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Solvent extracts of 368 plant parts from 191 different species cultivated in Tsukuba (Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan) were screened for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) transformation inhibition activity. As a result, inhibitive activity against dioxin-induced AhR transformation was identified in Mallotus japonicas leaf extract. Fractionation of the extract combined with AhR transformation assays led to the isolation of six...
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Cytotoxic potential of 14 Passiflora species against cancer cells
This work aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential against cancer cells of Passiflora genus plant species cultivated in Brazil and identify the mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by the most promising extract. Ethanolic extracts from the leaves of 14 Passiflora (P.) species were obtained by accelerated solvent extraction and in vitro cytotoxicity evaluated against cancer cell lines using MTT assay at a single...
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Genus Etlingera- a review on chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils
Essential oils from plants belonging to several species has been extensively used as natural resources in the prevention and treatment of a large number of diseases. The medicinal and aromatic plants of genus- Etlingera produces high percentages of essential oil from its every organ and is recommended for a variety of health problems by traditional systems of medicine in south-east Asia. Essential oils from this genus...
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Ethiopia has numerous plants that can be used as sources of medicine for those who cannot access modern health care. This study was conducted to document the indigenous knowledge and medicinal plants in and around Ambo town. The study was carried out from April to August 2018. A total of 49 participants were selected randomly from the representative kebeles. Twenty two medicinal plants were collected and documented based...
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Boscia senegalensis and Tapinanthus dodoneifolius are two plants mostly used by herders to treat animal diseases in the Far North Region of Cameroon. To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial, cytotoxic and antioxidant potentials of these plants. To achieve this, five extracts (water, methanol, chloroform and hexane) of both plants obtained by successive fractionation were used. Antibacterial activities of the different...
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ABSTRACT The investigation of traditional medicinal plants was performed in Bale district from August to October 2018 in three kebeles Kedu, Elasa and Aloshe Tilo. In the study area diverse medicinal plant were used to treat many human and livestock disease. The data were collected from the informants through semi-structured interview, discussion and collected plant samples from the study areas that were used to treat...
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Bio-guided identification of antiglycative constituents from the leaves of Mangifera indica L.
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been shown to be implicated in many degenerative disorders as well as diabetic pathology. Of interest, several natural compounds including phenolic constituents are capable of inhibiting the formation of AGEs. Bio-guided fractionation of a methanol extract from Mangifera indica leaves led to the characterization of six antiglycative constituents including gallic acid (1),...
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Background: Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by progressive degeneration of cortical and hippocampal neurons Objective: To characterize the metabolic profiles of the hydro-ethanolic extracts of Bacopa monnieri L. (BM) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (RO) cultivated in Egypt via UPLC–ESI/MS analyses and reveal their possible mechanism of the prophylactic effect(s) on neuro-degeneration in rat model of Alzheimer’s...
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Aristolochia ringens (Vahl) and Securidaca longepedunculata Fresens are used in traditional African medicine for the treatment of arthritis, diarrhoea, asthma, snakebites and skin rashes. This present study examines the acute and sub-acute toxicity effects of these plants in rats. The animals (5 per group) were treated daily with the extract at doses of 100, 250, 500 mg/kg orally for 28 days. Control group received...
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Large cardamom (Amomum. subulatum Roxb) commonly known as a badi elaichi, is a tall, perennial, evergreen, herbaceous monocot plant. Large cardamom is well known spice, which has medicinal value. The present study has been designed to explore the base line morphological characteristics, chemo-profile, to raise superior quality planting materials through micro propagation and large cardamom farming as an appropriate...
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An ethnobotanical study of traditionally used medicinal plants to trat human disease was conducted in Goba District of Bale Zone, Ethiopia. Information was gathered from 60 informants using semi-structured interview. For data collection the site and the informants were selected purposivelly. During the study, a total of 42 medicinal plant speceis belonging to 24 families were recorded. The family Euphorbiaceae has four...
