Traditional medicinal plants and rheumatoid
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Rheumatoid arthritis is an immune system disorder that considered a prevalent condition that shows considerable challenges to healthcare systems worldwide. The present review article introduces the use of medicinal plants to treat rheumatoid arthritis and immune system disorders around the world. With the spotlight on ethno-pharmacological insights. The present review article highlighted a noteworthy reliance on...
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Hypertension has become a common phenomenon. Primary factors are fast going life and tensions to keep pace with it. All these factors accounts towards heavy Antihypertensive drugs usage worldwide. The excess intake of these drugs may cause many abnormalities. Methyldopa is an antihypertensive drug, and shows strong interaction with metals. Interactions of methyldopa with some biologically important metals i.e. iron,...
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Cinnamomum verum, also known as true cinnamon, is a traditional herbal remedy prized for its fragrant bark and leaves, which are used in cooking and medicine. It’s essential oil, which contains cinnamaldehyde, has strong antibacterial properties and is effective against food deterioration microorganisms. Cinnamon is widely utilized in the culinary world, particularly in cereals and fruit dishes, and it includes...
Pharmacists’ awareness and practices regarding counterfeit medicines in Aksum, Ethiopia
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Pharmacists’ awareness is essential to fight the distribution of counterfeit medicines. Counterfeit medicines have serious public health impact on the treatment outcome. The study was aimed to assess pharmacists’ awareness and practices regarding counterfeit medicines in Aksum, Ethiopia. A total of 41 pharmacists were participated in this study. The study was conducted using cross sectional study design in Aksum, Ethiopia...
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Cymbopogon citratus (CC) and Citrus medica (CM) are plants consumed in Cameroon in the form of herbal tea for the prevention and treatment of various conditions including cancers. To provide scientific proof of the suggested anticancer effect of these plants, the genotoxic and anticancer effects of the aqueous extracts of these plants were studied respectively on the germ cells of locusts (Zonocerus variegatus) and on the...
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Waltheria indica L. (Malvaceae) has been recognized in traditional medicine for various therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer and bronchorelaxant activities. This study aimed to investigate the relaxant effects of Waltheria indica extracts on rat tracheal smooth muscle and to explore the involvement of ?2-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors, calcium and potassium channels, nitric oxide...
Artificial intelligence in pharmacy: a catalyst for change and future innovations -a review
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The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) is significantly transforming clinical, community, and hospital pharmacy practices. This review categorizes AI applications into six stages: basic, intermediate, sophisticated, localized, multidisciplinary, and pervasive, reflecting their diverse impacts on pharmacy practice. At the basic stage, AI automates routine tasks such as data entry and prescription management....
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In recent years, cannabis-based products have ignited considerable attention, specifically from researchers, regulators and society, due to the reported and potential therapeutic applications and the change in the laws relating to cannabis use. Medicinal cannabis has a number of therapeutic applications, inclusive of, psychological conditions, pain management of dermatological conditions such as eczema, psoriasis and acne....
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Research outputs related to the therapeutic profile of cannabidiol (CBD) in the treatment of a myriad of conditions, have increased significantly. Subsequently, the legalisation, regulation, marketing and use of cannabidiol (CBD) topical products have gained the attention of researchers, society and policymakers. These products include oils, creams, capsules, tinctures and lotions which are easily accessible to the public....
Tolerance profile of therapeutics at the Abidjan cardiology institute (CÔTE D’IVOIRE)
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Introduction: Tolerance of treatments is an important factor in the compliance and quality of care in pathologies. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of adverse events observed in patients at the Abidjan Cardiology Institute (ACI). Methodology: This was a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study of 200 patients undergoing drug treatment for cardiovascular disease or another pathology, of...
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Limited sampling strategies (LSS) for estimating the area under the concentration time curve (AUC) of mycophenolic acid (MPA) in renal transplant children receiving concomitant tacrolimus have been developed, but not yet fully validated. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the predictive performance of previously published LSS of MPA in an independent paediatric population, and validate a reliable and...
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Globally, adverse drug reactions (ADR) are underreported, but more so in developing nations where fewer medical professionals participate. There is currently no literature on the knowledge of ADR reporting among pharmacy students in southeastern Nigeria. To determine pharmacy students' understanding and attitudes about pharmacovigilance and reporting of adverse drug reactions. The study was a cross-sectional study...
