African Journal of
Political Science and International Relations

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Pol. Sci. Int. Relat.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0832
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJPSIR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 411

Full Length Research Paper

Protracted war amid Southern African Development Community (SADC) intervention in the Mozambique insurgency

Masuzgo Chikanje HARAWA
  • Masuzgo Chikanje HARAWA
  • 101 Infantry Brigade Headquarters, Malawi Defense Force, Malawi.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 31 October 2023
  •  Accepted: 12 April 2024
  •  Published: 30 April 2024

References

ADF (2024). The Second Battlefield: As an Insurgency Continues in Northern Mozambique, Soldiers Gain Ground through Civil-Military Operations. ADF.

View

 

Africa Center for Strategic Studies (2024). Mozambique: October 9. Africa Center for Strategic Studies.

View

 

Arreguin-Toft I (2001). How the Weak Win Wars: A Theory of Asymmetric Conflict. International Security 26(1):93-128.
Crossref

 

Badzy?ska K (2021). Private military companies and combating terrorism in Mozambique. Institute of New Europe.

View

 

BOPA (2022). SAMIM Troops Entitled to Three Allowances. Botswana Daily News.

View

 

Borrell J (2022). Helping fight terrorism in Mozambique also contributes to security in Europe. European Union External Action.

View

 

Buelhoff CD (n.d.). Why did Renamo sign the Rome Peace Accord in 1992 and how successful was it at establishing itself as a political party? King's College London, 1-10.

View

 

Buzan B, Wæver O (2003). Regions and powers: The structure of international security. Cambridge University Press.
Crossref

 

Cabo Delgado (2024). Mozambique: A Resource-Rich War Zone. Global Oil & Gas Exit List.

View

 

Cabrita JM (2000). Mozambique. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
Crossref

 

Campbell R (2022). South Africa main funder for SADC mission in Mozambique, which is protecting whole bloc. Engineering News.

View

 

Candland T, Finck A, Ingram HJ, Poole L, Vidino L, Weiss C (2021). The Islamic State in Congo. George Washington University, Program on Extremism.

View

 

Cannon BJ, Donelli F (2022). Rwanda's Military Deployments in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Neoclassical Realist Account. The International Spectator 58(1):109-127.
Crossref

 

Cheatham A, Long A, Sheehy TP (2022). Regional Security Support: A Vital First Step for Peace in Mozambique. United States Institute of Peace.

View

 

Clausewitz CV (1968). On War. Penguin.

 

Columbo E, Kurtzer J, Devermont J (2021). Mozambique: The Problem with Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) Designations [Centre for Strategic and International Studies].

View

 

Cook N (2022). Insurgency in Northern Mozambique: Nature and Responses. Congressional Research Service.

View

 

Dzinesa GA (2023). The Southern African Development Community's Mission in Mozambique (SAMIM): Policymaking and Effectiveness. Taylor and Francis 30(2):198-229.
Crossref

 

Estelle E, Darden JT (2021a). Assessing the Northern Mozambique Insurgency. Combating the Islamic State's Spread in Africa: Assessment and Recommendations for Mozambique. American Enterprise Institute.

View

 

Estelle E, Darden JT (2021b). Combating the Islamic State's Spread in Africa (Implications and Recommendations pp. 1-8). American Enterprise Institute.

View

 

Ewi M, Louw-Caudran L, Els W, Chelin R, Adam Y, Boerekamp ES (2022). Violent extremism in Mozambique: Drivers and links to transnational organized crime. Institute for Security Studies.

View

 

Fabricius P (2022). SANDF chief says regional force in Mozambique is winning. Daily Maverick.

View

 

Franco ACS, Aju MM (2022). Response to the Somali and Malian Jihadist Movements: What Lessons for Mozambique? Portuguese Journal of Political Science pp. 1-15.

 

Freeman M, Rothstein H (2011). Gangs and Guerrillas: Ideas from Counterinsurgency and Counterterrorism. Naval Postgraduate School.
Crossref

 

Gardner F (2021). Mozambique: Why IS is so hard to defeat in Mozambique. BBC News.

View

 

Global Terrorism Index (2020). Measuring the Impact of Terrorism (pp. 1-109). Institute for Economics & Peace.

View

 

Global Terrorism Index (2024). Measuring the Impact of Terrorism (pp. 1-84). Institute for Economics & Peace.

View

 

Hanlon J (2022a). Mozambique insurgency: Why 24 countries have sent troops. BBC News Africa. View

 

Hanlon J (2022b). Mozambique: Land Grab and Press Crackdown Point to Dubious Beliefs About War. All Africa.