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Investigation was carried out on the effects of 50mg/mL and 100mg/mL concentration of methanol and omidun extracts of root of V. paradoxa on hematological parameters of diarrhea induced albino rats. A total of 5 test organisms ((Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922,Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli ‘EPEC ATCC 43887’, Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli ‘EHEC ATCC 43889’) associated with...
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Studies on the medicinal (hypoglycemic) potential of Magnifera indica (M. indica) have been documented. However, little may still be known about the dose level and the effects it may have on haematocrit, liver enzymes and body weight of a diabetic individual. The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect of aqueous M. indica leaves extract on alloxan-induced diabetes in albino rats Rattus rattus....
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This study evaluated the phytoconstituents of the chloroform extract of Chasmenthera dependens (C. dependens) roots and the effect of the extract on the liver serum/homogenate enzyme activities of carbon Tetrachloride Induced hepatoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats. Twenty-four (24) female albino rats were used for this study and were divided into groups of four rats each: Groups I rats were normal control. Hepatotoxicity was...
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A Review of the Ethnomedicinal uses of pteridophytes for treating various human ailments in India
Pteridophytes present significant evolutionary innovations such as development of true conducting system with xylem and phloem and dominant saprophytic phase. Pteridophytes are frequently used as ornamental plants because of the green long lasting large foliage and sturdy plant forms. They are being used as bio-indicators for pollution, phytoremediators, and some used as bio-fertilizers. During the invasion of land...
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The stem bark and leaves of Uapaca togoensis has been used in traditional medicine to treat fever, epilepsy, rheumatism, vomiting and fatigue. The present study was designed to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity profile of the methanol stem bark extract of Uapaca togoensis as there are no reported toxicological studies on the plant. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids,...
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L. biflora (Vahl) R. Br. is ethnobotanically considered as cancer plant. It is arare medicinal plant. It is applied for the treatment of conjunctivitis, nasal bleeding, white discharge etc. For the medicinal property identification and quantitation of the bioactive compounds in this plant not been reported previously. Therefore, high performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting profile has been reported till date....
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This study was carried out to collect and document indigenous knowledge on medicinal plants among the traditional healers of Fedis district of Oromiya regional state, East Ethiopia. The ethnobotanical data were collected from 36 traditional healers (24 male and 12 female) using semi-structured questionnaire, observation and guided field walks. The survey identified 64 medicinal plants distributed into 39 families and 59...
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Chromolaena odorata is a medicinal plant that is widely used in folk medicine many Nigerian communities for treatment of several ailments and diseases. In particular, local formulations of the herbal plant are used to treat wounds, burns and skin infections. The plant extracts have also shown anticancer, antidiabetic, hepaprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The aim of the study was to...
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In the present study, bark samples of Samadera indica were collected, allowed to shade dry for a week, then coarsely powdered and was extracted with methanol by soxhlation process. The extract was used for wound healing experiment. In the wound healing study using excision wound model, 18 healthy Albino rats of four each with average body weight of 150-200 g was selected randomly for the study, which will be divided into...
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Essential oils are secondary metabolities that are highly concentrated substances extracted from flowers, leaves, stems, roots, seeds, barks, resins, or fruit rinds. Essential oils have been recognized as some of the most promising compounds in the development of novel products particularly in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, food and perfumery industries. Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) belonging to family Rannunculaceae...
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This research work was conducted to assess the potency of ethanolic and hot water extract of Azadirachta indica and Vernonia amygdalina against pathogenic Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404). Potato Dextrose Agar was the medium under which the antimicrobial sensitivity test was carried out. Streptomycin solution was also added to the medium to selectively inhibit the growth of bacterial cell. The results showed that, higher...
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The main aims of this study have been finding out the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and preliminary phytochemical screening of three traditional plants of Iran namely, Allium ampeloprasum var. iranicum, Echinophora platyloba L and Pistacia atlantica kurdica were studied. In this experimental study, the maceration technique was used to prepare alcoholic extract. The effect of extract was analyzed based on disk...
