Studies on the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi have been too generic with minimal focus on smaller units of study in order to understand what exactly took place in those particulars areas or institutions that existed in Rwanda prior to the 1994 genocide. Therefore, this paper addresses this gap in the former Caisse Sociale du Rwanda (CSR) – currently the Rwanda Social Security Fund (RSSB). The paper critically analyses social relationships between the former Hutu and Tutsi employees, living and working conditions of the former Tutsi employees in CSR. The periods covered are before 1 October 1990, the period between 1 October 1990 and 6 April 1994, the genocide period and the post genocide period. The study also highlights the crimes committed against the former Tutsi employees and the weapons used in killing the former Tutsi employees. Lastly, the paper looks at how the former state institution used workers’ money to implement the genocide in conspiracy with the former genocidal government. Eighty respondents participated in this qualitative study and respondents were selected either by purposive or snowball sampling procedures.

Keywords: Genocide, discrimination, enmity, hatred, Hutu, Tutsi