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The pharmacological effects of Artabotrys thomsonii, a vine traditionally used against diabetes mellitus, were evaluated in an insulin-resistant diabetes model. Diabetes and hypertension were induced in rats by daily oral administration of 10% fructose (by gavage) and 10% sucrose (in drinking water) for 21 days, followed by i.p. injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) on day 22. 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the extract were...
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Drought stress is one of the factors limiting growth and development in plants that negatively affects the morphological traits and physiological processes of plants. These effects are reduced using a variety of compounds and nanomaterials, including titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). In recent years, the use of TiO2 NPs has been in the focus of plant physiologists due to their special biological properties. This...
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For centuries, plants extracts have served medicinal values against microbes including bacteria and fungi. This study investigated the antibacterial and antifungal efficacy of extracts from leaves, stem barks, and roots of Synadenium glaucescens, Moringa oleifera, Symphytum officinale, and Commiphora swynnertonii resin, against microbial contamination in the tomato value chain. Plant samples were sourced from Morogoro and...
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Antimalarial. antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties of Newbouldia laevis have been reported in the literature. This study investigated the effects of aqueous and methanol extracts of N. laevis on haematology, semen characteristics and morphology of male Wistar rats. Sixty matured adults male Wistar rats aged 18 weeks and weighed between 160 and 180g were grouped into 6, A-C (n=10) for aqueous extract...
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n-Hexane serves as a non-polar solvent extensively utilized in the food and pharmaceutical sectors for the extraction of compounds from medicinal plants. Here, we compile research from 2000 to 2024 on various impacts of n-hexane extracts, their biological activities, and potential therapeutic effects, such as reversing liver toxicity and ameliorating kidney damage, and lung disorders. In the context of cancer, n-hexane...
Antmicrobial studies of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using boswellia dalzielii leaf extracts
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Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were successfully synthesized using leaf extracts of B. dalzielii and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, which revealed a strong absorption peak at 374 nm, indicating the formation of ZnO-NPs. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized ZnO-NPs was evaluated against clinical and standard strains of S. typhi, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, A. niger, and A. flavus. The results...
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Steviosides are a class of natural non-nutritive sweeteners with high sweetness and low calories extracted from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, a plant of the Asteraceae family. Steviosides have multiple pharmacological activities in the body and are non-toxic. The objective of this study was to characterize stevia extract and select the optimum condition for extraction. The extraction process of stevioside from...
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Most Ethiopians use medicinal plants/herbs and their products in traditional medicine to treat many human illnesses. Ocimum lamifolium is a typical example in this regard. This study aimed to conduct phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity tests on the stem extracts of this plant. The powder of the stem of the plant (500 g) was subjected to solvent extraction in chloroform/methanol (1:1) and methanol...
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Research on medicinal plants has extensively explored their antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties due to rising bacterial antibiotic resistance. Aloe species have traditionally been used for their therapeutic benefits. This study focused on Aloiampelos ciliaris, conducting phytochemical screening, and evaluating its antioxidant and antibacterial activities and total phenolic and flavonoid content. Samples...
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Therapeutic potential of the age-old Indian herbal remedies needs an immediate scientific validation, against urogenital problems. This study investigates the antibacterial efficacy of the methanolic extract of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. (C. reflexa) stem through multiple diffusion techniques and the zone of inhibitions (ZOIs) are expressed in millimetres. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is found to be 1.25mg/mL against...
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The biochemical and haematological effects of ethanol leaf-extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius in testosterone propionate-induced benign prostate hyperplasia rats were investigated. Thirty male albino rats used for the study were distributed into six groups of 5 rats each. Group 1 was subcutaneously administered 1ml/kg body weight of olive oil and 1ml/kg of distilled water orally. Groups 2-6 were induced with BPH via...
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This study explores the therapeutic potential of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (Fabaceae), commonly known as Copaíba, a legume renowned for its oleoresin extraction. The organic extracts from Copaíba's leaves, stem bark, and wood, using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, were investigated for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. In vitro assessments included determining minimum inhibitory...
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The medicinal plants constitute a major flora in India. There are several species of plants distributed throughout India having different pharmacological importance. However, indiscriminate exploitation by different industries as well as excessive use of medicinal plant species by rural people have resulted in the drastic reductionof population in the wild. In the present review article, genome analysis, in vitro...
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Mentha spicata is an herb with several biological activity. The study assessed the cytotoxicity activity in vitro of ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extracts from Mentha spicata against human breast cancer cells lines (MDA-MB-231) using MTT assay and cultured in DMEM with 10% gentamicin. In the presence of different extracts (Aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic), the cells were incubated at 24 and 48 hours with controls....