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While the existing literature extensively covers the topic of tacrolimus variability, it remains crucial to gather data that are tailored to the Tunisian population. Our primary goal was to assess the variability in tacrolimus bioavailability using the Cp(0)/weight dosage ratio in Tunisian kidney transplant patients. We also aimed to determine the correlations between blood trough level (Cp(0)) and the area under the...
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Diabetic ulcers are hard or unable to heal or heal without the restoration of the function. Piper betle L. is known as a valuable traditional medicine to cure open wounds through its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory capabilities and the stimulation of fibroblast proliferation. In addition, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are able to renew themselves and differentiate into many cell types when repairing the wounded...
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Biofilms infections are a huge concern in the medical field due to increased antibiotic resistance. Plants may be a potential solution because they possess a variety of phytochemicals that have several biological activities. They also act as antioxidants an important property in preventing biofilm formation in wounds. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant and antibiofilm potential of Ageratum conyzoides L, and...
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Previous studies have shown that leaves of Cassia siamea (Fabaceae) exhibited benefic effects in experimental diabetes models. This study aimed to investigate ?-Cells protective effects of ethanol extracts of the leaves of C. siamea (LECS). First, acute toxicity of LECS (2000 mg/kg/day/bw; po) in rats. In vitro, its antioxidant activity was evaluated on HUVECs culture. Second, acute hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic...
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This research was designed to study the potentials of Sesamum radiatum, a natural gum for use as a tablet binder in metronidazole tablet formulation by wet granulation method. The S. radiatum was extracted from the dried leaves weighing 500g, it was soaked in hot distilled water for 3 hours and extracted through a calico cloth. The solution obtained was precipitated with acetone in a ratio of 1:1, dried on a tray for 2...
Assessment of the in vivo acute toxicity of aqueous extracts of artavol® antimalaria herbal tea
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Acute toxicity, is one of the important tests conducted for the initial determination of the safety of products and is the effects of single or multiples doses of a product administered to animals or taken by humans within a 24-hour period. It is one important test required for the initial determination of the toxic characteristic of a product destined for use in humans, animals, and in Agriculture. Many herbal Medicinal...
Quality Assessment of Generic Brands of Enrofloxacin Available on the Ugandan Market
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Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity and is widely used for the treatment of various bacterial infections in animals and poultry worldwide. This study intended to evaluate the quality of enrofloxacin brands available in the Ugandan market. Two batches of eight different brands of enrofloxacin were purchased from veterinary pharmacies in Kampala and Mbarara cities. Standard physical and...
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The most effective strategy for combating antibiotic resistance is rational antibiotic prescribing. The percentage use of antibiotics has been used as a key indicator to determine whether the use of antibiotics is appropriate or not in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to assess the use of antibiotics in paediatric inpatients treated at Felege- Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital. To assess antimicrobial...
Characterisation and analysis of prepared fluconazole nanogel for treating seborrheic dermatitis
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This study aims to demonstrate antifungal activity and in-vitro analysis of fluconazole nanogel with different polymer concentration for seborrheic dermatitis The class of antifungal drug- Fluconazole was used to formulate the nanogel with different concentrations of polymers. The prepared batches of nanogel were analyzed for its antifungal activity, ex-vivo skin permeation study, and skin thickness study. The animals are...
Anti-aging herbal cream – a review
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In this review, we discuss the plants which having anti-aging, antioxidant properties. With the use following we can prepare a herbal anti-aging cream which use to treat skin conditions such as hyper pigmentation, ageing, dry skin, wrinkles, and discoloration. A large number of antioxidants, these are the substance that help to protect the skin’s surface from oxidative damaged by free radicals. Different types of...
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A drug related problem is an event or circumstance involving drug therapy that actually or potentially interferes with desired health outcomes. To assess, classify and identify drug related problems among heart failure patients admitted to the medical ward of the Ambo University Referral Hospital. This prospective study included 124 eligible heart failure patients consecutively admitted to the Ambo University Referral...
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The leaves of Crossepteryx febrifuga (Euphorbiaceae) are commonly used in the Republic of Congo in traditional medicine as a laxative. The present study aims to justify the traditional use of Crossopteryx febrifuga in the treatment of constipation. The acute toxicity of the aqueous extract was evaluated at the doses of 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg in mice accordance the OECD, (2001) guideline no. 423. The laxative activity of...
