May 2009
Anti-diabetic properties of Tinospora cordifolia stem extracts on streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats
The oral administration of various extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) of Tinospora cordifolia stem (TCS) were found to have potent antidiabetic activity that reduces blood sugar level in streptozotocin-(STZ) induced diabetic rats. In this study, the chronic (100 days) antihyperglycemic effect of the extracts at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.w.p.d of TCS were investigated. Insulin was used as a...
May 2009
Saffron (Crocus sativus) increases gastric acid and pepsin secretions in rats: Role of nitric oxide (NO)
This study was designed to investigate the effects of saffron extract on gastric acid and pepsin secretion. In this study wistar rats (n = 8) were divided into 3 groups, N-L-Nitro-L- arginine methyl ester (LNAME) + saffron and control groups. In the saffron group 100 mg/kg saffron extract was administered orally for 5 days. In the LNAME + saffron group, 40 mg/kg LNAME was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before using...
May 2009
Bacteriological examination of some diluted disinfectants routinely used in the Specialist Hospital Yola, Nigeria
Five frequently used disinfectants in our hospital (Specialist Hospital, Yola, Nigeria) were analyzed for bacterial contamination and sensitivity to antibiotics. For each disinfectant, 20 different samples of stock and left-over diluted solutions were used for the analysis. All the stock undiluted samples were free from any bacterial growth. However, all the left-over disinfectant samples were found to have significant...
May 2009
The protective effect of quercetin, green tea or malt extracts against experimentally-induced lung fibrosis in rats
The possible protective potentials of quercetin (50 mg/kg, p.o.), green tea extract (1 mg/kg, p.o.) malt extract (625 mg/kg, p.o.) and deprenyl (10 mg/kg, i.p.) against paraquat (PQ)-induced lung injury in rats were examined. PQ was administered twice a week (20 mg/kg, i.p.) with or without daily pretreatment with any of the chosen agents for 3 successive weeks. Changes in the enzymatic activities of myeloperoxidase...
May 2009
Gentamicin and erythromycin modify post prandial glucose excursion in New Zealand rabbits
The influence of gentamicin and erythromycin on glucose excursion after oral glucose loads was evaluated in twelve New Zealand rabbits, weighting between 1278 and 1861 g. The rabbits were randomized into three equal groups and were given either 5 mg/kg of Gentamicin i.m., 50 mg/kg of Erythromycin per oral or 0.9% Saline. One hour later, all the rabbits were given 2.5 g/kg of glucose per oral in 5 mls of 0.9% saline....
May 2009
Effect of liquid disinfectant Morigad® on the growth patterns of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans
The antimicrobial properties of various use dilutions of Morigad® against some test and control strains of nosocomial infectious agents namely Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were investigated by measurement of viability of the organisms using turbidometric studies and various diluents (sterile tap water (STW), sterile deionized water (SDW) and 10% rabbit serum) and...
May 2009
Phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of crude extracts from the root, stem bark, and leaves of Terminalia glaucescens
The root, stem-bark and leaves of Terminalia glaucescens were investigated for activity against some pathogenic organisms. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, anthraquinones and phlobatannins (mostly in root and stem-bark). The results of in-vitro antimicrobial screening of the crude methanol extract exhibited a wide range of activity...
May 2009
Ethnophytotherapeutic information for the treatment of high blood pressure among the people of Ilugun, Ilugun area of Ogun State, south-west Nigeria
Ethnophytotherapeutic information includes the contribution of indigenous knowledge using plants to provide native remedies for varieties of ailment. In African, various species of plants are used in the traditional medicine for the cure of chronic cardio-vascular diseases, where hypertension is one of them. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain enthnomedical information on the treatment of high blood pressure...
May 2009
PAMAM-drug complex for delivering anticancer drug across blood-brain barrier in-vitro and in-vivo
The delivery of anticancer drugs to the brain is profoundly limited by blood-brain barrier (BBB)The purpose of this work is to develop a new carrier for doxorubicin to overcome the BBB. Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer, a novel nanoscopic high-branching polymer, was exploited as an efficient carrier of doxorubicin. The MTT assay showed that PAMAM (generation 3) had little cytotoxicity in brain capillary endothelial...
