African Journal of
Pharmacy and Pharmacology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0816
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJPP
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 2284

Full Length Research Paper

Acquaintance of Botox: A cross-sectional survey among female students in Karachi, Pakistan

Shahlla Imam
  • Shahlla Imam
  • Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi – Sindh-Pakistan.
  • Google Scholar
Wajiha Iffat
  • Wajiha Iffat
  • Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi – Sindh-Pakistan.
  • Google Scholar
Sadia Shakeel
  • Sadia Shakeel
  • Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi – Sindh-Pakistan.
  • Google Scholar
Ambreen Qamar
  • Ambreen Qamar
  • Department of Physiology, Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Pakistan.
  • Google Scholar
Najaf Usman
  • Najaf Usman
  • Faculty of Pharmacy, Jinnah University for Women, Karachi Pakistan.
  • Google Scholar
Nuzhat Sultana
  • Nuzhat Sultana
  • Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan.
  • Google Scholar
Faisal Muhammad Khan
  • Faisal Muhammad Khan
  • Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi – Sindh-Pakistan.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 07 June 2019
  •  Accepted: 15 October 2019
  •  Published: 30 November 2019

References

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Archana MS (2016).Toxin yet not toxic: Botulinum toxin in dentistry. The Saudi Dental Journal 28(2):63-69. 
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Awan KH (2017). The therapeutic usage of botulinum toxin (Botox) in non-cosmetic head and neck conditions-An evidence based review. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 25(1):18-24. 
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Batisti JPM, Kleinfelder ADF, Galli NB, Moro A, Munhoz RP, Teive HAG. (2017). Treatment of hemifacial spasm with botulinum toxin type A: effective, long lasting and well tolerated. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 75(2):87-91. 
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Dayan SH, Newberry CI, Cerrati EW, Ashourian N (2018). Complications of Botulinum Toxin A: A Comprehensive Review. Scholarly Journal of Otolaryngology 1(1):13-20.
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Kattimani V, Tiwari RV, Gufran K, Wasan B, Shilpa PH, Khader AA. (2019). Botulinum toxin application in facial esthetics and recent treatment indications (2013-2018). Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry 9(2):99-105.
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Kwolek MS, Block JE (2019). Maximizing botulinum toxin injections for cosmetic and therapeutic applications with a single use, disposable, exact dose injection assist Device. Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology 12:35-46. 
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Lee M, Lee M (2016). Body Satisfaction and Attitudes toward Cosmetic Surgical vs. Nonsurgical Procedures. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 6(10):34-39.

 

Mya NK, Tat YB, Yeoh BS, Tin W, Aung T, Hayati F (2019). Botox: The Deadly Beauty. Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 7:13-17. 
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Ng JH, Yeak S, Phoon N, Lo S (2014). Cosmetic procedures among youths: a survey of junior college and medical students in Singapore. Singapore Medical Journal 55(8):422-426.
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Satriyasa BK (2019). Botulinum toxin (Botox) A for reducing the appearance of facial wrinkles: a literature review of clinical use and pharmacological aspect. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology 12:223-228.
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Sundaram H, Signorini M, Liew S, Trindade de Almeida AR, Wu Y, Braz AV, Fagien S, Goodman GJ, Monheit G, Raspaldo H (2016). Global aesthetics consensus: botulinum toxin type A-evidence-based review, emerging concepts, and consensus recommendations for aesthetic use, including updates on complications. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 137(3):518-529.
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Yiannakopoulou E (2015). Serious and long-term adverse events associated with the therapeutic and cosmetic use of botulinum toxin. Pharmacology 95(2):65-69.
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