Antiviral compounds from Jatropha curcas seed extract with anti-HIV-1 and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 action
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Although there are studies dealing with the medicinal properties of Jatropha curcas, the scope of its antiviral potential is still quite limited, a fact that, associated with the current challenges posed by HIV-AIDS and COVID-19, reinforce the need to expand the supply. Knowledge about the antiviral resources available to it. In this context and in the search for natural products with anti-HIV-1 and anti-SARS-CoV-2...
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The high availability of expired medicines is not only a burden to the healthcare system but also indicates the existence of a supply chain gap. To determine the prevalence of expired drugs, contributing factors and disposal practices in the selected public healthcare facilities in the South Gondar Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. This was a mixed-method study design, in which the quantitative component preceded the...
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A recent experimental study was conducted in a pharmacology laboratory in Abidjan on the immunomodulatory activity of a plant remedy. The dose of cyclophosphamide used to depress the rats in the study at the beginning of the experiment did not give the expected results. The objective of this work was to determine the optimal dose of immunosuppressive cyclophosphamide in wistar rats raised in this laboratory. This was an...
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The prevalence of various gastric diseases is poorly documented around the world, particularly in Africa and more specifically in Cameroon. Their treatment till today remains an important subject of study. Nauclea pobeguinii is a plant in the Rubiaceae family and is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat illnesses such as fever, gastric ulcer, arthritis, and pain. The present research established the...
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Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health problem in both hospital and community acquired infections. This study assessed knowledge, attitudes and perceptions on antimicrobial resistance among human health workers and veterinarians in Ouagadougou. A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was applied among medical health and veterinary structures in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso on February 2020...
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Anthracyclines are used in the standard treatment protocols for solid and hematological cancers. Despite their extensive usage, they cause cardiac toxicities. These toxicities require prompt management to reduce the risk of their complications. To investigate the determinants and management strategies of anthracyclines induced cardiotoxicities in adult patients with cancer at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH). A...
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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 serological tests present a major role in the estimation of the prevalence of Covid-19. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of Covid-19 among staff of University Hospital (EHUO) of Oran (Algeria). The study took place between December 2020 and January 2021 in the pharmacovigilance department, in collaboration with the occupational medicine department of the EHU of Oran, a Serological analysis by...
Medicinal Plants of Solanum Species: Promising sources of phyto-insecticidal compounds
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Many insects including mosquitoes are important vectors of deadly pathogens and parasites, which in the world’s growing human and animal populations can cause serious epidemics and pandemics. Plants provide a large library of phytochemicals, which can be used to replace chemically synthesized insecticides, and utilization of herbal product-based insecticides is one of the best and safest alternatives for mosquito control....
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Background: Fadogia cienkowskiiis claimed to ethnomedicinally cure general body debility, inflammation, liver diseases, oxidative stress-related diseases, diarrhoea, fever, and other ailments. Aim and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the sub-fractions of Fadogia cienkowskii leaves. The bioactive constituents present in the ethanol extract of...
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To explore the protective mechanism of Jianpi Mixture on diarrhea-predominant-irritable bowel syndrome mice. Methods. To observe the intestinal protection of Jianpi Mixture on intestinal tract of diarrhea-irritable bowel syndrome mouse model. The method for the content determination of serum immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, IgM, interleukins and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF?) was ELISA. The mRNA levels of IL-1?, IL-6 and...
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The availability of substandard and falsified medicines in the market grants a serious public health problem and a significant impact on the national economy. Current estimate suggests 10% of prescription drugs sold worldwide are substandard, fake or contaminated, and in parts of Africa and Asia, the figures exceed 50%. Professionals' awareness towards falsified medicines is a major problem that could lead to...
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Leukemia is the most common cancer in children, accounting for a prominent percentage of cancer-related death in that age-group. It is therefore very important to prevent and treat this cancer. In this study, the anticancer effects of 6 different parts of 4 selected species of medicinal plants in Nigerian, especially those grown in South-Western and South-Eastern regions, were investigated on Human leukemic-HL-60 cell line...
Characterization of Nanoparticle-encapsulation of β-carotene Isolated from Daucus carota
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β-carotene is a potent lipophilic nutraceutical which has low bioaccessibility and bioavailability caused by poor water solubility, stability, sensitivity to light, temperature and pH. Nano-encapsulation can protect it from degradation and retain a compound's functional property. The aim of this study is to characterize the β-carotene from Daucus carota root which is nano-encapsulated with the chitosan matrix with TPP....
