December 2011
A review on bioactive compounds isolated from plants against plant pathogenic fungi
Plant-derived compounds are regarded as a substantial source for novel lead structures to develop medicines and biocides natural products. Concurrent with greater awareness towards the use of synthetic chemicals in agricultural practice, the application of integrated pest management programs has also increased. In recent years, there has been considerable public pressure to reduce the use of synthetic fungicides in...
December 2011
Chemical composition and evaluation of acetylcholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity of essential oil from Dalmatian endemic species Pinus nigra Arnold ssp. dalmatica (Vis.) Franco
In the present study, the chemical composition and biological activity (acetylcholinesterase inhibition and antioxidant activity) of essential oil from endemic species Pinus nigra Arnold ssp. dalmatica (Vis.) Franco was investigated. α-Pinene, β-pinene, germacrene D and ß-caryophyllene were identified by GC-FID and GC-MS as dominant components of the oil. P....
December 2011
In vitro assessment of fortification from oxidative stress by various fractions of Rhynchosia pseudo-cajan
The methanolic extract of Rhynchosia pseudo-cajan Cambess. was dissolved in distilled water and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol sequentially. The antioxidant potential of all these fractions and remaining aqueous fraction was evaluated by four methods: 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity, Ferric Reducing...
December 2011
In vitro antioxidant activity of Polysaccharide from Sedum aizoon L. extracts
Crude polysaccharide was isolated from the stem of Sedum aizoon L. Antioxidant activity of crude polysaccharide was evaluated with 2, 20-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 20-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), superoxide radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging and reducibility. It exhibited a powerful ABTS radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging character when compared with the...
December 2011
Salinity effects on germination and growth of chamomile genotypes
Our objectives were to investigate the effects of salinity on germination and growth of two chamomile species by measuring yield and yield components of Four genotypes ofMatricaria recutita and four genotypes of Matricaria aurea. The genotypes were cultivated in sand in a greenhouse and irrigated with additional nutrient solutions. The treatments included salinity (NaCl) levels of control, 0, 6, 12,...
December 2011
Vegetative propagation of Warburgia ugandensis Sprague: An important medicinal tree species in eastern Africa
Warburgia ugandensis is an important medicinal tree species whose bark is widely harvested for its valuable anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties. Consequently, this tree species is considered threatened. Therefore, this species is ranked as one of the priority species for management and conservation. This study investigated an appropriate technique for propagation of W. ugandensis using stem...
December 2011
Phytochemistry and in vitro anti-oxidant activities of Stellaria media, Cajanus cajan and Tetracera potatoria methanolic extracts
Phytochemical screening and determination of antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of leaf of Stellaria media, Cajanus cajan and root of Tetracera potatoria were conducted. Phytoconstituents screened for included alkaloid, saponins, tannins, phlobatannins, flavonoids, anthraquinones and cardiac glycosides. Free radicals scavenging capacity of the extract of the three plants were...
December 2011
Population structure of Euodia rutaecarpa in China revealed by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP)
In the present paper, experimental materials of 33 accessions representative of the Euodia rutaecarpa from four Chinese provinces were analyzed using the sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) techniques, focusing on their molecular discrimination and the assessment of their genetic relatedness. For the analysis, we optimized 10 pairs of SRAP primers...
December 2011
In vivo antioxidant potentials of Stachytarpheta angustifolia leaf extract on acute butylated hydroxytoluene-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats
Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) is a synthetic phenolic antioxidant widely used as a food additive and preservative, but at high doses it exerts a pro-oxidant effect causing oxidative stress in rats, leading to hepatic and renal damage. Stachytarpheta angustifolia is reported to possess a potent in vitro antioxidant activity and several ethnomedicinal functions hence, could lessen the toxic effect of...
December 2011
Anti-proliferative effect of Pleurotus tuberregium against colon and cervical cancer cells
Pleurotus tuberregium is an exotic mushroom species which grows in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. This species is used in Africa for food and as medicine for the treatment of certain diseases. There is limited scientific information on the effects of P. tuberregium against cancer cells. This study was carried out to determine the antiproliferative activities of P....
December 2011
In vitro anthelmintic activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus and its phytochemical, proximate and elemental contents
The in vitro egg hatch assay was used to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus against gastrointestinal strongyles of sheep at dilutions of 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml, respectively. In addition, the phytochemical, proximate and elemental contents of the extract were also determined using standard methods. The extract produced dose dependent (60.6, 84 and...
December 2011
Inhibitory effects of methanolic extract of Salvia fruticosa Mill. on pro-inflammatory cytokines production in RAW 264.7 in vitro cellular model and in Balb/c mice in vivo animal model
The aim of this study is to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extract (MeOH) of Salvia fruticosa Mill. on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and in Balb/c mice. Tumor necrosis factor –α (TNF-α), Interlukin-6 (IL-6), and Interlukin 1β (IL-1β) production in RAW 264.7 cells and in Balb/c mice were...
December 2011
Phytochemicals, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa, Centella asiatica, Moringa oleifera and Murraya koenigii leaves
Many exotic vegetables remain uninvestigated as potential sources of bioactive nutrients. The objective was to determine and compare nutrients, selected phytochemicals and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in three types of leafy vegetables and a spice, including Hibiscus sabdariffa, Centella asiatica, Moringa oleifera, and Murraya koenigii. Proximate analysis, vitamin C, beta-carotene,...
December 2011
Thidiazuron induced high frequency axillary shoot multiplication in Withania somnifera L. Dunal
An efficient and improved shoot regeneration technique for the micropropagation of Withania somnifera L. through in vitro culture of nodal segments with axillary buds using thidiazuron (TDZ) is developed. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing TDZ (0.0 to 10.0 µM) was effective in inducing shoot buds and maintaining high rates of shoot multiplication and subsequent elongation on hormone...
December 2011
Antioxidant activity of some Morrocan hydrosols
Essential oils are used in Cosmetic, Perfumery, Food and Pharmaceutical Industries as flavours and/or medicines. However, part of the essential oil components that remains in the distillation water (hydrosol or distillate water) has been less studied both in chemical and biological terms. This research concerns the antioxidant activity, measured through several methods, of Lavandula...
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