Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research

  • Abbreviation: J. Med. Plants Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0875
  • DOI: 10.5897/JMPR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 3838

Full Length Research Paper

Anti-Vibrio and preliminary phytochemical characteristics of crude methanolic extracts of the leaves of Dialium guineense (Wild)

Akinpelu A. David1,2, Awotorebo T. Olaniyi2, Agunbiade O. Mayowa1, Aiyegoro A. Olayinka1* and Okoh I. Anthony1
1Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa. 2Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria.
Email: [email protected]

  •  Accepted: 07 March 2011
  •  Published: 04 June 2011

Abstract

This study investigated the anti-Vibrio activities of the leaf extract of Dialium guineense on eighteen environmental strains of vibrios. The phytochemical constituents of the extract were also assayed in a preliminary test. The results showed that D. guineense crude leaf extract exhibited anti-Vibrio activities on fourteen out of eighteen environmental strains ofVibrio spp. at a final concentration of 20 mg/ml; the zones of inhibition exhibited by the extract against the test isolates ranged between 12 and 20 mm. Standard antibiotics - ampicillin and streptomycin inhibited the growth of the test isolates with the zones of inhibition ranging between 7 to 35 mm and 10 to 37 mm respectively. D. guineense leaf extract exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging between 0.313 to 5.0 mg/ml against the Vibrio isolates while the minimum bactericidal concentrations exhibited ranged between 0.625 and 10 mg/ml by the extract. From the preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and cardiac glycosides were detected as phytochemicals in the crude extract of the plant. The results obtained from this study may provide a proof of the usefulness of D. guineense for traditional uses as folk medicine in the management of various ailments caused by Vibrio spp.

 

Key wordVibrioDialium guineense, minimum bactericidal concentrations, phytochemical.