June 2012
Aconitum balfourii Stapf: A rare medicinal herb from Himalayan Alpine
Aconitum is a genus of flowering plant belonging to buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). Globally, there are over 300 species of Aconitum. In India, the genus is represented by about 24 species mainly distributed in subalpine and alpine zones of Himalayas. Out of these species, Aconitum balfourii Stapf, known as Mitha and Vatsnabh, is a significant species of this genus. It is widespread in Kumaon...
June 2012
In vitro evaluation of antioxidant, cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of different extracts from the leaves of Teucrium ramosissimum (Lamiaceae)
The in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of Teucrium ramosissimumextracts were investigated. The antioxidant activities of the tested extracts were evaluated through three chemical assays which are (1): The cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), (2) The reducing power (RP) and (3) The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Total oligomer flavonoids enriched extract...
June 2012
Clonal propagation and medium-term conservation of Capparis spinosa: A medicinal plant
Successful in vitro multiplication of Capparis spinosa was achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyl amino purine (BAP) at 0.8 mg/L. The highest shoot length (35.6 mm) was obtained with the use of 0.4 mg/L BAP and 0.2 mg/L 1-naphthaleneanacetic acid (NAA). Kinetin at 2.0 mg/L produced a multiplication rate of 9.7 microshoots per explants with an...
June 2012
Anti-oxidative actions of Curcuma zedoaria extract with inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction and lipid peroxidation
The aim of this study was to determine if Curcuma zedoaria extract has antioxidant activities. Anti-oxidative actions were explored by measuring free radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide (NO) levels, and reducing power. The mechanism of anti-oxidative action of C. zedoaria was determined by measuring inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression...
June 2012
Antimutagenic and co-mutagenic activities of some legume seeds and their seed coats
This study aimed to determine the phenolic content and antimutagenicity of some legume seeds and seed coats (black bean, mung bean, peanut, red kidney bean and soybean). The raw red kidney bean exhibited the highest phenolic content (103.2 ± 6.2 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract). The seed coats of black bean, peanut and red kidney bean showed high levels of phenolic content (> 200 mg GAE/g...
June 2012
Screening of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of commercial Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) essential oils
The paper deals with the investigation of the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of four commercial products of Melaleuca alternifolia essential (TTO). The chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. The broth-microdilution method was used to test antimicrobial activity. The antioxidant activity was tested by stable...
June 2012
Efficient protocols for in vitro axillary bud proliferation and somatic embryogenesis of the medicinal plant Anemopsis californica
Anemopsis californica, commonly known as yerba mansa, is an important medicinal plant that has traditionally been used to treat a variety of digestive, respiratory and skin ailments, and has been reported to possess anticancer properties. The increase in demand for this medicinal plant puts wild populations at risk due to over-harvesting; therefore, the development of alternatives such as in vitro propagation...
June 2012
Comparison of volatile components of semen cassiae and semen seeds tea
In the present study, the extraction of volatile oils from semen cassiae and semen seeds tea of China has been made by steam distillation; the volatile components were studied and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 37 components in volatile oil from semen cassiae and 32 components in volatile oil from semen seeds tea were identified. The major components of the volatile oil from semen...
June 2012
Investigation of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera lam seed for antiviral activity against newcastle disease virus in ovo
Investigation was made into the effect of aqueous seed extract of Moringa oleifera against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) using an in ovo assay. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of pharmacologically active and nutritionally relevant compounds in the seed. Nine-day-old embryonated chicken eggs were divided into ten groups of fives and received various treatments. Groups 1 to 6...
June 2012
Two new steroidal glycosides from the in vivo metabolites of stemucronatoside K
Three C21 steroidal glycosides, stephanoside E (compound 1) together with two new others (compound 2 and 3) were isolated from the metabolites of stemucronatoside K, an immunosuppressive C21 steroidal glycosides from Stephanotis mucronata. On the basis of chemical evidence and extensive spectroscopic methods including one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), structures of 2...
June 2012
Water use efficiency and accumulation of trace elements in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) irrigated with municipal wastewater
The use of wastewater for irrigation is on the rise in developing countries like Pakistan, because of scarcity of good-quality irrigation water. Wastewaters contain plant nutrients that favor crop growth but leave a burden of heavy metals, which can enter the food chain, causing great concern. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of surface and subsurface wastewater irrigations on water use...
June 2012
Variation of phytochemical profiles and content among root morphotypes of American ginseng: Economic implications for the grower
Quality perception and hence price value of ginseng is often influenced by its root shape (morphotype). In this study, the profiles and content of six ginsenosides (Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd) were compared among the three common root morphotypes [‘man-like’ (ML), ‘bulb’ (BLB), and ‘stick’ (STK)] of American ginseng. Also, analysis of a marketing strategy was done to ascertain if...
June 2012
Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss using the Allium test
The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss were evaluated with the aid of the Allium test. The extract was found to exhibit mitoclassic and chromatoclassic effects. The abnormalities observed included: nuclear lesions, binucleate cells, prophase accumulation otherwise called prophase poison, sticky metaphase, star metaphase, metaphase c-banding, precocious...
June 2012
Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry-electrospray ionisation analysis of Centella asiatica l., Curcuma longa L. and Strobilanthes crispus L. methanol extracts
All the three plants were analysed in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-electrospray ionisation to identify plant active principles. Chromatographic separation of the compound of interest was achieved on C-18 column with detection in positive ion mode. The test showed that the most active principles found in Curcuma longa L. were curcuminoids mainly curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and...
June 2012
Effects of methanoic seed extracts of Mucuna sloanei on male sex hormones and sperm quality in rats
This work was done to investigate the effects of methanoic seed extract of Mucuna sloaneion male sex hormones and semen quality on albino wistar rats. Thirty two male albino wistar rats weighing between 115 to 230 g were used, they were grouped into 4 of 8 rats each. Group i (control) received distilled water and normal rat chow. While test groups ii, iii, and iv received 100, 200 and 400 mg of the extract per...
June 2012
Isolation and identification of phytochemical constituents from Scrophularia takesimensis
Phytochemical constituents were isolated from Scrophularia takesimensis (Scrophulariaceae) using repeated chromatography and prep-HPLC. Their structures were elucidated as stigmast-5-en-3-ol (1), α-spinasterol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), 5-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one (3), trans-cinnamic acid (4), 4-methoxycinnamic acid (5), 2-methoxycinnamic acid (6), and 5,7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone (7) by...
June 2012
Influence of leaf extracts from Melia azedarach L. on butyrylcholinesterase activity in rat liver
Four types of extracts were prepared from Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) leaves: Aqueous, potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.2), hydroethanolic solution 70:30 and hydroethanolic solution 50:50. Different concentrations of these extracts were investigated for the effect on butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) activity in homogenates rat livers. The introduction of M. azedarach extracts in the...
June 2012
Efficacy of Unani medicine
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