December 2013
Quantitative PCR analysis of diesel degrading genes of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus isolates
Acinetobacter strains LT1 and V2 were grown in Bushnell-Haas medium with 1% diesel and their expression levels of eight diesel-degrading genes were evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). LT1 and V2 isolates achieved 86.2 and 89.7% degradation respectively, after 60 days with no significant differences in expression, in comparison with 16S rRNA, rubB and lipB. LT1 showed higher expression levels of...
December 2013
The dynamics of bacterial population during growth and decomposition of phytoplankton in a tropical productive pond water ecosystem
In this study, a field experiment was set up to examine the seasonal dynamics of bacterial population and to investigate the relationship between bacterial abundance and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) produced by phytoplankton in a tropical eutrophic fishpond located in Calabar, South-East Region of Nigeria. Sampling lasted for six months: January to March in the dry season and April to June in the wet season. The...
December 2013
Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on oxidative stresses in patients with chronic gastritis
The Helicobacter pylori infection is currently endemic worldwide with high prevalence in developing regions. The infection causes chronic gastritis, gastric and gastric adenoid carcinoma. Infection by H. pylori may act as a risk factor for proteins, lipids and DNA damages. In this study, gastric biopsies were obtained in patients with a chronic gastric to investigate effects of H. pylori infection on oxidative stress in...
December 2013
Comparison of the conventional technique and 16S rDNA gene sequencing method in identification of clinical and hospital environmental isolates in Morocco
Early and effective diagnosis of infectious diseases of bacterial origin is a critical key in the management of public health. In hospitals, accurate identification of bacterial isolates is an essential task for the microbiological control. Small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA) sequence analysis is usually used for the identification and classification of bacteria. To evaluate the accuracy of 16S rDNA gene...
December 2013
Biogenic silver nanoparticles by Aspergillus terreus as a powerful nanoweapon against Aspergillus fumigatus
In the past few decades, nanoparticles have emerged as a field in biomedical research. Four isolated Aspergillus species were tested for extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using their cell free filtrate (CFF). Silver nanoparticles of the most potent producer, Aspergillus terreus, were further characterized. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) revealed their spherical...
December 2013
Phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Securidaca longepedunculata on selected pathogens
Securidaca longepedunculata family Polygalaceae is a tropically distributed medicinal plant. Antibacterial activity of chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts of the roots and leaves of the plant against some selected microorganisms were shown using standard Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The plants extracts showed inhibitory activity against the tested organisms. The diameter of zones of inhibition exhibited by...
December 2013
Informant consensus factor and antimicrobial activity of ethno medicines used by the tribes of wayanad district kerala
The ethno botanical investigation of medicinal plants used by the Kurichia, Kuruma, Kattunaika, Adiya and Paniya tribes of Wayanad district, Kerala were recorded. One thousand (1000) ethno medicines derived from 500 plants used by the tribal medical practitioners were documented. Of this, 10 species were frequently used for treating various infectious diseases. An informant consensus factor was calculated for 10 species...
December 2013
Isolation and characterization of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase-containing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria from carnation soil and roots
Five strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity were isolated from carnation soil and roots using ACC as the sole nitrogen source. Based on their growth morphological, microscopic cell properties and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the results showed that three strains were identified as Enterobacter section and one as Erwinia among four strains...
December 2013
Virulence of new South Carolinian heterorhabditid isolates (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) to the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua
The virulence of new nine heterorhabditid isolates from South Carolina (Heterorhabditis megidis LEX, H. zealandica EDS and CHR, and H. bacteriophora WPS, SMP, PD, CFG, MF and CFM strains) against the beet armyworm was compared with two known heterorhabditid nematodes (H. bacteriophora Hb and HP88 strains) under laboratory conditions. The Petri-plate bioassay procedure was used to evaluate the susceptibility of the...
December 2013
L-Asparaginase produced by Streptomyces strain isolated from Egyptian soil: Purification, characterization and evaluation of its anti-tumor
L-Asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) is produced from actinomycetes to avoid the hypersensitive effect of that produced from other bacteria. Streptomyces halstedii strain was isolated from Egyptian soil and produced L-asparaginase. The 55.2-fold purified enzyme obtained had a final specific activity of 2071.2 U/mg. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed one band with molecular weight of 100...
