Abstract

Self-efficacy and forgiveness are personal resources that individuals utilize to navigate challenging tasks, find meaning in life, and achieve inner peace. This study aimed to deepen our understanding of how self-efficacy and forgiveness serve as coping strategies for survivors of traumatic experiences of child labor. We conducted a qualitative phenomenological study to explore the various dimensions of forgiveness and self-efficacy in relation to the endurance of child labor. Purposive and criterion-based sampling strategies were employed to recruit eleven participants aged 30 to 53, who had experienced child labor for three to fifteen years. An in-depth interview protocol was developed, addressing participants’ experiences, incidents of child labor, challenges faced, and coping strategies employed. Thematic network analysis was utilized to develop thematic frameworks, organizing raw data into a coherent logical framework presented through a conceptual map. Data were triangulated with other sources, pseudonyms were used for participant protection, and validation was conducted through member checking. The analysis revealed that vicarious learning and self-belief were perceived as self-efficacy strategies, while understanding the roles of perpetrators and religiosity were identified as forgiving practices promoting survival and resiliency. The study's findings carry implications for counselors, religious leaders and NGOs.

Key words: Forgiveness, survival, self-efficacy, child labour, traumatic experiences, qualitative phenomenology.