July 2013
Vancomycin as a risk factor for anaphylactoid reaction (Red Man Syndrome): Literature review
Vancomycin is the antibiotic of first choice for the treatment of methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. Its use is associated with adverse effects in children with a frequency of 5 -14% and in adults with 1.6 - 35%. Of these adverse effects to vancomycin, two kinds have been described. The first is anaphylactic immunologic or immediate hypersensitivity mediated by immunoglobulin type E (IgE)....
July 2013
An emergency response plan to control emerging infectious disease hazards in Taiwan’s Hospitals
This study is a proposal for a framework for an emergency response plan (ERP) to tackle emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in order to reduce possible hazards to medical personnel. This ERP was formulated and amended based on the PDRA-Cycle mechanism, which was developed from Deming’s PDCA Management Cycle (1986). A total of 11 emergency response management items were drawn up using document...
July 2013
A survey of the antibacterial activity of three plants used in the Congolese herbal medicine practiced by the healers in the city of Lubumbashi
In order to promote Congolese folk medicine, which has been proven to be a viable alternative for our population confronted with health problems due especially to the lack of easy access to primary care and considering the multiplicity of diseases which daily torment them, a survey of the antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants used in herbal medicine by the healers in the city of...
July 2013
Antimicrobial activity of sequential extracts from leaves of Cassia nodosa bunch
The present study deals with the antimicrobial activity of the sequential extracts (petroleum ether, benzene, acetone, chloroform, ethanol, water, etc.) of the leaves of Cassia nodosacarried out against certain bacteria which are: Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and fungi including, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium...
July 2013
A preliminary study on the toxicity and novelty-induced behavioral effects of herbal medicine (Mama Decoction®) in rats
Mama decoction (MD) is a commonly used formulated herbal product in Nigeria for the management of malaria; no study on its central and possible toxicological effects have been investigated, hence this study. MD was administered orally to rats at 143, 286, and 572 mg/kg daily for 30 days. Novelty-induced behavior was observed and recorded on both day 1 and day 30 of administration. Furthermore,...
July 2013
Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the hexane extract from Hortia brasiliana Vand. leaves on experimental animal models
Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the hexane extract from Hortia brasilianaVand. leaves were investigated by experimental animal models. Guaiol (9.72%), nonacosane (25.57%) and eicosane (10.80%) were the most abundant components identified by GC/MS. The extract, with LD50 of 2.40 g/kg, reduced the number of abdominal contortions by 13.86 (100 mg/kg) and 18.51% (200 mg/kg). Doses of 100 and...
July 2013
Neuroprotective potential of Ocimum sanctum (Linn) leaf extract in monosodium glutamate induced excitotoxicity
The aim of this study was to investigate the potent neuroprotective property of ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum (EEOS) leaf (Holy basil, Family: Labiataea) against excitotoxicity induced neurodegeneration by using monosodium-L-glutamate (MSG) in Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals received EEOS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and memantine (MMT, 20 mg/kg) daily for 7 days. On all the 7 days, MSG (2g/kg, i.p.) was...
July 2013
Target propofol concentration required for laryngeal mask airway insertion after pretreatment with dexmedetomidine
The aim of this study was to determine the target-controlled concentration of propofol required for successful laryngeal mask airway (LMA) placement after dexmedetomidine pre-injection. Twenty ASA physical status I–II patients aged 20–60 years old, who were scheduled for general anesthesia, were studied. After receiving a loading dose of 1.0 μg/kg dexmedetomidine over 10 min, propofol was...
July 2013
Curcumin inhibits cell survival and migration by suppression of Notch-1 activity in prostate cancer cells
Previous studies have indicated that Notch-1 activity plays an essential role in prostate tumorigenesis. However, its underlying mechanism is not yet clear. In this study, Curcumin, a drug widely used in Ayurvedic medicine for its antimalarial and anti-inflammatory properties, was used to investigate its impact on cell survival, migration and Notch signaling status in prostate cancer cell lines. Our data show that...
July 2013
Melatonin changes tularemia progression in a BALB/c mouse model
Melatonin is a hormone with antioxidant properties. In the body, melatonin is involved in regulation of circadian biological rhythm. However, receptors for melatonin are expressed on disparate organs and they can be found on immune cells as well. The present experiment is focused on research whether melatonin would regulate pathogenesis caused by a model intracellular pathogen, Francisella tularensis. For this...
July 2013
Comparison of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the synthetic fungicide nimrod and the natural fungicide rhizo–N
The present study was carried out to compare the mutagenic effects of the synthetic fungicide nimrod and the natural fungicide rhizo-N (produced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis) on mitosis of Allium cepa cells. This study also concerned with the changes in seed protein profile after treatment with both pesticides using sodium dodecyl sulfate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)....
July 2013
Academic dishonesty among Nigeria pharmacy students: A comparison with United Kingdom
Professionalism and integrity are integral attributes of the pharmacy profession. This study was set out to determine the perceptions towards and actual indulgence in academic dishonesty among Nigerian Pharmacy students and to compare these with results obtained in the United Kingdom. Final year and third year pharmacy students of University of Nigeria (UNN) and Olabisi Onabanjo University (OOU), all in...
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