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Gandrayan (Angelica glauca Edgew., Family Apiaceae) is a high value medicinal herb and it is native and endemic to the Indian Himalayan Region. Its aromatic roots are used as spice and beside this the industrial demand of its essential oil is increasing for modern herbal medicines and aromatherapy. The present study was carried out to document its ethno-medicinal importance among local inhabitants of three Indian Himalayan...
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Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of different solvent extracts of five cultivars of Zingiber officinale were investigated. Out of the test organisms, Staphylococcus aureus was found most susceptible to chloroform extract of majhauley cultivar (26±0.1mm), while there was no activity recorded against Escherichia coli. The highest total phenol and flavonoid contents were recorded in the chloroform extract of...
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The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of environmental factors on distribution of medicinal plants in Chaharbagh rangelands in North East Iran. Sampling of vegetation was performed in quadrats positioned in the study area using a randomized-systematic method. Vegetation data including medicinal plants and their density were estimated quantitatively within each quadrat. The topographic conditions...
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Cuscuta reflexa is a parasitic plant having many medicinal properties and used as traditional medicine in Ayurveda for the treatment of various disorders. In the present research work, researchers have investigated antimicrobial ability of C. reflexa with Nerium oleander host plant successive extracts against selected human pathogenic bacteria. Escherichia coli (MTCC 730), Proteus vulgaris (MTCC 1771), Staphylococcus...
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Cnidoscolous aconitifolius promotes anxiolysis in humans. Fresh leaf extracts are claimed to possess greater anxiolytic activity as compared to dry leaf extracts. This study investigated the anxiety alleviating activity of two fresh leaf extracts {aqueous fresh leaf extract (AFLE) and methanolic fresh leaf extract (MFLE)} and a dry leaf extract {methanolic dry leaf extract (MFLE)} of C. acontifolius. Swiss albino mice...
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Antioxidant, DNA protective and antibacterial activities of Terminalia bellerica extracts
Terminalia bellerica Roxb., commonly known as Beleric myrobalan, is a well-known large deciduous tree with various pharmaceutical properties. However, scientific information on T. bellerica, growing in India, as regards to its phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties is very limited. With this in view, this study investigated the antioxidant, DNA protective and antibacterial activities of different parts...
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This study was designed to determine the effects of prolonged oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of Leptadenia hastata Pers (Decne) on sperm concentration, sperm motility and testicular histology in Wistar rats. Rats were given graded doses (200, 400, 600 and 800 mg kg-1) of aqueous leaf extract of L. hastata orally for 28 days. Weekly changes in sperm concentration and motility as well as testicular weight and...
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A novel prenylfuroquinoline alkaloid capensenin (1), an alkaloid confusameline (2), two furanocoumarins psolaren (3) and bergapten (4), were isolated from hexane and dichloromethane crude extracts of stem bark, leaves and fruit pericarp of Calodendrum capense. Limonin (5) was also isolated from the stem bark, while limonin diosphenol (6) was isolated from the seeds. Capensenin (1) showed weak antimicrobial activity against...
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Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz (Shyonak, Indian trumpet tree, Midnight horror) belongs to the family Bignoniaceae and has been used as a single drug or as a component of certain poly-herbal drug preparations in Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine. Oroxylum indicum is reported to contain flavonoids, namely, chrysin, oroxylin-A, scutellarin, and baicalein. Baicalein is reported to have anti-cancerous activity and inhibits...
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The stem bark of Stryphnodendron adstringens, popularly known in Brazil as "barbatimão", has many biological activities, including antifungal activity. Considering the increasing interest of using "barbatimão" extract in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis, the aim of this study was to propose a pharmaceutical topical gel containing a proanthocyanidin polymers-rich fraction for use as a pharmacological agent in vaginal...
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The Brazilian savanna known as “Cerrado” is very rich in medicinal plants that are used by the local population for treatment of several illnesses. The herpesvirus is a serious problem worldwide, and affects both animal and human health. This work aimed to study the antiviral activity of eight extracts from plants natives of “Cerrado” region against human (HSV-1), equine (EqHV-1) and swine herpesviruses (SuHV-1). The...
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