Post-Market Surveillance of Three Brands of Ibuprofen 400 mg Tablets in Gaborone, Botswana
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The supply of sub-standard pharmaceutical products is on the rise. This imposes a greater challenge to health, and hence the need to constantly investigate the quality of medicines to check compliance with international official standards; surveillance. The purpose of the study was to compare three distinct brands of commercially available Ibuprofen 400 mg tablets in Gaborone, Botswana to elucidate compliance through...
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Propolis is a resinous plant material collected by bees to defend their colony. Unlike temperate propolis which is well studied, tropical propolis, particularly from Eastern Africa, remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Ugandan propolis were evaluated in relation to three bee-keeping agro-ecological zones of the country. Duplicate propolis samples from each...
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As general awareness for using herbal drugs in today’s health practice is increasing. The world is endorsing extraordinary increase in the consumption of herbal products. This increase in the demand has lead to consumers dissatisfaction dua to substandard products, making the herbal market risky. There is need to set standard that make evaluation of herbal drug in the formulation of high quality products. Present...
Medicinal importance of garlic and onions on autonomic nervous system
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Garlic and onion has been of medicinal value in the treatment of hypertension and it also use by people who wanted to loose weight. This research looks in to the effects of these bulbs on the entire nervous system, mechanism of action , complications of over use. This research highlights the chemistry of the active components in ,these bulbs and it role in regulating body's autonomic functions and other possible...
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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. In the gulf countries specially in Saudi Arabia Diabetes type 2 is becoming the highest in the world, affecting around 30% of adults. In fact, diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The management of diabetic dyslipidemia, a well-recognized and modifiable risk factor, is therefore a key factor in the...
Pharmacological activities of Ballota saxatilis Sieber ex C. Presl.: A short review
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The genera Ballota (Lamiaceae family) distributed mainly in the Mediterranean area, Middle East, and North Africa. From ancient times, various species of this genera are used in traditional medicine for their biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, anti-malaria, insecticidal, etc. Various phytochemical investigations identified a large number of flavonoids and other metabolites and...
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Kuyyu Hospital, North Shoa, Oromia region, Ethiopia
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Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary to achieve the best virological response, lower the risk of drug resistance, and reduce morbidity and mortality. High levels of adherence (> 95%) are required for ART to be effective for long term and to prevent the emergence of resistant viral strains. The objective of this study was to assess the adherence to ART among patients on ART at Kuyyu Hospital. A cross...
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The emergence and dissemination of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Gram-negative bacteria is worrisome as this poses a serious threat in patient management, especially among children and the elderly. The cardinal objective of this study was to determine the antibiogram and prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella species among paediatric patients in three different healthcare institutions in...
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The objective of the study was to design a fast-dissolving film of cetirizine hydrochloride (CTZHCl) by the solvent casting method using various film-forming polymers like Hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose (HPMC K4M), Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Sodium alginate (Na-alg). Six different formulations were designed by varying the concentration of film-forming polymer. Acquired formulations were subjected to various physicochemical,...
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Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a well-known and widely used fruit, which contains several interesting bioactive compounds and possess health-promoting properties. Seeing the importance of this fruit, it was essential to study its quality characteristics. Hence, in the current study, we assessed total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of different plant parts (leaves, rind and arils) of two...
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Epilepsy, once thought to be a disease of evil spirit, is now believed by many as a common neurologic condition that can be effectively treated by optimal use of anti seizure drugs. Despite the availability of multiple and cost effective medications, people with epilepsy could experience episodes of seizures. Aim of the present study was to assess the treatment outcome and associated factors among adult epileptic patients...
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Some Malaysian plants were extracted using 80% methanol and screened for antioxidant and toxicity effects on human neuroblastomacells line (SH-SY5Y cells) and zebrafish(Daniorerio) embryos. Antioxidant assay shows high activities with of IC50 1–100 µg/mL with Melastoma malabathricum (leaf and stem), Murraya koenigii (leaf), Curcuma longa (leaf and rhizome), Ficus deltoidea (leaf), Phaleria macrocarpa (leaf) and Ginkgo...
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Base on the findings from the Research Institute Against Counterfeit drugs (RIACD) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Drugs (OECD), 700,000 cases of death are recorded per year due to malaria and tuberculosis counterfeit drugs. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), roadside drugs kill at least 100,000 people in Africa every year, 1/3 of these drugs are counterfeit. The objective of...
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