This study provides an overview of the definition, characterization, basic features, and efficacy of anaerobic wastewater treatment technology. Morocco currently has 37 million people living there, and by 2030, that number is expected to rise to over 41 million. Drought and water pollution are two serious threats to people's livelihoods in developing nations like Morocco. Morocco is in fact dealing with serious issues relating to energy, population, and the economy, all of which have a big impact on water management. Wastewater contamination is a significant environmental issue that affects both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Large volumes of industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste are carelessly dumped into the environment every day, raising serious issues. Anaerobic digestion, on the other hand, is a practical and affordable technology that efficiently handles the problems caused by excessive quantities of organic material in wastewater treatment while simultaneously turning it into energy. The anaerobic process has many benefits over other wastewater treatment techniques. In essence, this procedure uses organic matter's capacity to produce methane gas and lower carbon dioxide levels. Numerous bacterial species participate in anaerobic digestion; these organisms are given distinct responsibilities at different phases of the process. Methanogenic, acetogenic, hydrolytic, and acidogenic bacteria are among the often found types of bacteria. These bacteria are most productive in certain pH and temperature ranges, usually 6.8 to 7.5 and 30-35 °C, respectively. A digester's residence time for digestion is determined by a number of variables, including the amount and make-up of the feed material, how the system is set up, and whether the process is one or two stages.

Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, wastewater, nutrient removal, biogas, Morocco.