Antioxidant and HO-1-inducing potentials of the aqueous whole plant extract of Phyllanthus niruri.
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Phyllanthus niruri has a considerable wide usage as a medicinal plant in South Western Nigeria and decoction is one of the forms of preparation. The neutralization of ROS by natural antioxidants helps manage various diseases, arousing interest in natural antioxidants. We therefore examined the antioxidative and HO-1-inducing capacity of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus niruri (P. niruri). The antioxidant capacity of P....
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Phytochemicals are non-nutritive chemical compounds that occur naturally in plants and have diverse properties. Based on the traditional or folklore knowledge in this present study two medicinal plants, Purpurascens posumbes, and Polygonum posumbes were analyzed for phytochemicals and their antimicrobial activities. Qualitative analysis of Purpurascens posumbes showed alkaloids, phenol, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, and...
Evaluation of the in vitro toxicological potential of crude Piper aduncum extract
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Several substances derived from plant metabolism appear to have therapeutic effects, requiring toxicity and mutagenicity studies to determine their safe use capable of producing a satisfactory effect of the drug. Reports in the literature demonstrate that ethanolic extracts of P. aduncum leaves have antiprotozoal, antimalarial and insecticidal activity. The present study aimed to conduct pre-clinical toxicological tests of...
Phytochemical investigation of prosopis juliflora leaves extracts and their insecticidal activity
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One known compound trans-ferrulate (compound 1) together with fatty acids derivatives were isolated from the leaves of plant Prosopis juliflora. It is an invasive plant found in dry regions of Kenya mainly Baringo, Turkana, Tana river and other regions. The plant has been reported to possess many phytochemicals, some of which are assumed to possess insecticidal activities. The leaves were collected from Baringo County,...
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The African Walnut plant is a climber which grows mainly in Nigeria and Cameroun. It is a lesser-used oil plant with probable efficacy for treating proliferative diseases. This study investigated the antioxidant properties of African walnut seed oil (AWSO) on Dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN) induced liver injuries in Wistar rats. The AWSO was extracted with n-hexane using the Soxhlet apparatus. Sets of 30 Wistar rats in 6 groups...
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The insufficient documents created challenges for proper use and conservation of medicinal plants in Southwest Ethiopia. Therefore, the present study was aimed to identify and document the medicinal plants, and their ethnopharmacological profiling used by traditional herbalists in Sheka zone. For this, the medicinal plants ethobotanical data was analysed from traditional herbalists (n=23) using qualitative and quantitative...
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Herbal plants have long been recognized to possess antimicrobial properties, from ancient medical practice. This study was undertaken to investigate the antibacterial activities of Terminalia ivorensis crude extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas species isolated from burn wounds. A total of 200 burn wounds swab samples were collected from patients at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital...
Anti-quorum sensing potential of Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) extracts from Burkina Faso.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes infections in human particularly immunocompromised patients with cystic fibrosis, severe burns and HIV, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenic bacteria P. aeruginosa produces virulence factors regulated by the mechanism called quorum sensing system. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-quorum sensing activity of Ageratum conyzoides extracts. Chromobacterium violaceum...
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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) powder on growth performance, antioxidant status, and blood parameters in broiler chickens. A total of 240 day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb-500) were divided into 04 treatments with 04 replicates of 15 birds each. Dietary treatments were included a corn-soybean diet as a control group along with diets containing 0.5, 1 and...
A Mini-review on Musanga cecropioides R. Br. ex Tedlie
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Musanga cecropioides R. Br. ex Tedlie (family Urticaceae) is a tree distributed across some parts of Africa including Nigeria. Ethnomedicinal surveys of Musanga cecropioides implicate that its various parts are used in the management of several health conditions asides the numerous uses reported ethnobotanically. This review was thus aimed at assessing the extent of work done on Musanga cecropioides parts scientifically in...
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Several plant extracts inhibit male and female fertility and may be developed into contraceptives. Cassia arereh Del. is a small tree widely spread and used in Nigeria for various purposes. This plant species is employed to restore the fertility among women. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacognostic, phytochemical profiles and the antifertility activity of the leaves of Cassia arereh. The pharmacognostic and...
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Folkloric use of Lophira lanceolata in Western Africa for treatment of wounds and some bacterial-associated infections was investigated. In-vitro antibacterial activity against 5 bacterial isolates was done using inhibitory zone diameter (IZD), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of hydroethanolic extract of Lophira lanceolata (HELL) bark. Ointments of paraffin wax and...
