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Context: Evidence show anxiolytic and anti-depressant properties of lavender. Objective: Here, we studied the possible anxiolytic and antidepressant-like properties of an oral lavender’s flower aqueous extract (LAE) in chronic mild stress (CMS) model of rats. Materials and Methods: Test and control rats received LAE (200 or 400 mg/ kg) and distilled water respectively. Tests of Sucrose preference (SP), elevated plus...
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Background: Environmental pollution, stress, lifestyle, infections and several other factors are major aetiological factors of male infertility. Aim: To evaluate the effects of oral ingestion of aqueous extract of Syzygium aromaticum (clove buds) on the seminiferous tubules, testicular histology, testosterone level and its effects on semen profile. Methods: Twenty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats used for this study...
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Systemic bacterial infections affect almost all part of the human body systems leading to infections such as urinary tract infections, septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, peritonitis and gastritis. Carbapenems have been used as drug of choice in the treatment of systemic infections. Studies have indicated that Enterobacteriaceae are producing enzymes such as carbapenemases, which inactivate carbapenems. There is limited...
Endophytic Aspergillus sp. Isolated from leaves of Mangifera indica, and its Biological activities
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Endophytic compounds from Nigerian plants is of significant interest in the search for drug compounds possibly due to their potentials to contribute new compounds with biological properties in the fight against drug resistance pathogens. Consequently, this study was embarked upon to investigate the bioactivities of secondary metabolites of endophytic Aspergillus sp. isolated from the leaves of Mangifera indica. Fresh...
Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Commonly Used in Snakebites in North Western Nigeria
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The incidence of snake bite in rural West Africa is reportedly high with an 11–17% mortality rate. Nigeria has one third of the cases for snake bite cases in this region.Thus, most tribes in North-western part of Nigeria depend on medicinal plants for snakebites. However, it appears that a gap exists on documentation of these plants especially tropical flora used in the management of snake bite. This led to increase...
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Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii and other pathogenic bacteria are a worldwide concern due to their increasingly prevalent multidrug resistance. World leaders and health organizations across the globe have voiced their concerns over antibiotic resistance and the critical need for the development of novel antibiotics. Although the number of new antibiotic drugs entering the marketplace in recent years has been...
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Eerdun Wurile (EW) is one of the most widely used traditional Mongolian medicines for stroke recovery. Previous studies revealed that EW regulates brain gene expression in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). However, the fraction of active components and the specific genes regulated by such fractions have not been elucidated clearly. Here, we show that the extracts of EW regulate the expression of genes...
In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Activities of Carica papaya Seed Extracts
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Carica papaya seeds have been reported in folklore medicine as a remedy used in treating diabetes mellitus without a proper documented possible mode of action. This study aimed at evaluating antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of Carica papaya seed extracts in vitro. The air-dried ripe seeds were coarsely powdered and extracted via the soxhlet method to obtain their crude extracts. The crude extracts were then...
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Piper chaba is a flowering vine in the family of piperaceae. It is a spicy plant widely used as food and herbal medicine in South and Southeast Asian countries. We evaluated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of a major alkaloid extract, piperine, from P. chaba fruits on human colonic epithelial cells. The effects of piperine extract on cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition, and...
Article in Press
Antioxidant properties of plants can help thwart a plethora of conditions including cancer, bronchitis, asthma, ulcers, coronary heart diseases, scabies, insomnia, senile debility, diabetes, dysentery, etc. In this study, Andrographis paniculata (Family: Acanthaceae) was investigated for antioxidant activity. DPPH, reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity, ABTS, nitric oxide test, total phenolic and flavonoid from...
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Mosquitoes are the major health threat as they transmit plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Since mosquitoes developed resistances towards insecticides, investigators are searching for alternative control measures. Bioactive plant chemicals have been identified that they serve as a defense mechanism against insects’ larvae. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate larvicidal activities of Juniperus procera...
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Most of the wet land area either remains unutilized or underutilized for cultivation and conservation of economic species. The area either remains covered by means of weeds or unmanaged as such lies useless. The present article introduces a model of ‘Aquatic herbal garden’ developed by Herbal research and development Institute (HRDI) at its camps in Mandal area to utilize such partially or fully waterlogged area to grow...
Assessment of Active Components from Invasive Alien Plant Species Distributed in Bihar
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Plant pathogenic microbes are on rise and thus causing plants quality deterioration. Use of chemicals to lessen their effect, knowingly or unknowingly leaves their side effects. Natural product, a suitable alternative as antimicrobial agent to curb effect of such plant pathogenic microbes has led to study many rare and uncommon plants. Our study aimed to find some active constituents from invading alien species (IAS)...
