Abstract

Gynecologic lesions are largely ignored public health problems. The study seeks to establish the histologic pattern of gynecologic morbidities in Delta State. This is a descriptive retrospective study in Delta State University Teaching Hospital DELSUTH, Nigeria. The age and diagnosis of gynecological lesions diagnosed from 2014 to 2019 were extracted from the histopathology records, analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2007 Spreadsheet and summarized in tables. Gynecological lesions accounted for 16.4% of surgical biopsies. The age-groups of 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59 and 60-69 years accounted for 9.1, 36.3, 26.7, 15.4 and 7.1% of the cases respectively. Diseases of the myometrium, ovary, uterine cervix, endometrium, vagina, fallopian tube and vulva accounted for 42.6, 24.6, 19.5, 6.6, 1.9, 1.7 and 1.4% of the cases respectively. Benign neoplasms, malignant neoplasms, cystic non-neoplastic diseases, intraepithelial lesions, inflammatory and pregnancy-related disorders accounted for 53.3, 20.4, 9.3, 7.1, 6.0 and 2.8% of the cases respectively. Cervical lesions include cancer (59.2%), endocervical polyp (15.5%), intraepithelial neoplasm (15.5%), cervicitis (5.6%) and leiomyoma (4.2%). Myometrium lesions include leiomyoma (98.7%), adenomyoma (0.6%) and gangrenous uterus (0.6%). Endometritis (16.7%), hyperplasia (62.5%), and cancer (20.9%) occurred in the endometrium. Hydrosalpinx (6.3%), salpingitis (37.5%) and tubal pregnancy (56.3%) were the tubal lesions. Ovarian lesions included inflammatory disorders (11.6%), non-neoplastic cysts (34.9%), surface epithelial (24.2%), germ cell (18.6%) and sex cord stromal tumours (9.3%). Benign disorders are more common than malignancies with leiomyoma and cervical cancer representing the most common benign and malignant tumours respectively.

Key words: Gynecology, morbidity, cancer, females.