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Summary Objectives: To determine the chemical composition and to evaluate the mosquito repellent property of essential oils extracted from the bark of the stem of Sterculia tragacantha Lindl on Anopheles gambiae, vector of malaria. Methods: The essential oil of the stem bark of Sterculia tragacantha Lindl is extracted by hydrodistillation, and their chemical compositions were identified by GC (Ir) and GC-MS. This oil has...
Metabolic profile of wistar rats after consumption of flour prepared with grains and fruits
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The occurrence of chronic and degenerative diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer is increasing sharply. In the last years, there has been an increase in interest in the consumption of foods with functional properties that are related to weight loss and disease prevention. For these reasons, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of flour prepared with grains and fruits on the...
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Introduction: Cognitive decline induced by oxidative brain damage is the critical pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. Studies have shown that individual administration of Boswellia serrata Roxb (BS), Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ZO) and Ginkgo biloba L. (GB) extracts improved memory and learning through a different mechanism of actions. This study aimed to compare the individual effects of each extract with their...
GC-MS and NMR studies on leaf essential oil of Eucalyptus citriodora from Kaduna, Nigeria
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The leaf essential oil of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook belonging to the family Myrtaceae was analysed by GC-MS. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation in yield of 3.5% (v/w). Twenty-nine different components accounting for 100% of the total volatile oils were identified. Citronellal (46.87%) was the predominant monoterpene constituent, followed by isopulegol (7.68%), citronellol (7.47%), 3-tetradecanol (4.98%)...
In-Vivo Anti-Inflammatory activity of different parts of adansonia digitata
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The aim of the study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory property of the different parts of Adansonia digitata (Malvaceae) extracts. A. digitata is an important medicinal plant to West Africa including Ghana. The plant is used effectively in folk medicine to treat inflammatory diseases such as joint disorders, asthma, toothache and painful swelling. Carrageenan-induced pedal oedema in 7-day old chicks was used for the...
Pachyrhizus spp. seed extracts control the Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. mycelial growth
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The present paper has aimed to characterize the bioactivity being exerted on S. rolfsii in vitro by seed aqueous extracts from 64 yam bean (Pachyrhizus spp.) genotypes as well as their maceration times (0, 48 and 72 h). Three experiments were carried out following a completely randomized design with 64 treatments (potato-dextrose-agar PDA+extracts) with two controls (PDA with no extract and PDA+Cabrio® Top in the dose of 4...
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In the recent past, the importance of freshwater algae has grown enormously due to their antibiotic activity against certain species of bacteria known for several disease states like endocarditis, external otitis, skin rash, etc. Also, there is a growing concern among the immunocompromised individuals that they may be susceptible to antibiotics and anti-fungal resistant infections resulting in increased fatality rates....
Trematocidal activity of certain plant species against rumen fluke Fischoederius cobboldi
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The anthelmintic potential of twelve solvent extracts of four plant species were studied against adult Fischoederius cobboldi using in vitro systems. Generally the ethyl acetate extracts of all the plants showed prominent activity by inhibiting the fluke’s motility and reducing their survival in a concentration dependent manner. Compared to the vehicle treated controls, a very significant (P
Paeonia emodi: A threatened important medicinal plant of higher himalayan region
Article in Press
Himalaya is well known for its rich biodiversity with respect to medicinal and aromatic plants and Paeonia emodi Wall. ex Royle is one of them locally known as Chandra (family Paeoniaceae). In India, it is distributed in North–West Himalaya from Kashmir to Garhwal-Kumaun regions of Uttarakhand with an altitudinal range of 1800 to 2800 m asl. P. emodi is highly effective for uterine diseases, blood purifier, colic,...
Extraction and identification of antiviral and antitumor compounds from some marine algae in Egypt
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Marine algae are considered a diverse source of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to detect the presence of antiviral and anticancer potential in extracts of marine algae ,extraction, purification and identification of some marine algae in Egypt were conducted.Water and solvent extraction of Ulvalactuca, Sargassumdentifolium, and Cystoseiaramyrica was conducted. A sequence of extractions, including ethanol (EtOH),...
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Due to the action of essential oils of thyme, lemongrass and rosemary against microorganisms and little studies about these essential oils on vegetable seed treatment, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the treatment with these essential oils on cauliflower seeds inoculated with A. flavus and the effect in the physiological and sanitary quality. Cauliflower seeds inoculated with the fungus Aspergillus sp....
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Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a common medical problem that can occur as a result of reducing or cessation of alcohol consumption and lead to alcoholic relapse. The objective of the present study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of an acetone water extract from Moroccan Cistus Monspeliensis (CM) against the development of AWS and its associated disorders. To study AWS related disorders and possible...