December 2013
Discovery of antimicrobial activities of a marine diatom Thalassiosira rotula
This study investigates the antimicrobial activities of a marine diatom, Thalassiosira rotula against microorganisms including three Gram-stain positive and six Gram-stain negative bacteria and one species of yeast. Well-bioassays were used to evaluate the ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria with extracts derived from algae using different extraction techniques of cell wall rupture and organic solvents....
December 2013
Slime producing, heavy metals and antibiotics resistance in Aeromonas hydrophila isolated in Tunisia
Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from different naturally polluted environments (ten from wastewater, six from bay used for aquaculture, eight from sea coast water and six from fish) were subjected to 13 antibiotics, and to four heavy metals (Copper, Cobalt, Zinc and Mercury) by using agar diffusion and agar dilution methods, respectively. In addition, effect of heavy metals on slime production was also...
December 2013
A new bioassay using Chlorella vulgaris cell density for detecting mycotoxins
Bioassay is an alternative screening technique to evaluate the biotoxicity of the fungal secondary metabolites before any further chemical analyses. In this study, the cell density of Chlorella vulgaris cultures were used to detect the biotoxicity of 108 isolates belonging to seven fungal species. The crude extracts of all toxin producing fungal isolates that were tested inhibited the growth of C. vulgaris dramatically...
December 2013
Characterisation of a Bifidobacterium sp. strain isolated from human faeces and its expression of the ack and ldh genes
Faecal samples of two Mexican breast-fed infants were used to isolate a Bifidobacterium strain in a selective medium. This strain was characterised biochemically for carbohydrate fermentation patterns and the fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase assay; genetically it was identified by PCR using genus-specific primers. The isolated strain was named Bifidobacterium JCLA3 and was grown on four different carbon sources; the...
December 2013
Effect of salting and packaging on liquid-smoked rainbow trout fillets during refrigerated storage
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of salting and packaging treatments on liquid-smoked rainbow trout fillets during refrigerated storage (4°C) for 120 days. Treatments included the following: V1 (vacuum packaged- 35% brine), M1 (modified atmosphere packaged- 50% CO2 + 50% N2- 35% brine), V2 (vacuum packaged- 70% brine) and M2 (modified atmosphere packaged- 70% brine). Fillets were subjected to...
December 2013
Detection of Yersinia pestis DNA in human bubo aspirates in Tanzania
The use of molecular techniques to detect Yersinia pestis has enabled remarkable progress in the provision of necessary information on the occurrence of plague. In Tanzania, despite the long history of plague, DNA confirmation on the presence of Y. pestis in human specimens has not been done. This study was conducted in Mbulu district in Northern Tanzania where plague outbreaks have recently been reported. Nine human...
December 2013
Comparative efficacy of Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum against Fusarium oxysporum f sp. ciceris causing wilt of chickpea
Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp., ciceri) is one of the major yield limiting factors of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). For eco-friendly and sustainable management of the disease, two species of antagonists (Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma harzianum) and chemical fungicide (Carbendazim 50 WP) alone or in combination with farm yard manure (FYM) were evaluated against the pathogen. The study was carried out under...
December 2013
Evaluation of Stropharia sp. 1.2052 nematicidal effects against Meloidogyne incognita on tomato
To use unique nematicidal mechanism of Stropharia, the strain 1.2052 was evaluated for its potential to control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on tomato. In vitro, the inhibition rate in 24 h of Stropharia sp. 1.2052 isolate was 100% for second-stage juveniles of M. incognita and Panagrellus redivivus, 41.81% for Caenorhabiditis elegans and 99.25% for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, respectively. In pot...
December 2013
Effect of climatic factors on fruit rots (Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus niger) of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) and their management systems
The present study aimed to study influence of temperature and relative humidity on fruit rots (Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus niger) of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) and find appropriate management option during storage period. Maximum damage by A. alternata was observed at 25°C while A. niger showed maximum severity at 30°C. Positive relationship was observed between relative humidity (RH) and fruit rot...
December 2013
Efficacy of aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)-deaminase-producing rhizobacteria in ameliorating water stress in chickpea under axenic conditions
To mitigate environmental stresses, use of aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)-deaminase containing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) as agricultural inputs for improved crop production is required. A total of 47 bacterial isolates from different rhizospheric soils of chickpea from Punjab were biochemically characterized and found to be representatives of genus Bacillus (25) and Pseudomonas (22). Ten...
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