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This paper focus on assessment of water resources management and past works on water points development in pastoral area of southern Ethiopia. Five districts were selected purposively for this study. PRA and Semi-structured interview has been employed as a tool to gather information. Types of water source available and their trends of use, watering methods of livestock, water management of the community, the introduction...
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Sesame crop (Sesumum indicum L.) is one of the cash crops exported from Ethiopia that contributed to the country GDP (gross domestic product). The main objective of this study was to evaluate the economic water productivity (EWP) under full and deficit irrigated sesame crop in wereda Kafta-Humera, Tigrai-Ethiopia. Sesame crop production was particularly related to the summer (Kiremt rainfall). But due to a variation in...
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Hydraulic Performance Assessment of Mychew Small Scale Irrigation Scheme, North Ethiopia
Assessment of irrigation performances is very essential in taking different water management strategies. However, the performance of Mychew irrigation scheme was not assessed yet and hence, this research was undertaken to assess the hydraulic performance of Mychew small scale irrigation scheme. Moreover, identification of the cause and effect for mal-functionality of irrigation structures was also another objective of this...
Article in Press
Influence of bed roughness on near-bed turbulent flow characteristics
Influence of bed roughness on near-bed flow characteristics is of considerable importance, especially in turbulent flows over rough beds. This experimental study is devoted to insight various turbulent flow characteristics such as velocity distributions, Reynolds shear stresses (RSS) and velocity power spectra at the groove, lee and crest level of carrier fluid in an immobile gravel bed stream. Uniform round shape...
Article in Press
Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is useful for water management, calculating crop water requirements and irrigation scheduling. ETo was estimated from 5 empirical methods based on temperature, 5 based on solar radiation and on Machine Learning Technique (MLT). The MLT model consisted of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), with 6 architectures each one. The MLT and empirical methods were...
Article in Press
Climate change alters regional hydrologic conditions and results in a variety of impacts on water resource systems. Such hydrologic changes will affect almost every aspect of human well-being. The economy of Ethiopia mainly depends on agriculture; and this in turn largely depends on available water resources. The aim of this study is to assess the impacts of climate change on surface water availability of Upper Awash River...
Article in Press
Precise quantification of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is crucial for calculating crop water demand. Eight empirical methods based on temperature and six on solar radiation were evaluated against Penman-Monteith FAO 56 method based on: Mean Bias Error (MBE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Willmott coefficient (“d”), determination coefficient (R2) and the Student’s t-test. The meteorological data of Vilankulo district...
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Crop coefficients for Calendula officinalis L. have not been determined yet, although crop coefficients of many plants have been provided by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). C. officinalis L. is a medicinal plant used for manufacturing skin and beauty medication products. This study aimed to determine crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and single and dual crop coefficients (Kc) for C. officinalis L., in the...
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Surface water distribution among the provinces of Pakistan
The water resources sector is both the lifeline and the gear of development in Pakistan. The main source of water in Pakistan is the ‘Indus River System’. Under the ‘1960 Indus Basin Treaty’ with India, Pakistan was entitled to the flow of three western rivers (Indus, Jhelum and Chenab), with occasional spills from the eastern Rivers Sutlej and Ravi diverted upstream by India. The average annual inflows of the western and...
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Rural water supply sources, systems and systems performance in Nigeria
Access to potable water in rural communities in Nigeria is failing rather than rising. In this context, this paper investigates the landscape of rural water supply in Nigeria using reliable data collected across the six geo-political zones in the country. The data used were obtained through questionnaire surveys, field observations and from records in the national and states agencies responsible for public water supplies....
Article in Press
Ground water potential mapping for Suryanagara Watershed, Bangalore District, Karnataka State, India
The present work is an attempt to geographic information system (GIS)-based analysis in ground water potential zone identification in hard rock terrains. It is necessary to understand different types of landforms and their characteristics, igneous rock types, geological structures and how they evolved with respect to each other .hydrological characteristics and slope in order to demonstrate the integrated remote sensing...