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Fungal endophytes are regarded as inexhaustible sources of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals with profound antibacterial, anticancer or antifungal activities. Diaporthe sp, an endophytic fungus residing in medicinal plant S. cordatum, showed a good antagonism against bacterial pathogens of beans; Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola (Psp) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv phaseoli (Xap), with zones of inhibitions of 14.00 ±...
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Diabetes, once less known, has become a public health problem whose prevalence is increasing in sub-Sahelian Africa. Beyond conventional medicine, patients are referred to traditional healers. The present study aimed to determine the consensus level of plant use and their antidiabetic potentiality. Thus, a semi-structured interview carried out from May 2014 to April 2018 with 120 traditional healers of the province of...
anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial activity of emblica officinalis (gaertn.)
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Seeds of Emblica officinalis (Gaertn.) or Amla as its commonly called are reported to have higher therapeutic potential in comparison to the fruits in which they reside. Amla have been used for thousands of years to preserve food and treat diseases. The present in-vitro study aims to evaluate anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial functions of seed extracts of Emblica officinalis (Gaertn.) or (Amla). The...
Article in Press
It was reported in 2005 during WHO survey that about 70-80% of the world population use medicinal plants either in their crude unmodified form or partially in their modified semi-synthetic form of plant sources in their primary healthcare. The present study investigated the phytochemicals and antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts of Cerathoteca sesamoides and Chromolaena odorata to ascertain their potentials in...
Article in Press
Inflammation process is discomforting and available therapies are non-specific, having caused adverse drug effect in many cases; it is therefore necessary to investigate potentially useful indigenous plants for their anti-inflammatory activity to develop new therapies that will inhibit inflammatory responses without elucidating any negative effect. Recent research using standard inflammation models have provided the...
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This study investigated the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant potential and antibacterial properties of Nepalese medicinal plants using various analytical techniques. A phytochemical profile of methanolic extracts of selected medicinal plants was established using High Resolution (HR)-LCMS. The extracts were tested against five different pathogenic microorganisms by agar diffusion method and showed considerable...
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Leishmaniasis is the second-largest parasitic killer in the world (after malaria).Currently, there are no effective vaccines or therapeutic interventions thus creating a gap for new alternative remedies in the management of the disease. Medicinal plants offer this attractive option as antileishmanial agents since they are relatively safe, locally available and affordable. The study assessed antileishmanial activity of...
Article in Press
Medicinal plants treatment is independent of any age groups and sexes and is used all over the world for the treatment of ailments. Accumulation of major chemical carcinogens (MCCs): Cd and Cr consumed from the leaves of Adansonia digitata, Psidium guajava and Carica papaya as therapeutic herbs leads to various health hazards. In Borno, Jigawa, and Kano States in the northern part of Nigeria with a population of...
Levels of heavy metals in four malawian medicinal plants used for treatment of infectious diseases
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Medicinal plants could potentially be contaminated with heavy metals during growing in the field, processing and/or handling. These heavy metals may be toxic to humans and cause damage to organs such as liver, kidneys and lungs. Currently, there is no data available on the levels of heavy metals in medicinal plants traditionally used for management of infectious diseases in Malawi. The aim of this study was to determine...
Technical feasibility of products based on camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia): a review.
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Camu-camu (CC) is a fruit from the Amazon that has been well studied and has great therapeutic potential. The present study was aimed at reviewing botanical, phitochemical and processing aspects of this fruit, in addition this biological effect. Results: Despite the amount of information available regarding this fruit and the potential use of this plant, the market lacks products based on camu-camu. This work summarizes...
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Anacardium occidentale nut shell liquid which is mostly known as cashew nut shell liquid has been used for decades especially by natives of South America, Asia and Africa in the treatment of topical skin diseases, skin abrasion and cancerous ulcers amongst others. Some previous studies attempted to link pharmacological activities to the antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties of CNSL. Chronic exposure...
Article in Press
Despite past decades of steady advances in the fight against Malaria, statistics show that the disease is still a threat to human health. Previous successes in the development of antimalarial drugs from medicinal plants have fueled research in this area. However antimalarial studies on fractionated extracts from such plants have progressed slowly. This study reports the antimalarial potential of fractions from Lippia...
