Abstract

Chromosome aberrations are considered alterations in the chromosome number or structure. They are mainly considered due to gametogenesis inborn error or during the zygote first cellular divisions. Among 4617 chromosomal studies performed during 19 years (from 1992 to 2011), at Hospital Para El Niño Poblano in México, 34.6% (1596 patients) had chromosomal alterations. Among these study populations, a male and a female pediatric patient were described, with 6;9 translocation and trisomy of chromosome 6, where chromosome changes are classified as structural or numeric alterations respectively, and a number of leukemias has been associated with specific chromosomal translocations. Both cases were described in this study analyzing their hematological, clinical features, medical treatments and prognosis.

Key words: Chromosome, karyotype, leukemia, numeric and structural chromosome changesa