March 2012
Diversity of endophytic fungi in some tropical medicinal plants – A report
Endophytic fungi are a taxonomically and ecologically heterogenous group of organisms; mainly belong to ascomycetes, coelomycetes and hypomycetes. The abundance of endophytic fungi in tropical regions has been studied. However, scant attentions have been given to medicinal plants of tropics. Synthesis of Indole acetic acid and metabolites showing antiviral, volatile metabolites, anticancer agents, anti-oxidants,...
March 2012
Effectiveness and clinical applications of real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR system for the detection of Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium perfringens can cause gas gangrene, a serious and often lethal condition. To evaluate real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR as a means of rapidly detectingC. perfringens for fast and effective diagnosis of gas gangrene, we used a C. perfringens16s rDNA gene sequence as a template to design specific primers and probes, optimized reaction conditions, and used clones of the amplified PCR...
March 2012
Potentially pathogenic Campylobacter species among farm animals in rural areas of Limpopo province, South Africa: A case study of chickens and cattles
This study investigated the prevalence of thermophilic pathogenic Campylobacter in farm settlements in South Africa. Six hundred freshly voided faeces samples were collected from chicken and cattle (300 each) and analyzed on mCCDA supplemented with campylobacter supplement and incubated at 42°C. Out of this, 106 (35.3%) of the chicken faeces were positive for Campylobacter, 58 (19.3%) from...
March 2012
The effect of drought stress on leaf chlorophyll content and stress resistance in maize cultivars (Zea mays)
This study investigated the prevalence of thermophilic pathogenic Campylobacter in farm settlements in South Africa. Six hundred freshly voided faeces samples were collected from chicken and cattle (300 each) and analyzed on mCCDA supplemented with campylobacter supplement and incubated at 42°C. Out of this, 106 (35.3%) of the chicken faeces were positive for Campylobacter, 58 (19.3%)...
March 2012
On the spatial scaling of field measured soil water and electrical conductivity
In order to explore the impacts of scale on soil variability, a study in a 120 × 40 m agricultural field was carried out. Spatial variations of soil water content (SWC) and electrical conductivity (EC) were analyzed with all the data measured under 5 × 5 m sampling grid. Then, resampling technique was employed with changing sampling extents and spacing, and spatial variation of each scenario was also...
March 2012
Occurrence and diversity of endophytic fungi in Bletilla ochracea (Orchidaceae) in Guizhou, China
Previous studies regarding fungal specificity and diversity of the Orchidaceae mainly focus on the mycorrhizal fungi. In contrast, little knowledge of endophytic communities and distributions of non-mycorrhizal fungi in different organs and different sites of orchidsare available. In the present study, we investigated the occurrence and species diversity of culturable endophytic fungi from roots and...
March 2012
Cloning and characterization of the pyrG gene of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii
Pleurotus spp. are well known and important cultivated mushrooms. However, the pyrGgene in Pleurotus spp., which is used as a bio-safe selective marker in transformation systems, has not yet been characterized. In the present study, nested degenerated PCR was used to clone conserved fragments of the pyrG gene from Pleurotus ostreatus andPleurotus eryngii. Chromosome walking...
March 2012
Efficacy of infected tissue sample brief-culture on Lowenstein-Jensen media as pre-polymerase chain reaction (Pre-PCR) to diagnosis of Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of Tuberculosis does not retain any bacteriological stain due to the high lipid content in its wall. Classic methods like acid-fast staining or Ziehl-Neelsen staining are used for the diagnosis. Nucleic acid amplification techniques such as PCR are very useful in the rapid diagnosis of infections by M. tuberculosis but the sensitivity...
March 2012
The important clitoral isolated bacteria of Iranian problem mares
In this study, in order to determine the importance of clitoral isolated bacteria in problem mares and their correlation with the kind of uterine infections, 41 pure or crossbred Iranian mares were selected and divided into two groups. Twenty pregnant mares were encountered as control and 21 barren and/or repeat breeder mares were selected as test group. Clitoral bacterial samples were collected from pregnant (control)...