Article in Press
The aim of this study was designed to evaluate the effect of Berberis vulgaris water extract (BWE) against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity and LPS/PCM induced- hepatic inflammation in the experimental animal models. CCl4 (100ug/kg, oral) administration for 28 days as well as the co- administration of LPS (250ug/kg bw) and PCM (2g/kg bw) for 28days resulted in massive elevation in serum and hepatic prooxidants and inflammatory...
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This study evaluated the anti-hyperglycemic potential of Stemonocoleus micranthus Harms. (Fabaceae) stem bark.Three models used in this study were: normoglycemic animal model, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and alloxan-induced hyperglycemic model for acute and prolonged administration. Five (5) groups of rats (n=6) were used for all models; group 1 served as the control while groups 2, 3, and 4 received S. micranthus...
Anti-bacterial activity of secondary metabolites from Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium
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Mortality and morbidity due to bacterial infections continue to threaten humanity in the 21st century. Bacterial resistance to current antibiotics due to overuse has necessitated a search for new alternative novel drugs that are less prone to resistance. This study evaluated antibacterial activity of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium (pyrethrum) flower extracts, fractions and isolated compounds which included pyrethrin II,...
Article in Press
Neurodegenerative diseases refer to physiological changes leading to death of nerve cells present in the brain and spinal cord. Current treatment for this disease is not effective and caused many side effects. Thus, the search for alternative medicines is in high demand. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-cholinesterase properties of Phaleria macrocarpa (leaf). Bioactive compounds from Phaleria...
Insecticidal effect of Hyptis suaveolens chemotype 1,8- cineole on lice, poultry parasites
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Aromatic plants can provide potential alternative solutions to synthetic molecular currently used in the control of poultry ectoparasites because they are a rich source of bioactive chemicals. The purpose of this study is therefore to analyze the chemical constituents of the essential oil of H. suaveolens and to evaluate the insecticidal effect on lice parasite in chicken and turkey. A gas chromatographic analysis...
Article in Press
Diabetes affects 422 million people in the world and caused 1.5 million deaths. The Psydrax genus has been reported to have various pharmacological activities. Based on ethno-pharmacological information, Psydrax horizontalis Schum. & Thonn. (Bridson) locally known as “Akata-ike” in Nsukka is used in the management of diabetes in South-eastern Nigeria. However, as at the time of this research, no previous work has been...
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Traditional medicine is used in all over the world, especially in developing countries. Though synthetic drugs are very effective but are harmful to human beings because of their side effects. Genus of Terminalia and Combretum species are belong to the family Combretaceae, which contains 20 genera and 600 species as herbs, shrubs and trees. These plants are used in different traditional medicine for their antioxidant...
Hypoglycaemic effects of Salvia officinalis extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic Swiss albino mice
Article in Press
Diabetes mellitus is the fourth killer disease globally. The available management strategies are quite expensive and sometimes unsafe. This necessitates the need for bio-active drugs from medicinal plants. Salvia officinalis (sage) has been in use in herbal medicine for a long time. However, the scientific validation for anti-diabetic effects of various extracts from this plant has been elusive. The present study aimed to...
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In Ethiopia, many plants are used for medicinal purpose by traditional healers without any scientific justification for their therapeutic values. The principal Aim of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the leaf, root and stem bark extracts of Rhamnus prinioides (gesho), Justicia schimperiana (sensel) and Ruta chalepensis (Tena adam) against some common pathogenic species of...
Article in Press
The concentrations of essential macro and micro elements were determined using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence technique (EDXRF) being the most suitable instrument for the multi-element analysis in plant samples. Two macroelements (Ca and K) and seven microelements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Rb, Sr and Br) were analyzed in different parts (leaves, wood bark and roots) of Durio zibethinus Murr. The results revealed the levels of...
Antiurolithiatic Activity of Selected Plants Extracts Against Calcium Oxalate Crystals
Article in Press
The present study was designed to evaluate the antiurolithiatic activity of selected plants extracts (Achyranthes aspera, Lawsonia inermis, Ficus benghalensis, Raphnus sativus and Macrotyloma uniflorum) against calcium oxalate crystals. The methanol extract of selected plants was analysed for in-vitro antiurolithiatic activity using nucleation, aggregation and growth assay of calcium oxalate (CaOX) monohydrate crystals....
Article in Press
Reports from extensive surveys have indicated that about 70-80% of the world population; particularly in the developing countries rely on non-conventional medicine mainly of herbal origins for their primary health care. Correct identification and quality assurance of the starting materials are essential prerequisites to ensuring reproducible quality of herbal medicine which will contribute to its safety and efficacy. This...
