July 2011
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and heavy metal contaminated soils
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associations are integral, functioning parts of plant roots and are widely recognized as enhancing plant growth on severely disturbed sites, including those contaminated with heavy metals (HMs). They are reported to be present on the roots of plants growing on HM-contaminated soils and play an important role in metal tolerance and accumulation. Isolation of the indigenous and...
July 2011
Fungal sinusitis in immunocompromised hosts
The term “immunocompromised host” is generally applied to a variety of patients with various immune defects. Invasive rhinosinusitis is defined by the presence of local inflammation, with vascular and osseous necrosis with extensive soft tissue extension, and occurs almost exclusively in immunocompromised patients. Fungi have been increasingly recognized as important pathogens in severe acute and...
July 2011
Investigation of lactobacilli from mother’s breast milk who were placed on probiotic diet
Human milk contains a group of bacteria with potential to be used as probiotics but the origin of these bacteria is debated. This study was aimed to identify and isolate lactobacilli in breast milk and investigate the role of consuming probiotic supplements on the lactobacilli microflora of breast milk. Ten out of twenty mothers were placed on the probiotic diet and the others were considered as controls. The...
July 2011
Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) fingerprinting reveals intra-serotype variations among circulating Listeria monocytogenes strains
Forty-five presumptive Listeria monocytogenes isolates were confirmed by multiplexpolymerase chain reaction (PCR) and characterized for antimicrobial susceptibility and tolerance to commonly used disinfectants. Isolates were also serotyped by PCR and characterized by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus ERIC-PCR fingerprinting. All of the isolates showed PCR products of 938 bp (genus) and...
July 2011
Identification and partial characterization of antifungal and antibacterial activities of two Bacillus sp. strains isolated from salt soil in Tunisia
Two Bacillus sp. strains (B29 and B27) isolated from soil in the South of Tunisia were tested for their abilities to produce antimicrobial compounds. Both strains showed antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungi. The produced compounds were extracted by using four different solvents. The hexane solvent allowed to obtain maximum of activity of the strain B29. The...
July 2011
Microbiological changes in Lighvan cheese throughout its manufacture and ripening
The aim of this research was to monitor the microbiological changes throughout the manufacture and ripening of Lighvan cheese. In summer 2009, ten independent batches of cheese were manufactured by experienced workers without any intervention by the researcher. Duplicate samples of raw milk, coagulum and 0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days old cheese were analyzed. The main groups, such as mesophilic Lactococci,...
July 2011
Nasal carriage and methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in patients and hospital staff in a tertiary referral center setting
The prevalence of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were studied from June 2006 – 2007 among in-patients and hospital staff in a tertiary referral center setting in Ankara, Turkey. Methicillin resistance was evaluated by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Of 438 people, 106 (24.2%) were nasal carriers of S. aureus. The prevalence of...
July 2011
Screening and production of antibacterial compound from Trichoderma spp. against human-pathogenic bacteria
This study focus on the production of antibacterial compound from Trichoderma spp. Screening of antibacterial activities in some Trichoderma spp. was investigated using CYS80 medium. Trichoderma reesei and Trichoderma viride were highly effective toward human-pathogenic bacteria tested. T. viride and T. reesei were separately applied on Sephacryl...
July 2011
Street foods: Handling, hygiene and client expectations in a World Heritage Site Town, Cape Coast, Ghana
Handling, vending and hygienic quality of street foods available to local residents, internal and foreign tourists to Cape Coast, the most important tourism hub in Ghana, were investigated. Questionnaires assessed stakeholder commitment to and expectations of food hygiene. Laboratory analysis evaluated microbial contamination levels of the street foods. Patronised by both local residents and tourists, foreign tourists...
July 2011
Isolation and identification of N-acylhomoserin lactone degrading bacteria from potato rhizosphere
In many Gram-negative bacteria, including a number of pathogens such asPectobacterium carotovorum, virulence factor production and many functions are linked to the quorum sensing (QS) systems that use diffusible N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as intercellular messenger molecules. A number of organisms also contain genes that hydrolyze AHLs into inactive products, thereby blocking the quorum-sensing systems. In...
July 2011
Prokaryotic expression and purification of grass carp reovirus capsid protein VP7 and its vaccine potential
The 11 dsRNA fragmental genome of grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is enclosed in five inner core proteins and two outer capsid proteins. The Glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein expression vector pGEX-4T-3 was employed to clone and expression of GCRV outer capsid gene vp7, which was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT - PCR) from infected Grass carp. The recombinant GST-fusion...