View

 

International Crisis Group (2022). Winning Peace in Mozambique's embattled North. International Crisis Group.

View

 

Joint Chiefs of Staff (2010). Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms (As Amended through 15 February 2016). Joint Chiefs of Staff.

View

 

Kabede A (2022). Communique of the 1062nd meeting of the PSC held on 31 January 2022 on the Deployment of the Southern African Development Community Mission in Mozambique (SAMIM). African Union.

View

 

Kgosi SI (2021). Could SADC's Institutional Framework and Instruments for Peacekeeping have been Effective in Preventing the insurgency in Northern Mozambique? African Journal of Terrorism and Insurgency Research (AJoTIR) 2(2):37-76.

 

Lawal S (2021). Rwanda keeps the peace in Mozambique. Why? Christian Science Monitor.

View

 

Lusa (2022a). EU approves €15 million support for SAMIM, the SADC military mission in Mozambique. Club Mozambique.

View

 

Lusa. (2023). Mozambique: State paid €10.3M to 'ghost employees' in last seven years - official. Club of Mozambique.

View

 

Lusa/SADC (2022b). Mozambique: SADC approves interim extension of SAMIM mandate. Club of Mozambique.

View

 

Mapuva J, Muyengwa-Mapuva L (2014). The SADC regional bloc: What challenges and prospects for regional integration. Law, Democracy & Development 18:22-36.
Crossref

 

Martin G, Helfrich K (2022). SAMIM deployment extended and mandate altered. Defense Web.

View

 

Mlambo VH, Masuku M (2021). Terror at the front gate: Insurgency in Mozambique and its implications for the SADC and South Africa. Journal of Public Affairs 22:e2700.
Crossref

 

Moore RS (2007). The Basics of Counterinsurgency. Small Wars Journal 14:1-24.

 

Moshoeshoe ML, Dzinesa GA (2024). More Democracy, More Security? Regionalism and Political [In] Security in East and Southern Africa. Global Society pp. 1-26.
Crossref

 

Mugabi I (2021). SADC upset by Rwanda's military aid to appease Mozambique's Cabo Delgado province. Deutsche Welle.

View

 

Ndebele L (2021). These are the types of weapons used by insurgents in Mozambique. News24.

View

 

Nhamirre B (2023). Winning talk doesn't mean Mozambique's insurgency is over. Institute for Security Studies.

View

 

Ntaka B (2023). The Cabo Delgado insurgency: A symptom of governance failure in Mozambique. African Journal of Governance and Development 12(1):21-42.
Crossref

 

Regalia S (2017). The Resurgence of Conflict in Mozambique: Ghosts from the Past and Brakes to Peaceful Democracy 14:1-26.

 

SADC Mission in Mozambique (2022a). SAMIM supports FADM in its counterattack against terrorists in Matemo Island. Club of Mozambique.

View

 

Sinha N (2021). The Rising Terrorist Threat in Northern Mozambique. Vivekananda International Foundation.

View

 

Southern African Development Community (SADC) (2021). Member States. Southern African Development Community. Retrieved September 16, 2022, from:

View

 

Southern African Development Community (SADC) (2022b). SADC begins peace building support programme in northern Mozambique. Reliefweb.

View

 

Stanyard J, Nelson A, Ardé G, Rademeyer J (2022). Insurgency, Illicit Markets and Corruption. Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime.

View

 

Thamsanga D (2023). Peace and security challenges: sadc and mozambique conflict management. Journal of African Conflicts and Peace Studies 5(1):1-19.

 

Transparency International (2021). Corruption Perception Index. Transparency International: The Global Coalition against Corruption.

View

 

Ukhami E, Doumbia L (2021). Multinational Corporations, Trafficking of Small Arms and Intractable Conflicts in Africa. In The Palgrave Handbook of Small Arms and Conflicts in Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
Crossref

 

United Nations and World Bank (2018). Pathways for peace: Inclusive approaches to preventing violent conflict. World Bank Group.

 

Van Rentergem T (2022). Al-Shabab in Mozambique: Taking Stock of an Insurgency Under Cover. Egmont Institute.

View

 

Vines A (2020). Why the Insurgency in Northern Mozambique Has Got Worse. Chatham House.

View

 

Wiegink N (2015). It Will be Our Time to Eat': Former Renamo Combatants and Big-Man Dynamics in Central Mozambique. Journal of Southern African Studies 41(4):869-885.
Crossref

 

World Bank Group (n.d.). Worldwide Governance Indicators. World Bank DataBank. Retrieved September 13, 2022, from:

View