Medicinal Plants with Potential to Regulate Male Fertility
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The strain on our environment due to increase in population is a major threat to the goals of sustainable development. The need to control population growth for conserving natural resources has led us to explore methods to control population. The best method to control population is to encourage and educate people about various contraceptive methods. There are various methods and technologies that are used to overcome this...
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The nutraceutical composition of Sarcodon sp, a wild edible mushroom has outstanding biological activities. However, up to now, not enough nutraceutical information has been reported for this fungus in Mexico, that is, about its preventive and/or therapeutic capacity. The purpose of this work was to describe taxonomically this mushroom and to determine total phenolic contents as equivalents of gallic acid, phenolics acids...
Article in Press
The documentation of medicinal uses of plants is becoming increasingly urgent because of the rapid loss of the natural habitat for some of these plants due to anthropogenic activities. Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants is also at risk of extinction due to the dependency on oral transmission, and as such, there is an urgent need to document such knowledge. The study aimed at document medicinal plants used in the...
Endophytic Aspergillus sp. Isolated from leaves of Mangifera indica, and its Biological activities
Article in Press
Endophytic compounds from Nigerian plants is of significant interest in the search for drug compounds possibly due to their potentials to contribute new compounds with biological properties in the fight against drug resistance pathogens. Consequently, this study was embarked upon to investigate the bioactivities of secondary metabolites of endophytic Aspergillus sp. isolated from the leaves of Mangifera indica. Fresh...
In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Activities of Carica papaya Seed Extracts
Article in Press
Carica papaya seeds have been reported in folklore medicine as a remedy used in treating diabetes mellitus without a proper documented possible mode of action. This study aimed at evaluating antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of Carica papaya seed extracts in vitro. The air-dried ripe seeds were coarsely powdered and extracted via the soxhlet method to obtain their crude extracts. The crude extracts were then...
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Most of the wet land area either remains unutilized or underutilized for cultivation and conservation of economic species. The area either remains covered by means of weeds or unmanaged as such lies useless. The present article introduces a model of ‘Aquatic herbal garden’ developed by Herbal research and development Institute (HRDI) at its camps in Mandal area to utilize such partially or fully waterlogged area to...
Assessment of Active Components from Invasive Alien Plant Species Distributed in Bihar
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Plant pathogenic microbes are on rise and thus causing plants quality deterioration. Use of chemicals to lessen their effect, knowingly or unknowingly leaves their side effects. Natural product, a suitable alternative as antimicrobial agent to curb effect of such plant pathogenic microbes has led to study many rare and uncommon plants. Our study aimed to find some active constituents from invading alien species (IAS)...
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It was reported in 2005 during WHO survey that about 70-80% of the world population use medicinal plants either in their crude unmodified form or partially in their modified semi-synthetic form of plant sources in their primary healthcare. The present study investigated the phytochemicals and antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts of Cerathoteca sesamoides and Chromolaena odorata to ascertain their potentials in...
Levels of heavy metals in four malawian medicinal plants used for treatment of infectious diseases
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Medicinal plants could potentially be contaminated with heavy metals during growing in the field, processing and/or handling. These heavy metals may be toxic to humans and cause damage to organs such as liver, kidneys and lungs. Currently, there is no data available on the levels of heavy metals in medicinal plants traditionally used for management of infectious diseases in Malawi. The aim of this study was to determine...
Technical feasibility of products based on camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia): a review.
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Camu-camu (CC) is a fruit from the Amazon that has been well studied and has great therapeutic potential. The present study was aimed at reviewing botanical, phitochemical and processing aspects of this fruit, in addition this biological effect. Results: Despite the amount of information available regarding this fruit and the potential use of this plant, the market lacks products based on camu-camu. This work summarizes...
Article in Press
Neurodegenerative diseases refer to physiological changes leading to death of nerve cells present in the brain and spinal cord. Current treatment for this disease is not effective and caused many side effects. Thus, the search for alternative medicines is in high demand. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-cholinesterase properties of Phaleria macrocarpa (leaf). Bioactive compounds from Phaleria...
Insecticidal effect of Hyptis suaveolens chemotype 1,8- cineole on lice, poultry parasites
Article in Press
Aromatic plants can provide potential alternative solutions to synthetic molecular currently used in the control of poultry ectoparasites because they are a rich source of bioactive chemicals. The purpose of this study is therefore to analyze the chemical constituents of the essential oil of H. suaveolens and to evaluate the insecticidal effect on lice parasite in chicken and turkey. A gas chromatographic analysis...
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