March 2012
Screening of autochthonous Lactobacillus species from Algerian raw goats’ milk for the production of bacteriocin-like compounds against Staphylococcus aureus
Lactic acid bacteria play a key role in maintaining the balance of normal gastro-intestinal micro flora. Food contamination by Staphylococcus aureus is a major problem for consumer’s health in Algeria, especially during the summer period. The use of bacterial interactions is a new way to limit the pathogenic germs growth. Detection of antimicrobial substances produced by lactic acid bacteria against the...
March 2012
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from different parts of some Bupleurum L. species
The composition of the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation and microdistillation from different parts of Bupleurum croceum Fenzl, Bupleurum lancifolium Hornem.,Bupleurum intermedium Poiret, Bupleurum cappadocicum Boiss., Bupleurum gerardii All. and Bupleurum falcatum L. subsp. cernuum including flowers, fruits and roots were investigated...
March 2012
Isolation of the encoding gene for a thermostable α-glucosidase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus strain RM and its expression in Escherichia coli
High temperature catalysis increases substrate solubility and carbohydrate hydrolysis, therefore investigating new thermostable α-glucosidase is an attractive option. A total of seven isolates were obtained from two different hot spring locations in Malaysia, namely Telaga Air Hangat Langkawi and Slim River. Preliminary study on four selected isolates revealed that production media 1 (PM 1) and production media 2...
March 2012
Optimization of methyl orange decolorization by mono and mixed bacterial culture techniques using statistical designs
Acinetobacter baumannii, Corynebacterium sp., Cytophaga columnaris, Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas fluorescence and Pseudomonas luteola were locally isolated bacteria from sewage Disposal Lake at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and they can decolorize methyl orange (MO), except P. luteola. P. fluorescence was the most potent MO decolorizing and to a lesser extent A. baumannii....
March 2012
Bacterial community compositions in response to sediment properties in urban lakes of Nanjing
Compared to other lakes, urban lakes are often shallow, highly artificial and hypertrophic due to the higher level of public interface. Bacteria in lake sediment are important participators in the nutrient cyclings in lake ecosystems. In this study, bacterial community compositions in surface sediment of three urban lakes (Lake Xuanwu, Lake Yueya and Lake Pipa) of Nanjing were investigated by using the terminal...
March 2012
Effects of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA) and catalase on intracellular survival of Vibrio alginolyticus in macrophages of large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea
The intracellular survival of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in large yellow croaker macrophages of Pseudosciaena crocea was investigated. In addition, the effects of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA) and catalase on the interaction of V. alginolyticuswith macrophages from head kidney and on macrophages reactive nitrogen intermediate (RNI) and reactive oxygen...
March 2012
Evaluation of demographic, clinic and treatment features of patients and a cross-sectional survey of cyclosporiasis in patients with diarrhea in Southeastern Turkey
In this research, we aimed at reporting the results of a cross-sectional epidemiological scanning performed on an outbreak of cyclosporiasis, occurring in a family and patients' socio-demographic epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features, after detecting Cyclospora oocysts on stool sample of a person admitted to gastroenterology polyclinic. Scanning was performed in the neighborhood of...
March 2012
Toxoplasmosis: A relevant zoonotic food borne disease in tropical conditions
Infection of humans with the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii is very common all over the world. Humans become infected when exposed to infective copulated oocyst from cat feces or most commonly by consumption of meat containing tissue cysts. All domestic and wild animals are susceptible to become infected with T. gondii. When infected, they rarely develop clinical signs but become reservoirs of the...
March 2012
Molecular detection of metallo-β-lactamase genes blaVIM-1, blaVIM-2, blaIMP-1, blaIMP-2 and blaSPM-1 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from hospitalized patients in Markazi province by Duplex-PCR
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen which causes serious problems especially in people who have immunodeficiency. Recently, β-lactamase resistance in this bacterium has led some difficulties in treating bacterial infections. One of resistance mechanisms is production of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL). The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of imipenem-resistant P....