May 2009
Effect induced by hemisuccinate of pregnenolone on perfusion pressure and vascular resistance in isolated rat heart
Experimental studies suggest that pregnenolone can regulate blood pressure. Nevertheless, there is scarce information about the effects of pregnenolone and its derivatives at cardiovascular level. In addition, to date the cellular site and mechanism of action of pregnenolone at cardiovascular level is also unclear. In order, to clarify on those phenomena, we evaluated the effects of pregnenolone and hemisuccinate of...
May 2009
Dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect of silymarin in experimental animal model of chronic inflammation
Silymarin is a polyphenolic flavonoid derived from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) that has anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and anticarcinogenic effects. It has been used medicinally to treat liver disorders including acute and chronic viral hepatitis, toxin/drug induced hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease. The efficacy and dose-response effect of silymarin (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) were assessed...
May 2009
Study of Nigella sativa oil in the management of wheeze associated lower respiratory tract illness in children
Nigella sativa seeds and its oil had been widely used in traditional medicine (particularly in Unani Medicine) for a wide variety of illnesses including bronchial asthma in adults. The adjuvant effect of N. sativa oil in patients of bronchial asthma has already been reported but, no work had yet been done in very common disease of children called wheeze associated lower respiratory tract illness (wheeze...
May 2009
Anti-ulcerogenic properties of methanolic root extract of Piliostigma reticulatum (DC) Hoechst (Syn. Bauhinia reticulate DC) -Leguminosae in rats
Piliostigma reticulatum (DC) Hoechst (Syn. Bauhinia reticulate DC) -Leguminosae is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine against peptic ulcer. Effects of its methanolic root extract on basal gastric acid secretion and on ethanol and piroxicam-induced ulceration in rats were evaluated in this study. The methanolic extract evoked a dose-dependent decrease in gastric secretion and significantly (P <...
May 2009
Some basic requirements for preparing an antisickling herbal medicine -NIPRISAN®
NIPRISAN®, an antisickling phytomedicine for the management of sickle cell crises, was developed at the National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD) from a traditional medicine used among the Yoruba people of Nigeria, for the treatment of “abiku” or “ogbanje” – a condition characterized by high frequency of ill health, painful crises, jaundice and childhood...
May 2009
Isolation, characterization and compaction properties of Afzelia africana gum exudates in hydrochlorothiazide tablet formulations
Afzelia gum was obtained from the bark exudates of Afzelia africana plant, characterized and evaluated for its compaction properties in hydrochlorothiazide tablet formulations. Compressional properties of the formulations were analyzed using density measurements and the Heckel equation as assessment parameter. Formulations containing Afzelia gum as a binder show a slower onset and lower extent...
May 2009
The anti-inflammatory potential, heamatological and histological changes induced in rats due to the administration of methanolic extracts of Ficus thonningii leaves
This study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential,heamatological and histological changes induced in rats due to the administration of methanolic extracts of Ficus thonningii leaves. Fifteen wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 5 rats per group to measure the anti-inflammatory activity using the inhibition of carageenan-induced...
May 2009
Isolation, characterization and antibacterial activity of alkaloid from Datura metel Linn leaves
A new antibacterial agent 51,71 dimethyl 61– hydroxy 31, phenyl 3 ï¡ - amine ï¢ - yne sitosterol 1 has been isolated from Datura metel leaves. The structure of 1 was established using 13C, 1H NMR, IR and MS spectroscopic data. Compound 1 displayed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabis, Solmonella...
May 2009
Central nervous system depressant and analgesic activity of Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) parker leaf extract in mice
In the present study, we have investigated the possible CNS (Central Nervous System) depressant and analgesic action of the methanol extract ofAphanamixis polystachya leaf. Its CNS depressant activity was evaluated by using thiopental sodium-induced sleeping time, hole cross and open field tests. The analgesic activity was also investigated for its central and peripheral pharmacological actions using hot plate...
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