Article in Press
Plant part such asleaves, stems, branches, twigs, and roots possess different therapeutic functions and activities. Besides that, development stages, either young or mature could cause several effects to the bioactive compounds as well as the antioxidant properties of the plant. Thus, an experiment was conducted using a nested design, with three replications, involved young and mature development stages and three different...
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Dengue is an emerging epidemic disease that among those transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito is the one with the highest number of cases and cases with death. With the wide dissemination of the beneficial effects of medicinal plants and the use in agriculture as a pesticide, studies on the prospection of plants with toxic activity have been increasing, highlighting extracts and essential oils. The objective of this...
ETHNOMEDICINAL EVALUATION OF SOME ANTIMALARIAL PLANTS USED IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA
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The use of herbs and plant materials have always been popular in the treatment of febrile illness, and it has grown over time in malaria endemic areas. Structured questionnaires were administered in four towns in each of the three senatorial districts of Ondo state to know the most commonly used herbs and the results suggested Mango (Mangifera indica) Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) and Guava (Psidium guajava) as most...
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Antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of Alchornea cordifolia plant was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo against Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus terreus, mostly implicated in plant and animal fungal diseases. Antifungal potential of the extract were evaluated quantitatively in vitro using well diffusion method and in vivo by studying the survival rate of Drosophila melanogaster (Harwich) challenged with...
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Hyper pigmentation is skin disorders affect the color of skin that may require treatment. There are many chemical agents to treatment of hyper pigmentation such as hydroquinone, retinoids and other agents but do not satisfactory results and may be highly morbid. In addition to consumer prospective natural origin is more acceptable with mush less contraindication. Soybean derived peptides have demonstrated numerous...
Article in Press
Plant-based foods have health benefits and minimal side effects than synthetic anti-diabetic agents. Therefore, this study evaluated nutritional and anti-hyperglycaemic efficacies of raw African star apple (RASA) and fermented African star apple seeds (FASA). Methodology: The RASA and FASA seeds were processed into flour, and nutritional qualities, antioxidative and antidiabetic activities in wistar rats were evaluated at...
Article in Press
The stem bark of Piptadeniastrum africanum (Hook. F.) (syn. Piptadenia Africana) Brenan (Mimosaceae) is used in Cameroonian and Gabonese folk medicine for the relief of some painful sicknesses. This study was intended to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous extract of P. africanum. The analgesic investigations were carried out against acute noxious stimuli, that are chemical (acetic...
Ethno Botanical Perspective of Medicinal Plants in Mulkhow Valley District Upper Chitral, Pakistan
Article in Press
This paper demonstrates the ethnobotanical perspectives of medicinal plant in Mulkhow valley, district Chitral. The main aim of this research work was to gather information to document the medicinal uses of plants in Mulkhow valley. The results of ethnobotanical perspective contain quantitative information of medicinal plants used by indigenous people in Mulkhow valley. The current study conducted between 2015 – 2016...
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Globally, medicinal plants have been used to treat different human ailments from time immemorial. In Kenya, various plants are used by local people in the treatment of various diseases.This is a common practice in Nandi county due to scarce health facilities in the region, traditional beliefs, cultural barriers and availability of medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to carry out an ethnobotanical survey to...
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Medicinal plants have bioactive compounds which are used for curing of various human diseases and also play an important role in healing. Phytochemicals have two categories. These are primary and secondary constituents. Primary constituents have chlorophyll, proteins sugar and amino acids. Secondary constituents contains like terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides and phenols. Secondary...
Antibacterial and Antioxidant Compounds from the Tubers Extracts of Plectranthus edulis
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P. edulis is an indigenous plant which has been cultivated for its edible tuber. It is claimed to have antibacterial activity. But this was not supported by scientific investigation. Hence this work explores the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of extracts and isolated compounds from the tuber of P. edulis. The effects of the extracts and isolated compounds of tubers of P. edulis were evaluated against S. aureus,...
Article in Press
Ethiopia has numerous plants that can be used as sources of medicine for those who cannot access modern health care. This study was conducted to document the indigenous knowledge and medicinal plants in and around Ambo town. The study was carried out from April to August 2018. A total of 49 participants were selected randomly from the representative kebeles. Twenty two medicinal plants were collected and documented based...
Article in Press
Boscia senegalensis and Tapinanthus dodoneifolius are two plants mostly used by herders to treat animal diseases in the Far North Region of Cameroon. To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial, cytotoxic and antioxidant potentials of these plants. To achieve this, five extracts (water, methanol, chloroform and hexane) of both plants obtained by successive fractionation were used. Antibacterial activities of the different...
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