March 2012
Genetic polymorphism analysis of Leishmania tropica isolated from three endemic regions (Bam, Kermanshah and Mashhad) in Iran by PCR-RFLP technique and based on ITS1 sequences
Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is a parasitic disease caused by a single-celled parasitic protozoan Leishmania tropica with an overall prevalence of approximately 12 million cases worldwide. In Iran it is an increasing public health problem with an endemic focus in three regions of Bam, Kermanshah and Mashhad. This study was designed to characterize Leishmania spp. by polymerase chain...
March 2012
Optimization of glucose isomerase production by Streptomyces albaduncus
The effect of environmental factors on glucose isomerase productivity of Saudi Arabia isolated Streptomyces albaduncus was studied. During growth of the tested microorganism in the basal medium at 30°C, the glucose isomerase production reached the maximum level (6530 U/L) after 96 h incubation period. Irrespective of the carbon source, replacement of xylose with different carbohydrate did not increase the...
March 2012
In vitro synergistic activity of carbapenems in combination with other antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) is emerging as a major nosocomial pathogen worldwide. In recent years, the inadequacy of antimicrobial agents available to treat infections particularly in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) due to MDR-AB, has constrained clinicians and forced them to use combination therapies. In this study, in vitrosynergistic activities of imipenem and meropenem in...
March 2012
Passive immunization in infectious bursal disease virus infected birds using chemically purified immune yolk immunoglobulins (IgY)
Infectious bursal disease is one of the most important killer viral disease of poultry. This study was designed for potency testing of immunized yolk in infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus infected birds and to purify yolk immunoglobulin from egg yolk of immunized hens. Twenty commercial layers were raised in poultry shed of the University and were vaccinated with oil based killed Gumboro vaccine twice at an interval...
March 2012
Features of Staphylococcus lugdunensis isolated in western region of Turkey
Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a member of the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) which has clinical and laboratory characteristics that resemble those of Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequencies, microbiological characteristics and antibiotic susceptibilities of S. lugdunensis isolates. Forty-one (41) S. lugdunensis isolates, which were...
March 2012
Prevalence assessment of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) in bovine sub-clinical mastitis and their effect on somatic cell count (SCC) in Iranian dairy cows
The contagious pathogens causing mastitis were evaluated by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (M-PCR) in 4 quarters of the first, third, and fifth parities in industrial, semi-industrial, and traditional dairy cattle farms in Isfahan province, Iran. Prevalence of sub-clinical mastitis caused by contagious pathogens in industrial, semi-industrial and traditional farms was 13.4, 38.2 and 44.2%, respectively,...
March 2012
The effects of exercise program based on OMNI scale on metabolic syndrome criteria and C-reactive protein in males
With its multiple components, metabolic syndrome is a serious problem that adversely affects the quality of life. Exercise programs have proven to be quite effective alternatives to drug treatments with regard to preventive medicine. We investigated the effects of personal exercises that do not require a professional using physiological and biochemical parameters and OMNI scale. Adult males performed aerobic exercise...
March 2012
Survey of Yersinia enterocolitica contamination in distributed broiler meats in Tabriz City, Iran
Yersinia enterocolitica is one of the pathogens of the intestine, which is transmitted to humans through water and food materials, especially contaminated meats and dairy products. The infected meats have no apparent symptoms of putrefaction and eating of such meats in raw or undercooked forms can lead to gastroenteritis, dysentery, mesenteric lymphadenitis, or even death. The aim of this research is to survey the...
March 2012
Compare HBsAg cutoff index values of borderline or initially weakly reactive samples with neutralization results for electrochemiluminescence immunoassay in China
To set up arbitrary cutoff values and to determine whether arbitrary cutoff values can be predictive of confirmed positive results by compare cutoff index (COI) values of the borderline or initially reactive samples (0.9≤COI<7.0) with HBsAg confirmation test. 238 HBsAg borderline or initially reactive sera or plasma with 0.9≤COI<7.0 were collected from the clinical patients in West China...
March 2012
Bacterial profile and drug susceptibility pattern of urinary tract infection in pregnant women with ureteral stones and hydronephrosis
The aim of this study is to identify bacterial agents and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns isolated from pregnant women with symptomatic ureterolithiasis. Seventeen patients who had proven ureteral stones, positive urine cultures and underwent intervention for ureterolithiasis treatment between January, 2008 to December, 2011 were included in this study. Bacteriuria was defined as accounts of 105 cfu/ml in...