July 2011
Statistical optimization of cultural conditions for chitinase production from shrimp shellfish waste by Alternaria alternata
Alternaria alternata, a local isolate from fishery polluted soil, was used successfully for the biodegradation of shrimp shellfish waste in favor of the production of highly active chitinase enzyme. Chitinase production was noticeably influenced by the culture medium and the highest enzyme production was attained through the log growth phase (96 h). Pronounced increase in chitinase production was concomitant with...
July 2011
Management of ufra disease of rice caused by Ditylenchus angustus with nematicides and resistance
The effects of nematicide application timing and type on the management of ufra disease of rice caused by Ditylenchus angustus were investigated in the rain-fed and irrigated rice ecosystems. A broad range of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes were also screened for resistance to D. angustus. Ufra infestation was significantly reduced when 1 kg ai/ha furadan 5G was applied up to 20 d before...
July 2011
Detection of Mycoplasma agalactiae by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods from Iranian goats
Mycoplasma agalactiae is the etiological agent of contagious agalactia that is a serious disease affecting sheep and goats. It is characterized by mastitis and subsequent failure of milk production, arthritis and keratoconjunctivitis. The aim of the study was to detection of M. agalactiae by culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods from infected Iranian goats. For detection, a total...
July 2011
Biodegradation of swainsonine by five types of plasmid-transformants from genomic library of Arthrobacter sp. HW08
The aim of this study is to analyze the ability of swainsonine (SW) biodegradation by five types of transformants from the genomic library of Arthrobacter sp. HW08, explore preliminarily metabolites and deduce the metabolic pathway. Using 1000 mg·l-1 SW as the sole carbon source, MSM containing five transformants at a proportion for 1:1(V:V) was incubated at 30°C, 180 r·min-1. The...
July 2011
Seroprevalence of caprine brucellosis and associated risk factors in South Omo Zone of Southern Ethiopia
A cross - sectional study was conducted in Hammer and Dasenech Districts of South Omo Zone to determine seroprevalence of caprine brucellosis and its potential risk factors. Simple random sampling method was used to select 384 adult goats with no previous history of vaccination against brucellosis in the two districts. Modified Rose Bengal Plate Test (mRBPT) and complement fixation test (CFT) were used as screening...
July 2011
Screening and evaluation of antiphytopathogenic activity of endophytic fungi from live foliages of Ginkgo biobla L.
Twenty-four strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from 50 fresh leaves samples ofGinkgo biobla L collected using the cultivation-dependent method from the campus of Anhui agricultural university in Hefei of China. Out of 24 endophytes investigated, 12 strains can produce in vitro substances that are inhibitory to all or a few of tested phytopathogens whereas the rest yielded nothing active,...
July 2011
Staphylococci and other selected microbiota associated with indigenous traditional beer
The nature and origin of indigenous traditional beer, makes it is prone to spoilage by a variety of microbiota in particular post-fermentation. In this study, samples of commercially and homebrewed indigenous traditional beer were collected using sterile sampling Whirl-pak® bags from local informal brewers in typical marginal urban settlements of South Africa. Both commercially and homebrewed...
July 2011
Molecular detection of Vibrio spp. in lobster hemolymph
The occurrence of various Vibrio species in lobster hemolymph from the Persian Gulf was studied. A total number of 60 lobsters (Panulirus homarus) were caught from south coast of Iran and were studied to identify Vibrio spp. in hemolymph. Four Vibrio species includingVibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio harveyi and Vibrio mimicus were identified using...
July 2011
Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities and oxidant status in patients with brucellosis
The aim of this study was to the investigate the effect of brucellosis infection on paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and oxidative status in patients with brucellosis. Sixty patients with brucellosis (47 acute, 13 subacute) and the 67 healthy controls were used in the study. Serum PON1 and arylesterase activities, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total free...
July 2011
Antibiotic resistance of some lactobacilli isolated from the gut microflora of broiler
To evaluate the impact of the antibiotic use in poultry and the development of the resistance in the gut microflora of broiler. Microbiological methods were used to investigate the susceptibility of ten lactobacilli stains isolated from digestive tract of broiler. The isolates were tested against the ten most used antibiotics in veterinary and human medicine in Algeria. The isolates exhibited high resistance to all...
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