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In this paper the main results from the implementation and interpretation of the geophysical survey using very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) method carried out in Capitol solid waste disposal site (Southern Nigeria) are presented. The objective of the study was to monitor the effect of suspected leachate contamination in Capitol solid waste disposal site. The survey comprised ten VLF-EM traverses in North-South...
Article in Press
Water in agricultural activities is important for satisfying increasing food demands of the ever-increasing population through irrigation practices which was considered as the main alternative for a sustainable agricultural production. A good quality of surface water has a positive effect on soil and agriculture. However, before using surface water for agricultural purpose, its quality should be tested and analyzed to...
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Kullu hydro clustor development in Himachal Pradesh: A vibrant development platform
Small hydro project development activity started in the hilly state in 1900's during the British Raj, while the Ruler Kings were responsible for wellbeing of their small kingdom. The young king of Chamba (HH Bhuri Singh) while returning from overseas study in UK returned with a hydro turbine of 630 KW for the hydroelectric power station. The transport facility and other disadvantages could not stop his entrepreneurial zeal...
Article in Press
The removal of benzene toluene, ethyl benzene and p-Xylene (BTEX) from aqueous solution using granular activated carbon (GAC) was investigated in the study. To determine the efficiency of GAC, the removal of BTEX by GAC was carried out in relation to contact time, adsorption dosage and pH. Comparative studies of batch and column setup and adsorption/desorption were done to determine its efficiency in respect to its...
Article in Press
Quantification of water balance using a lysimeter in Mexico
Under conditions of high pressure on water resources, it is essential to quantify the water balance. There are tools to perform the water balance, but unfortunately, they are expensive and hardly accessible in developing countries. The objective of this study was to quantify the water balance using a low-cost lysimeter (LCL). Rainfall was measured using rain gauge. Soil water content (SWC) and infiltration were measured...
Article in Press
The provision of adequate and good water quality in developing country is a major concern due to urbanization and rapid population growth. The study town Chuko is facing the problem of inadequate water supply and poor quality. The study was conducted with the objective to assess the information gap on the water supply and demand. To see the gap between supply and demand, basically population growth estimation and water...
Article in Press
In this research the effect of the electromagnetic field on the efficiency of the removal of the suspended solids from wastewater resulting from the biological treatment in Al-Rustamia treatment plant (Baghdad/ Iraq) was studied. Different parameters (flow rate, contact time, exposure distance, pH, temperature and electromagnetic field) were investigated that have an impact on the removal efficiency of the suspended solids...
Article in Press
Spatially distributed mapping of rainfall and evapotranspiration across Southeastern Nigeria
Spatial trends of rainfall and reference evapotranspiration (ETo) are crucial for crop water management and sustainable water resources management. Twenty-one years of climatic data were used to estimate ETo using FAO Penman Monteith method in Southeast Nigeria. Two spatial interpolation techniques, inverse distance weighting (IDW) and Kriging (K) in ArcGis were employed to distribute spatial monthly annual and seasonal...
Article in Press
Floodplain delineation in Dongola City-Northern Sudan using digital elevation model
Better understanding of the flood hazard phenomenon and its potential consequences in our society is crucial for the development of flood control polices, risk reduction projects, and other types of flood management strategies. This study focuses on how two different ArcHydro models used to predict the floodplain extent and assess the vulnerability of Dongola city that may affect the estimation of potential flood damage....
Article in Press
Hydrological model performance across altitudes, climates and catchment scales
Water resources management decisions are made based on information from predictive models that are capable of simulating the behaviour of hydrological systems. More of these models are in use today and it is becoming increasingly difficult to choose which model to use for particular space and time scales as well as climate. In addition, as a result of climate change there is an increase in the degree of randomness in...
Article in Press
Suitability of silica sand from Bukkuyum (Zamfara State) of Nigeria for waste water treatment
Industrial sand is used in filtration of drinking water, processing of wastewater and production of water from wells. Uniform grain shapes and grain size distributions produce efficient filtration bed operation to remove contaminants in both potable water and wastewater. This paper is aimed at finding out the suitability of silica sand from Bukkuyum Local Government Area of Zamfara State of Nigeria, as filtration sand for...
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