March 2012
Molecular identification of probiotics lactobacillus strain isolates by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA)
In recent years, interest in the probiotic lactobacilli has been stimulated by the use of these bacteria in products that are claimed to confer health benefits on the consumer. The objective of this study is to characterize probiotic Lactobacillus sp isolated from fermented millet drink, fresh milk and raw cow milk. All isolates are screened for their probiotic potential activities, including biochemical...
March 2012
Growth of mycelium of three ectomycorrhizal macrofungi, Infundibulicybe geotropa, Tricholoma anatolicum and Lactarius deliciosus in culture media containing various carbon sources
A comparative evaluation was conducted to assess the effects of different carbon sources on the mycelial growth of three species of ectomycorrhizal macrofungi;Infundibulicybe geotropa (Bull.) Harmaja, Tricholoma anatolicum H.H. DoÄŸan & Intini andLactarius deliciosus (L.) Gray. All carbon sources were found to be equally beneficial for mycelial growth. However, sucrose, glucose and arabinose...
March 2012
Leptin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and malondialdehyde concentrations in elite adolescent soccer players and physically active adolescents
Leptin is the product of the ob gene and circulates as a 16 kDa protein hormone. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is known to be a sensitive marker of inflammation and cardiovascular risk factor and malondialdehyde (MDA) is a direct marker of oxidative stress and naturally occurring product of lipid peroxidation. The resting serum leptin, hs-CRP and MDA levels of elite adolescent soccer players and...
March 2012
Detection of live/dead Staphylococcus aureus cells based on CdSe quantum dots and propidium iodide fluorescent labeling
A method of detecting live/dead Staphylococcus aureus cells was developed based on CdSe quantum dots-immunoglobulin G and propidium iodide fluorescent labeling. CdSe quantum dots were synthesized and surface-modified with immunoglobulin G and subsequently subjected to label S. aureus. The live S. aureus cells were stained by CdSe QDs-IgG using S. aureus protein A as target. The...
March 2012
Low diversity diazotrophic of culturable Burkholderia species associated with sorghum
Sorghum is an important crop around the World. Burkholderia genus has emerged as an important plant associated bacteria in the last years. However, it is important to understand these processes and how they took place in the environment. In this study, we evaluated the occurrence of Burkholderia species associated with five varieties of sorghum cultivated in different places of...
March 2012
Identification and bio-corrosion behavior of Thermoanaerobacter CF1, a thiosulfate reducing bacterium isolated from Dagang oil field
A slightly curved rod strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium was isolated from Dagang oil field, China. Its fundamental physiology and bio-corrosion characteristic were characterized. The growth of strain CF1 occurred at 45 to 78°C (optimum 60°C), pH 5.0 to 9.5 (optimum 7.1). The doubling time under optimal conditions was 45 min. Substrates that could be used included D-cellobiose, fructose,...
March 2012
A prospective surveillance of surgical site infections: Study for efficacy of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis
To estimate the incidence and risk factors of surgical site infections, to determine theantimicrobial susceptibility pattern among the organisms isolated and to assess the ability of our protocol for preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infections (SSI), a prospective SSI surveillance in Cairo University hospital using the criteria of the Centers for Disease Control of elective...
March 2012
Antifungal activity of lemon balm and sage essential oils on the growth of ochratoxigenic Penicillium verrucosum
In this study, the chemical compositions of essential oils (EOs) from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) and sage (Salvia officinalis) were determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method, indicating that 1,2-propanediol (31.26%) and α-thujone (24.92%) were the major components in lemon balm and sage, respectively. In addition, antifungal effects of these EOs against...
March 2012
An experimental live vaccine trial against contagious caprine pleuropneumonia
Live attenuated Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) vaccine prepared from local isolate at the National Veterinary Institute (NVI), Ethiopia, was injected to 56 contagious caprine pleuropneumonia unexposed goats with the aim of determining level of seroconversion and safety compared to a killed commercial vaccine, produced by the NVI. The 56 goats were randomly allocated into three...
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