin and trypsin inhibitor content of Plukenetia conophora seeds as it affects growth performance and nutrients metabolism in rat
The study evaluated the effect of processing on lectin and trypsin inhibitor contents ofPlukenetia conophora seeds and assessed such effect on growth and nutrient metabolism in rats. Mature conophora seeds were divided into three groups based on processing. The seeds were sun-dried and pulverized, and portions from each group were subjected to proximate composition analysis and measurement for the...
September 2013
Evaluation of antioxidant potentials of Monodora myristica (Gaertn) dunel seeds
The antioxidant activity of the flavonoid fraction of the seed extract of Monodora myristica (Gaertn) Dunel was evaluated. The M. myristica seed was extracted with aqueous ethanol (70%) to produce the crude extract. Phytochemical analysis of M. myristica ethanolic extract revealed the presence of secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides...
September 2013
Dietary effects of two commercial feed additives on growth performance and body composition of African catfish Clarias gariepinus fingerlings
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two commercial feed additives on growth, nutrient utilization and body composition of African catfish, Clarias gariepinusfingerlings. Two commercial feed additives Aqua booster® and Aqua pro® were added to the basal diet at 0.5 g kg−1 feed and fed to the fish for 56 days at 3% body weight. Fish fed on diets with...
September 2013
Effect of ten amino acids on elimination of acrylamide in a model reaction system
Ten (10) amino acids (asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glycine, glutamic acid, glutamine, methionine, leucine, tyrosine and lysine) were used to test their effect on elimination of acrylamide, when co-heating of 10 ïmol of acrylamide respectively with 0.1 mmol of amino acids at 160ï‚°C for 15 min, acrylamide was eliminated from 7.4% (asparagine) to 94.4% (cysteine) at natural pH, and 11.4% (glutamic...
September 2013
Occurrence and antibiotic resistance profile of Listeria monocytogenes in salad vegetables and vegetable salads sold in Zaria, Nigeria
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram positive facultative anaerobic microorganism that causes listeriosis in both animals and humans. The main route of infection has been identified to be by ingestion of food contaminated with the organism particularly those stored at refrigeration temperatures. This study was carried out to determine the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profile...
September 2013
Chemical evaluation of processed maize (Zea mays), indeginous cowpea spp. (Vigna unguiculata) and melon seed (Citrullus vulgaris) and organoleptic attributes of their blends
The thrust of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition of processed maize, cowpea and melon; and assess the sensory attributes of their blends. The proximate, iron, zinc, tannins and phytate composition of the processed samples were assessed using standard assay methods. Blends were formulated using 14 g protein (average protein requirement for infants 0 to 3 years) basis and subjected to sensory...
September 2013
Protein supplementation value of sun-dried ensiled sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) in grower pigs: Growth performance and nitrogen utilization
24 male pigs of similar crosses and initial weight of 13.2±0.1 kg were used to determine the effect of sun-dried ensiled Tithonia diversifolia leaf meal (DETD) on their growth performance and nitrogen utilization at dietary inclusion of 10, 20 and 30%. All diets were isocaloric and contained about 19% crude protein. The animals were randomly assigned into four dietary treatments and...
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