International Journal of
Water Resources and Environmental Engineering

  • Abbreviation: Int. J. Water Res. Environ. Eng.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2141-6613
  • DOI: 10.5897/IJWREE
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 350

Full Length Research Paper

Study of double breakpoints during chlorination of River Yamuna water, Delhi, India

Lokesh Kumar
  • Lokesh Kumar
  • 120 MGD Water Treatment Plant, Water Works Wazirabad, Delhi Jal Board, Municipal Water Supply Department, Government of NCT Delhi, Delhi 110054, India.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Accepted: 04 June 2013
  •  Published: 31 July 2013

Abstract

 

A study on chlorination of raw Yamuna River water is reported in this study. Samples were chlorinated with increasing doses of standard chlorine water and residual chlorine (Cl2) was measured by Starch-Iodide method. For each sample, the chlorination curve (chlorine residual versus chlorine dose) was obtained. Curves showed the typical irregularity attributed to the formation and destruction of chloramines and transformation of toxic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) by chlorine. It was observed that, after reactions with strong reductants and chloramines forming compounds, the remaining organic matter exerted a certain demand of chlorine. The evolutions of chlorination curves were studied. Till date, study on breakpoint chlorination revealed only single breakpoint but, in present study single breakpoints during chlorination of raw waters were not established in many cases. Double breakpoints have been reported in this study. The evolutions of different breakpoint curves might be attributed to formation and destruction of numerous chemical disinfection by-products (DBPs) and biological bacteria/alga, due to variant pollution conditions of raw water.

 

Key words: Ammonia, breakpoint chlorination, cyanobacteria, chlorine, pollution, nitrite.