Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research

  • Abbreviation: J. Med. Plants Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0875
  • DOI: 10.5897/JMPR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 3835

Full Length Research Paper

The effect of the aqueous extract of Myrcia guianensis (AubL) DC and its fractions against the hemorrhagic activity of Bothrops jararaca venom

Luciana Aparecida Freitas de Sousa1,2, Valéria Mourão de Moura1,2, Juliana Divina Almeida Raposo2, Leijiane Figueira de Sousa4, Ricardo Bezerra de Oliveira1,2, Lourivaldo Silva Santos6 , Railda Neyva Moreira Araújo6 Ana Maria Moura da Silva1,4, Elenn Pereira Aranha2, Chieno Suemitsu3, Carlos Eduardo Guerra1, Hipócrates de Menezes Chalkidis5, Sérgio Pacheco7 and Rosa Helena Veras Mourão1,2*
1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais da Amazônia - Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará - UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, 68035-110 Santarém, PA, Brazil. 2Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Biologia Experimental - Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará - UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, 68035-110  Santarém, PA, Brazil. 3Laboratório de Morfologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará - UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, 68035-110 Santarém, PA, Brazil. 4Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 5Faculdades Integradas do Tapajós – FIT, Rua Rosa Vermelha, 335, 68010-200 Santarém, PA, Brazil. 6Universidade Federal do Pará – UFPA,  Rua Augusto Corrêa, 66075-110, Belém, PA, Brazil. 7Universidade Federal de Viçosa – UFV, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, s/n Campus Universitário, CEP 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]

  •  Accepted: 24 October 2013
  •  Published: 10 November 2013

Abstract

Brazilian folk medicine utilizes the shrub Myrcia guianensis against various snake venom effects. This work aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of aqueous, ethyl acetate and hexane leave extracts of M. guianensis and its aqueous residue against the hemorrhagic activity of Bothrops jararaca venom. In vivo assays were carried out by dorsal intradermic injections of the crude venom in Swiss mice. The in vitro effect was determined on agarose gel, using egg yolk as phospholipid source and erythrocytes as substrate and by mixing the aqueous residue with crude B. jararaca venom or mice plasma. After incubation, the pellets and the supernatants were analyzed by electrophoresis. The aqueous extract and aqueous residue completely inhibited the in vivo hemorrhage (1:1 ratio, w:w); ethyl acetate extract inhibited 90.7% at 1:3 and hexane extract showed no effect  at 1:10 (w:w). The aqueous residue completely inhibited in vivo jararhagin induced hemorrhage at 1:10 (w:w). However, it showed no action when injected 10 min after the venom. It also completely inhibited the in vitro venom phospholipase A2 activity at 1:2 (w:w) and jararhagin induced fibrinolytic at 1:100 (w:w). It is suggested that the antihemorrhagic activity of the aqueous residue is mainly due to protein precipitation, as shown by electrophoresis.

Key words: Bothrops jararaca, Myrcia guianensis, jararhagin, phospholipase A2, antiophidian plants.

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This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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